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kin 121 > midterm 2 > Flashcards

midterm 2 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

kinanthropometry

A

size, proportionality, composition, shape (somatotype)

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2
Q

kinanthropometry size

A

stature, mass, lengths, girths, widths

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3
Q

Stature proportions

A

sitting height relative to standing height, females traditionally have longer trunks

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4
Q

mass proportioanlity

A

BMI= weight / height squared
BMI not useful for babies, muscular people etc

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5
Q

length proportions

A

crural index- lower leg relative to upper leg
brachial index- lower arm relative to upper arm

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6
Q

girth proportions

A

hip relative to waist

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7
Q

width proportions

A

shoulders relative to hips (androgyny index)

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8
Q

2-component model

A

lean body mass (skeletal muscle, bone, water) and fat body mass (storage fat and essential fat)

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9
Q

storage fat

A

energy reserve, cushions/protects organs (male 12%, female 15%)

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10
Q

essential fat

A

central nervous system (bone marrow, heart lungs, liver, intestines etc), 3% male, 12% female

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11
Q

waist to hip ratio

A

gynoid (pear)-female
android (apple)- male
excess abdominal fat leads to diabetes, hypertension etc.

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12
Q

somatotyping

A

roundness= endomorphy (female)
muscularity= mesomorphy (male)
linearity= ectomorphy

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13
Q

prime mover

A

agonists

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14
Q

opposing muscles

A

antagonists

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15
Q

stabilizers

A

support muscles and keep body stable during movement

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16
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

origin: sternum and clavicle
insertion: mastoid process
function: flexes neck to chest (when all sides contract), rotates head (when on side contracts)
TURNING LEFT ACTIVATES RIGHT MUSCLE

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17
Q

erector spinae (upper portion)

A

origin: posterior sacrum and ilium
insertion: posterior skull
function: maintain erect position, extends neck

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18
Q

rectus abdominis

A

origin: sternum and adjacent ribs
insertion: pubic bone
function: trunk flexion and pelvis stabilization

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19
Q

external oblique

A

origin: lateral ribs downward
insertion: anterior crest of ilium, pubis, linea alba
function: trunk flexion + rotation, pelvis stabilization

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20
Q

internal oblique

A

origin: lateral crest of pubis and illium
insertion: linea alba
function: trunk flexion +rotation, pelvis stabilization

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21
Q

transversus abdominis

A

origin: lower ribs, iliac crest
insertion: linea alba
function: compresses abdomen, spine + trunk stabilization

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22
Q

erector spinae (lower portion)

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A

origin: iliac crest
insertion: all vertebrae to skull
function: trunk extension, important in back injury prevention

23
Q

anterior deltoid

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A

origin: lateral clavicle
insertion: deltoid tubercle
function: shoulder flexion, internal rotation

24
Q

middle deltoid

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A

origin: acromion process
insertion: deltoid tubercle
function: shoulder abduction

25
posterior deltoid
origin: lateral spine of scapula insertion: deltoid tubercle function: shoulder extension and external rotation
26
pectoralis major
origin: sternum and clavicle insertion: bicipital groove function: horizontal humeral adduction, bringing arm down (extension or adduction), internal rotation of humerus
27
latissimus dorsi
origin: bottom 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lumbar vertebrae + sacrum insertion: pass under arm to bicipital groove function: horizontal humeral abduction bringing arm down (extension or adduction), internal rotation
28
supraspinatus
origin: supraspinous fossa insertion: superior humerus function: abducts humerus
29
infraspinatus
origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula insertion: posterior humerus function: adducts humerus, lateral rotation
30
subscapularis
origin: subscapular fossa on scapula insertion: anterior humerus function: adducts humerus, medial rotation
31
trapezius
origin: base of skull to T12 insertion: spine of scapula function: scapular stabilization, shoulder elevation (upper), shoulder retraction (middle), shoulder depression (lower)
32
serratus anterior
origin: anterior, medial scapula insertion: anterior ribs 1-8 function: scapular stabilization, shoulder protraction
33
brachialis
origin: anterior distal humerus insertion: anterior proximal ulna function: elbow flexion
34
biceps brachii
origin: scapula (superior to glenoid fossa and coracoid process) insertion: anterior proximal radius function: elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, supination
35
brachioradialis
origin: anterior distal shaft of humerus insertion: lateral distal radius function: elbow flexion
36
triceps brachii
origin: inferior to glenoid fossa (long head), posterior humerus (short head) insertion: posterior proximal ulna function: elbow and shoulder extension
37
hand and wrist flexors
origin: medial epicondyle insertion: carpals, metacarpals function: wrist flexion
38
forearm pronator
origin: medial epicondyle insertion: lateral, proximal radius function: pronation
39
hand and wrist extensors
origin: lateral epicondyle insertion: carpals, metacarpals function: wrist extension
40
forearm supinator
origin: lateral epicondyle insertion: medial. proximal radius function: supination
41
iliopsoas
origin: anterior lumbar vertebrae, iliac fossa insertion: medial proximal femur function: hip flexion, pelvis tilt forward
42
gluteals
origin: outer surface of ilium and sacrum insertion: lateral and posterior proximal femur function: hip extension and backward pelvis tilt (maximus), hip abduction (medius and minimus)
43
adductors
origin: pubis insertion: medial femur function: hip adduction
44
quadriceps femoris
origin: proximal femur (vastus muscles), anterior ilium (rectus femoris) insertion: tibial tuberosity function: knee extension, hip flexion (rectus femoris)
45
hamstrings
origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: posterior medial/lateral proximal tibia function: hip extension, knee flexion
46
tibialis anterior
origin: proximal 2/3 of tibia insertion: top of 1st metatarsal function: dorsiflexion
47
soleus
origin: posterior proximal tibia insertion: calcaneus function: planatrflexion
48
gastrocnemius
origin: posterior distal femur insertion: calcaneus function: plantar flexion, knee flexor
49
smooth resistant
-in blood vessel, organs, eye iris, GI tract -slow, uniform contractions -fatigue resistant
50
cardiac muscle
-self generating impulses -very fatigue resistant
51
skeletal muscle
-contains bony segments via tendons -repeated contractions leads to fatigue -voluntary
52
skeletal muscle cell
1. muscle 2. muscle fibre bundle 3. muscle fibre 4. myofibril
53
muscle cell anatomy
-diameter of a thin human hair -max. length 12 cm -multinucleated cylindrical cell

kin 121 (1 decks)

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