Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Skincare > Midterm 2 > Flashcards

Midterm 2 Flashcards

(98 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Primary Functions of the skin: 6

A

Sensation
Protection
Heat regulation
Excretion
Secretion
Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Skin type: 1

A

Determined genetically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Skin Conditions:1

A

Caused by external factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Massage: 1

A

Manual or mechanical manipulation achieved by rubbing, kneading or other methods that stimulate metabolism and circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Benefits of Massage: 10

A

Relaxation
Stimulation
Improved metabolism
Helps muscle tone
Cleansing
Exfoliation
Reduces puffiness
Produces absorption
Relieves tension
Sense of well-being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Massage contraindications: 9

A

Contagious disease
Inflamed acne
Sunburn/windburn
Sensitive skin
Open lesions, cuts, sores
Skin disorders
Severe uncontrolled hypertension
Uncontrolled diabetes
Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What massage can estheticians not perform:

A

Therapeutic massage/ deep tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 main massage movements

A

Effleurage – continuous stroking
Petrissage – stimulation- kneading, pinching
Tapotement – fast tapping
Vibration – rapid shaking
Friction – rubbing technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How long are massages in treatment :

A

10-20 mins ‘

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is important to do during massage: 3

A

Maintain consistent flow
Don’t break contact
communicate with client- pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benefits of professional Masks: 7

A

draws impurities out of pores
Clears blemishes
Tighten and tone
Hydrate
Nourish
Calm
Rejuvenate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Microdermabrasion: 2

A

Machine based exfoliation

Uses crystal spray or diamond tips to gently polish dead skin cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crystal Microdermabrasion: 4

A

Spraying high grade micro-crystals across face through hand piece, and vacuumed off simultaneously

corundum powder, aluminum oxide

Messy and requires additional cleanup

Respiratory hazard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Crystal-Free/ Diamond tip microdermabrasion: 2

A

Diamond tip applicator that gently polishes dead skin

Same results with less clean up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the treatment: microdermabrasion:2

A

Offered alone or part of a facial, or advanced treatments

Drying effects- serums, masks, hydration can be added after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what must be done while performing microdermabrasion: 2

A

Performed in stretched skin- action zone

To avoid skin damage and have optimal results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

factors of the number of passes of microdermabrasion:4

A

skin type
Skin condition
erythema
toleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Technique of microdermabrasion: 5

A

Cross-hatching method

Horizontal, vertical and diagonal directional applications

2 passes

Used to complete treatment quicker

Fewer passes for sensitive areas/sensitive skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Factors of aggressive microdermabrasion: 3

A

Higher vacuum

Time in contact with skin

More passes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Endpoint of microdermabrasion:

A

Erythema/redness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When to use microdermabrasion: 2

A

Those who cannot tolerate acids

Surface exfoliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Microdermabrasion used to diminish: 6

A

Sun damage

Pigmentation

Open and closed comedomes

Fine lines and wrinkles

Enlarged pores and coarsely textured skin

Stimulate cell metabolism and blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contraindications and precautions for microdermabrasion: 13

A

Recent cosmetic surgeries, laser, chemical peels, dermabrasion

Injects/fillers

Retin-A, prescribed exfoliants

Allergies/sensitivities to products/ingredients

Pregnancy

Herpes

Hyperpigmentation tendencies

Rosacea/acne

Infectious diseases

Open sores/lesions

Sunburn/irritation

Fragile skin

Photosensitizing medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What should clients avoid after microdermabrasion:6

