Midterm 2

Question 1

Dog and salvation example: Whats the Unconditioned Stimulus

Answer 1

Food

Question 2

Dog and salvation example: Whats the Unconditioned response

Answer 2

Salvation

Question 3

Dog and salvation example: Whats the Conditioned stimulus

Answer 3

noise/flash

Question 4

Dog and salvation example: whats the conditioned response

Answer 4

eating

Question 5

Beer and bikini girl example: Whats the unconditioned stimulus

Answer 5

the girl

Question 6

Beer and bikini girl example: whats the unconditioned response

Answer 6

arousal

Question 7

Beer and bikini girl example: Whats the conditioned stimulus

Answer 7

the beer

Question 8

Beer and bikini girl example: Whats the conditioned response

Answer 8

drinking the beer

Question 9

Whats the law of effect:

Answer 9

If behavior brings a reward, it becomes stamped into the mind and is likely to be repeated

Question 10

What do children with autism have

Answer 10

intellectual strengths such as excellent rote memory

Question 11

Sensory memory

Answer 11

to sustain sensations for identification, lasts 1/5-1/2 seconds

Question 12

Iconic Memory

Answer 12

(part of short term) uses visual sensory memory, receives info and replaces the old, lasts about 1 second

Question 13

Echoic Memory

Answer 13

(part of short term) retaining auditory info, lasts about 3 seconds

Question 14

Short term memory

Answer 14

holding, but not manipulating memory in an active state, (7 give or take 2 items) 10-15 seconds

Question 15

Long term memory

Answer 15

hold info for long periods of time, no capacity

Question 16

Episodic Memory

Answer 16

(part of long term memory) recollection of events in our lives. ex. time, place, emotions

Question 17

Semantic Memory

Answer 17

(part of long term memory) knowledge about facts of the world. not personal experience

Question 18

Procedural Memory

Answer 18

(part of long term memory) responsible for knowing how to do things, also known as motor skills.

Question 19

Modal model of memory

Answer 19

1. Sensory
2. Short term
3. Long term

Question 20

extinction

Answer 20

presents cs without ucs

Question 21

phonemes

Answer 21

Smallest unit of sound

Question 22

Morphemes

Answer 22

Smallest unit of meaning

Question 23

Linguistic relativity hypothesis

Answer 23

relationship between language and thoughts

Question 24

Schema

Answer 24

organized cluster of knowledge

Question 25

Confirmation bias

Answer 25

the tendency to only seek information that is likely to support one's decisions and belief

Question 26

Descriptive approach

Answer 26

tells people how to actively solve problems

Question 27

Lucid dreaming

Answer 27

knowing that you are dreaming while you are dreaming

Question 28

Dissociation theory

Answer 28

the idea that one part of the mind operates independently of the rest of the consciousness

Question 29

Teratogens

Answer 29

the negative things in an environment that can affect the development of a baby in the womb

Question 30

Assimilation

Answer 30

taking in new information and making it fit into your current structure of understanding

Question 31

Accommodation

Answer 31

requires the learner to reshape their schemas and structures of learning to fit the new information

Question 32

Continuous

Answer 32

the reinforcement will always be delivered if correct behavior or answer provided ex. answer is correct, child gets rewarded

Question 33

Intermittent

Answer 33

Fixed means of reinforcement will be delivered at a fixed number of correct responses

Question 34

Fixed Ratio

Answer 34

reinforcement that will be delivered after a certain number of correct answers ex. child will be given candy after 5 responses

Question 35

Fixed Interval

Answer 35

reinforcement will be delivered after a certain amount of time ex. child gets candy after 2 minutes of work

Question 36

Variable ratio

Answer 36

a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses ex. slot machine

Question 37

Variable Interval

Answer 37

a response is reinforced after an unpredictable amount of time has passed ex. checking your email through out the day

Question 38

functional fixedness

Answer 38

difficulty thinking of other uses | ex. can of crisco in discussion

Question 39

damage to hippocampus and temporal lobe affects what memory

Answer 39

Episodic

Question 40

representativeness heuristic

Answer 40

involves judging the probability of an event by its superficial similarity to a prototype

Question 41

symptoms of autism in DSM-v

Answer 41

require both impaired social communication and restrictive or repetitive behavior

Question 42

The discriminative stimulus occurs before or after the behavior occurs

Answer 42

before the behavior occurs

Question 43

what memory is used when you are in a lecture and have to hold onto info long enough to write it down

Answer 43

Echoic memory

Question 44

Primary reinforcers

Answer 44

biological reinforcers | ex. food or drink

Question 45

Secondary reinforcers

Answer 45

association with primary reinforcers or other secondary reinforcers. ex. money, grades, tokens

Question 46

Linguistic relativity hypothesis

Answer 46

language affects how we perceive, reason and remember

Question 47

priming

Answer 47

our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or more quickly after we encounter similar stimuli.

Question 48

1. primacy | 2. Recency

Answer 48

1. remember first few words on a list, LTM | 2. Remembering last few words on a list, STM

Question 49

role of hippocampus and amygdala

Answer 49

Amygdala helps us recall emotions associated with fear-provoking events and the hippocampus helps us recall events themselves.

Question 50

Misinformation effect

Answer 50

Creation of fictitious memories by providing misleading information about an event after it takes place.

Question 51

Inductive reasoning

Answer 51

from specific examples to general rules

Question 52

Deductive reasoning

Answer 52

from general rules to specific examples