Midterm

Question 1

The __________ prevent more than one sperm from fertilizing an egg
A.) corona radiata
B.) corpus lutem
C.) zona pellucida
D.) trophoblast

Answer 1

C.) zona pellucida

Question 2

During implantation the _______ interacts with the maternal uterine wall
A.) epiblast
B.) syncytiotrophoblast
C.) cytotrophoblast
D.) Amnoin

Answer 2

B.) syncytiotrophoblast

Question 3

The embryonic bilaminar disc form during __________, and consists of the ________ and _________

A.) weeks 1-2, epiblast and hypoblast
B.) weeks, 2-3 epiblast and hypoblast
C.) week 1-2, syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
D.) weeks 2-3, syncytiotrophoblast

Answer 3

A.) weeks 1-2, epiblast and hypoblast C

Question 4

The outer layer of cells in the blastocyst is the _________
A.) trophoblast
B.) epiblast
C.) hypoblast
D.) blastocoele

Answer 4

A.) trophoblast

Question 5

A zygote with 32 blastomers is known as a _____
A.) embryo
B.) blastocyst
C.) morula
D.) blastocoele

Answer 5

C.) morula

Question 6

In the average human female, ovulation occurs at approximately day _____ of the menstrual cycle

A.) 1
B.) 7
C.) 14
D.) 28

Answer 6

C.) 14

Question 7

The ____________ become cotyledon arteries and veins by the 4th to 5th month of development

A.) chorionic arteries and veins
B.) umbilical arteries and veins
C.) syncytiotrophoblast
D.) dedidua basalis

Answer 7

D.) dedidua basalis

Question 8

The primary vili during the formation of the placenta form when the __________ forms cellular columns that travel through the syncytiotrophoblast

A.) epiblast
B.) somatic extraembryonic mesoderm
C.) cytotrophoblast
D.) amnion

Answer 8

C.) cytotrophoblast

Question 9

Maternal-fetal nutrient and waste exchange occurs in the _________ of the placenta

A.) decidua basalis
B.) villious chorion
C.) intervillious spaces
D.) umbilicus

Answer 9

C. Intervillious spaces

Question 10

The fetal part of the placenta is called the _______

A.) tertiary villi/ cotyledons
B.) syncytiotrophoblast
C.) endoderm
D.) decidua basalis

Answer 10

A.) tertiary villi/ cotyledons

Question 11

Hair and nails form from what embryonic get layer

A.) ectoderm
B.) mesoderm
C.) endoderm
D.) somites

Answer 11

A.) ectoderm

Question 12

At what time do lanugo and vernix during pregnancy

A.) weeks 9-12
B.) weeks 13-16
C.) weeks 17-20
D.) weeks 20-24

Answer 12

C.) weeks 17-20

Question 13

After gastrulation, the epiblast becomes the ____ germ layer

A.) endoderm
B.) mesoderm
C.) ectoderm
D.) hypoblast

Answer 13

Mesoderm

Question 14

During neurulation the ______ meet at the midline posteriorly to close neural tube
A.) neural folds
B.) neural crest cells
C.) somites
D.) notochords

Answer 14

A.) neural folds B

Question 15

In ________, the process of neurulation begins with the formation of the _______

A.) weeks 4, neural crest
B.) week 3, neural fold
C.) week 4, neural fold
D.) week 3, notochord

Answer 15

D.) weeks 3, notochord

Question 16

The _______ is a rift in the epiblast, resulting in the migration of cells to form the embryonic trilaminar disc

A.) neural fold
B.) neural crest
C.) notochord
D.) primitive streak

Answer 16

D.) primitive streak

Question 17

The process of gastrulation results in _________

A.) the formation of the embryonic trilaminar disc (hypoblast, epiblast, chorion)
B.) the formation of neural tube
C.) formation of embryonic trilaminar disc (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm)
D.) migration of neural crest cells

Answer 17

C.) formation of embryonic trilaminar disc (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)

Question 18

The ___________ consists of hypoblast and epiblast

A.) embryonic bilaminar disc
B.) tertiary villi
C.) embryonic trilaminar disc
D.) umbilical cord