A

Sun exposure

Sweating

Scrubs

Rubbing

Depilatories/waxing

Chemical exfoliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
microdermabrasion machine contains and how to clean: 5
Motors- internal Hoses – wiped down Filters- gets replaced Hand-pieces – wiped down Motors and hand-pieces must be dry
26
Crystal microdermabrasion use and safety 4
Only use recommended crystal Don’t over use crystals Crystals should flow on skin surface only Avoid breathing in, or getting them in eyes/nose
27
Cleanup and disposal of crystal microdermabrasion machines: 4
Clean while wearing gloves and a mask to avoid contact Separate containers for used and un-used crystals preferred for safety Follow directions for disposal and maintenance Treatment room linens also need to be cleaned and checked for crystals
28
Extractions: 4
Manually removing comedomes, dead cells, sebum, bacteria, and other debris from follicles Allows follicles to contract back to regular size Often only way to expel debris Sometimes may need lancet – pustules and milia (closed comeomes)
29
Desincrustation:1
Refers to the process of softening the skin and sebaceous impactions by applying chemical that helps liquify to softer consistency
30
Desincrustation solutions; 2
More alkaline pH Applied to oily areas, clogged pores and areas of extraction On for 10-15 mins Used with steam
31
What procedures is desincrustation used for: 3
Extractions Galvanic current Suction/vacuuming
32
General rules of extractions: 6
Always wear gloves Don’t go over 10 minutes Keep skin pulled tight Proper pre-softening of skin Tone/antiseptic after No AHA after
33
High Frequency Machine: 5
Apparatus that utilizes a smooth, repetitive, alternating current (tesla/sinusoidal) Produces heat No polarity in effect does not produce chemical changes- no product penetration Rapid oscillation vibrates water molecules – produces mild heat effect Creates noise and has distinctive smell
34
Electrodes: 3
Several kinds of direct and indirect available with unique benefits and features producing specific physiological reactions Neon/argon gases replace air in the tubes as As electricity passes they emit visible light
35
Neon gas; light colour and use: 2
Pink, orange or red light Sensitive skin and aging skin
36
Argon gas; light and use: 2
Blue or violet light Normal-oily skin and acne prone skin
37
When to use high frequency: 2
After extractions Over product- but will not penetrate
38
Effects of high frequency: 6
Antiseptic and healing effect from ozone Stimulates circulation Helps oxygenate the skin Increase cell metabolism Helps coagulate and heal from sparking Warm and relaxing effect
39
Contraindications: for high frequency 10
Couperose Inflamed Pacemaker Metal implants Heart issues High blood pressure Braces Epilepsy Clients who are pregnant Body piercings waist up
40
Guidelines for high frequency: 2
Avoid metal Ground fingers to electrode before applying and removing
41
Indirect High frequency effects: 4
Creates regenerating action Increase blood flow Great for skin lacking firmness and tone Stimulating to dry skin
42
Maintenance of high frequency: 4
Clean electrode with soap and water No alcohol on electrode Wipe only glass end Don’t break or damage electrode
43
Ultrasound Technology: 3
Ultrasound/sonic refers to frequency above range of sound audible to human ear Uses non-invasive sound waves Based on high-frequency oscillation produced by metal spatula-like tool
44
When to use Ultrasound: 3
Product penetration cellulite reduction Cleanse and exfoliate from vibrations through water medium Viable choice for clients with sensitive skin and rosacea- nonabrasive nature
45
Ultrasound effects: 5
Penetrates deep- stimulates tissue, increased blood flow and promotes oxygenation Lower the frequency the deeper the penetration Cellulite- through heat manipulation of tissue and lymphatic movement Heat created, vibration in cells stimulates circulation, metabolism and lymph drainage Heat damage stimulates collagen production
46
Ultrasonic; sonophoresis: 1
Process where device sends waves through skin to assist with product penetration
47
Contraindications of ultrasonic: 9
Open/unidentified skin lesions Heart conditions Pacemakers/implants Epilepsy Pregnancy Advanced diabetes Cancerous lesions Anyone under doctors care Metal
48
Best practices and safety considerations for ultrasonic: 2
Maintain constant movement on moist skin to Avoid excessive heat build-up and unstable cavitation Caution on fragile/thin skin
49
Spray for vacuum machine: 3
Beneficial in calming and hydrating the skin Can be used to apply toner Attached to vacuum machine
50
Contraindications for spray machine :1
Respiratory issues
51
Safety for spray machine: 3
Do not allow to drip into eyes, mouth, ears or down neck Do not leave solution in spray bottle overnight Only use in well-ventilated room
52
Vacuum: 2
Suction is beneficial to remove impurities and stimulate skin Perform machine-aided massage
53
Vacuum machine- 2 main functions: 2
Used after desincrustation and before extractions To stimulate the dermal layer, lymphatic and blood circulation
54
What are the attachments for the vacuum machine: 2
Ventouse Glass or plastic
55
Vacuum machine contraindications: 6
Couperose Dilated capillaries Open lesions Rosacea Inflamed Loose skin- caution
56
Vacuum machine safety: 5
Do not hold still over area Clean ventouse soap and water/process Disinfect machine Filter in hose needs to be changed frequently Store ventouse in protective package
57
When to use vacuum machine: 2
Deep pore cleaning- after desincrustation with steamer, before extractions Sluggish skin- after exfoliation, before serum/mask
58
How to move vacuum across face: 1
From center out towards lymphs
59
Chemical exfoliation: 4