Answer 18

A.) embryonic bilaminar disc D

Question 19

The teratogenic period, or time when the embryo is most susceptible to environmental influence on development, occurs during weeks ________

A.) 1-8
B.) 3-8
C.) 9-12
D.) 16-20

Answer 19

1-8

Question 20

What embryonic germ layer forms the epithelium of the gut tube

A.) mesoderm
B.) endoderm
C.) ectoderm
D.) extraembryonic somatic mesoderm

Answer 20

B.) endoderm

Question 21

The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall are derived from_______

A.) dorsal portion of the myotome of the somites
B.) ventral portion of the somites
C.) lateral plate mesoderm
D.) neural crest cells

Answer 21

B.) lateral plate mesoderm

Question 22

What embryonic tissue forms the expaxial (intrinsic back) muscles

A.) dorsal portion of the myotome of the somites
B.) ventral portion of the myotome of the somites
C.) lateral plate mesoderm
D.) neural crest cells

Answer 22

A.) dorsal portion of the myotome of the somites

Question 23

Muscle tissue is formed from which embryonic germ layer?

A.) endoderm
B.) ectoderm
C.) epiblast
D.) mesoderm

Answer 23

D.) mesoderm

Question 24

What statement is true regarding the ossification of the vertebrae?

A.) the primary ossification centers fuse together before the appearance of the secondary ossification centers
B.) secondary ossification centers are present at birth
C.) vertebrae are completed ossified by age 6
D.) vertebrae form via intramembraneous ossification

Answer 24

Primary ossification centers fuse together before the appearance of the secondary ossification center

Question 25

________ are the unossified portions of Mesenchyme between the bones of the skull at birth A.) epiphyseal growth plates B.) fontanelles C.) sutures D.) foramen

Answer 25

B.) fontanelles

Question 26

When do the secondary ossification centers of typical vertebrae begin to appear A.) before birth B.) during the first three years C.) puberty D.) at age 18

Answer 26

C.) at puberty

Question 27

Which of the following is a primary ossification center a typical vertebrae A.) 1/2 of the neural arch B.) tip of the spinous process C.) pedicle D.) annular epiphyses

Answer 27

1/2 of the neural arch

Question 28

Which of the following statements is false regarding endochondral ossification A.) endochondral ossification begins with a hyaline cartilage template formed from Mesenchyme B.) primary and secondary ossification centers begin to form at the same time C.) the first layers of bone laid down in endochondral ossification are comprised of woven bone D.) woven bone remodels into mature lamellar bone during endochondral ossification

Answer 28

B.) primary and secondary ossification centers begin to form at the same time

Question 29

Which of the following statements regarding intramembraneous ossification is false A.) the flat bones of the skeleton are formed via intramembraneous ossification B.) Mesenchyme becomes vascularised before the ossification process begins C.) a hyaline cartilage template is formed in Mesenchyme during intramembraneous ossification D.) primitive trabecule comprised of woven bone is the first tissue formed during intramembraneous ossification

Answer 29

C.) A hyaline cartilage template is formed in Mesenchyme during intramembraneous ossification

Question 30

What portion of the somites contributes to formation of the axial skeleton A.) sclerotome B.) myotome C.) dermatome D.) somatic mesoderm

Answer 30

A.) sclerotome

Question 31

The pleuropericardial membranes are derived from

Answer 31

Lateral plate mesoderm

Question 32

The pleuropericardial membranes are derived from

Answer 32

Parietal mesoderm

Question 33

The connective visceral mesoderm

Answer 33

Visceral mesoderm

Question 34

The embryo begins to fold and form the body cavities in week

Answer 34

4

Question 35

The space that develops within lateral plate mesoderm that eventually forms the embryonic cavity is the

Answer 35

Intraembryonic coelum

Question 36

What structure forms the central tendon of the diaphragm

Answer 36

Septum transversum

Question 37

What embryonic germ layer forms the epithelium of the gut tube

Answer 37

Endoderm

Question 38

During the formation of the body cavities connections between the visceral mesoderm of the gut tube and the parietal mesoderm of the body wall are known as

Answer 38

Mesentaries

Question 39

What structure separates the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity

Answer 39

Pleuropericardial folds