Process of removing excess accumulations of dead skin cells from surface with superficial peeling , exfoliation and desquamation More significant results Produce chemical change Come in many formulations and strengths \
60
Basic treatment protocol for chemical peels: 4
Varies depending on product line Applying product Neutralizing Removing
61
Acids pH; 1
0-6
62
Neutral pH; 1
7
63
Alkaline pH: 1
8-14
64
Skin average pH:1
4.5-5.5
65
Cell renewal factor:1
Cell turnover rate
66
Cell renewal factor for babies:1
14 days
67
Cell renewal factor for teens: 1
21-28 days
68
Cell renewal factor for adults: 1
28-42 days
69
Cell renewal factor for 50 and older: 1
42-84 days
70
Factors influencing cell renewal factor ;6
Genetics Natural environment Medical history Life style Personal care Exfoliation methods
71
Superficial or light peels: 3
Administered by estheticians Only removes from stratum corneum Enzymes, glycolic acid, lactic acid (30% or less)
72
Medium or deep peels: 2
Administered by physicians Penetrate deeper into dermal layer
73
What chemicals are used for deep peels: 5
Resorcinal Phenol acid – carbolic acid/bakers peel Trichloroacetic acid TCA Glycolic acid- 50% or more Jesseners Peel
74
General effects of chemical exfoliation and peels: 6
Improves texture, barrier function and moisture retention Increased cell renewal factor, hydration and intercellular lipids Reduced fine lines, wrinkles and surface pigment Smoother and softer skin Improved skin conditions Potential stimulation of elastin and collagen
75
General precautions: 4
Use sunscreen- Need to be protected from UV to avoid hyper pigment and damage Can result in burns that may require medical attention and cause scars Follow instructions Perform patch test
76
What is the aftercare for chemical peels: 8
Next 24-48 hours Avoid sun exposure Scrubs Rubbing Pulling dead skin Depilatories and waxing Benzoyl peroxide Exfoliation/glycolic products
77
Contraindications of chemical peels: 13
Recent cosmetic procedures, laser, chemical, dermabrasion Injects and fillers Skin exfoliating topicals Allergies/sensitivities Pregnancy Herpes Hyperpigmentation tendencies Rosacea/ acne Infectious disease Open sores/lesions Sunburn/irritation Photosensitizing meds Other contraindicated drugs/meds
78
What is an enzyme peel: 2
Proteolytic in nature Work to digest keratin in dead skin cells on surface
79
Forms of enzyme peel: 2
Ready to use mask Powder with liquid activator
80
Ingredients of enzyme peels: 4
Bromelain Papain Pancreatin Trypsin
81
Wen to use enzyme peel: 4
Once every 1-2 weeks With clinical facial Prepare for advanced treatment Not prior to chemical peel
82
Consideration for treatment of enzyme peel: 6
Skin type Sebaceous gland activity Skin conditions Philosophy of sun exposure Cosmetic and product use Any acne products/retinols
83
Effects of enzyme peel: 5
Superficial and temporary Refreshed dewy complexion No in-depth clinical changes Very light erythema/redness Minimal tingle
84
Best practices of enzyme peel: 3
Eyewear for client and tech Some areas may process sooner – may need spot removal Prepare to remove at endpoint of application to avoid over processing
85
AHA peels:4
Alpha hydroxy acids Mild acids that come in different percentages and pH levels No peeling or flaking Exfoliate and dissolve
86
What does AHA do:2
Penetrate and loosen bond between cells Stimulate production of intercellular lipids
87
What kinds of acids can AHA contain and where is it from: 6
Glycolic acid- sugar cane Lactic acid – milk Tartaric acid- grapes Malic acid- apples Citric acid – citrus Mandelic acid – bitter almond
88
BHA peels: 5
Beta hydroxy acids- under same premise of AHA Better suited to dissolve oil Primarily for oily skin and acne Usually stronger than AHA Slight flaking and peeling
89
What does BHA contain: 2
Salicylic acid – anti-inflammatory properties Clients allergic to aspirin cannot use
90
When to use AHA peels:5
Home care regimen to prepare skin and jumpstart process Maintenance- montlhy peel Graduated peeling system Clients cleared for this level of peeling Those who want faster results
91
When to use BHA peels: 5
Same as AHA, but added products specifically for oily skin Acne and oily Lower strength and work up Implemented according to goal Maintenance to maintain results
92
Best Practices for AHA and BHA peels: 8
Explain outcomes and realistic goals Choose type based on skin condition and goals Eyewear Barriers to corners of eyes and nostrils Aware of sun exposure Stinging and tingling during application- fan or tap to cool down During neutralization peel can be temporarily reactive do to rehydration BHA may have residue
93
What is Jessner's and TCA peel: 8
Stronger superficial peel jessners solution- mix of salicylic acid, resorcinal, lactic acid, ethanol TCA=Trichloroacetic acid Applies low percentage and fewer layers Protein coagulation- flaking and peeling May not be neutralized and stay on face to rinse later Home care regimen Starting at lower strength and working up
94
What are Jessners and TCA peels addressing: 4
Aging Sun damage Oily Acne
95
Jessner peel use: 3
Primarily for oily and acne and sun damage Applied in several layers Once every 3-4 weeks or more
96
TCA peels use: 3
Aging and sun damage Applied in several layers Once every 3-4 or more weeks
97
Jessener and TCA best practices: 7
Same contraindications as AHA/BHA Eye wear and barriar cream in sensitive areas Beware of sun May have more stinging- use fan to cool Mild erythema/frosting immediately after Flaking and peeling- no picking or peeling Once peel process is complete can return to normal skin products
98
What is a designer peel: 3
Yield more targeted results Additional ingredients may be added Pigment lighteners, acne ingredients, moisturizers or hydrators

Skincare (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions