Midterm 2

Question 1

Three types of interviews

Answer 1

• standardized (structured, formal)
• unstandardized or non- standardized
• semi standardized

Question 2

Assumptions of standardized interviews:

Answer 2

• questions are comprehensive enough that they will elicit all pertinent information about the topic
• questions are worded so that participants clearly understand what the interviewer is asking
• the meaning of each question is identical for every subject

Question 3

Assumptions of unstandardized interviews

Answer 3

• interviewers do not know what all the necessary questions are
• people’s linguistic capacities are not commensurate
• participants will not necessarily find equal meaning in like worded questions

Question 4

Assumptions of standardized interviews

Answer 4

• interviewers know what some of the important questions are
• there is some commensurability between individuals
• interviewer must standardize questions in the language/ vocabulary of the participants and use probes to explore novel emic concepts

Question 5

Types of interview questions

Answer 5

• deriving questions to ask - creating schedule (order, content, style)
• essential, extra, throw- away, probes
• wording of questions
• grand tour and mini tour
• common problems with questions

Question 6

Deriving questions

Answer 6

• research questions guide question formulation
• we start with a broad outline comprised of major categories we would like to explore
• our questions relate to the different categories
• we get these categories from a thorough search and reading of the literature

Question 7

Order, content, style

Answer 7

• structure of schedule will depend upon traits of your participants
• structure includes the order or sequence of questions, phrasing, level of language, adherence to subject matter
• factors influencing structural choices we make include: participants level of education, ethnicity, age, and gender

Question 8

Essential questions

Answer 8

• exclusively concern Central focus of study
• designed to elicit specific info
• distributed throughout schedule

Question 9

Extra questions

Answer 9

• designed to confirm responses to essential questions (rewording of essential)
• power of repetition (why interview not like convo)

Question 10

Throw away questions

Answer 10

• at the beginning of the schedule for developing rapport
• way cool off participant when breached sensitive topic
• demographics, general info, setting pace

Question 11

Grand tour

Answer 11

• the point for participants to take is on a tour of some facet or feature of their lives

Question 12

Mini tour

Answer 12

• probe during grand tours

Question 13

Double- battled question

Answer 13

• avoid, asking two questions in one

Question 14

Thomas and Znaniecki

Answer 14

• the Polish peasant in Europe and America
• Chicago school
• requested written life histories from who they were studying

Question 15

Zorbaugh

Answer 15

The Gold Coast and the Slum

- got informants to document their participants observations just like the researcher

Question 16

Nygren and Blom

Answer 16

• got narratives from social work students dealing with problems experienced
• example narratives solicited by ethnograpjers

Question 17

Mass observation archive in U.K.

Answer 17

• ability literate volunteers to produce native accounts of everyday life around them

Question 18

Gamst

Answer 18

• documents with locomotive engineers

- published (ie rule books) and unpublished (ie correspondence)

Question 19

Zerubavel

Answer 19

• documents and time in hospitals

Question 20

Latour and Woolgar

Answer 20

• biomedical laboratory field study and document centrality written outputs in scientific world

Question 21

Douglas

Answer 21

• era where official record keeping and counting are primary sources of knowledge
• audit society

Question 22

Sudnow

Answer 22

• productions of normal crimes in a public defenders office

- certain people who have task creating documents, and this effort is subjective and interactionalist in character

Question 23

Garfinkel

Answer 23

• written records are “contractual” not “actuarial”

- not records of what actually happened, tokens fact that people fulfilled roles competently and reasonably

Question 24

Building a house in zorse

Answer 24

• participation acknowledgement relatedness and mutual obligation
• brother in law builds the zong (contains shrines)
• building a zing is a comment in status if bridewealth
• shrines as social records

Question 25

Stewart and Williams

Answer 25

Ethnography in digital spaces: use online for irritable bowel syndrome research

Question 26

Indexing

Answer 26

Scanning and copying relevant sections

Question 27

Olesen & Whitaker

Answer 27

- ethnography with student nurses and field worker | - in order to not make participants uncomfortable write when students writing, and don't write when they are not

Question 28

Calvey

Answer 28

- couldn't write field notes while acting as bouncer

Question 29

Graham

Answer 29

- got away with writing notes on a car assembly line because it wasn't unusual for people to carry clipboards and write things down

Question 30

Analytic index

Answer 30

- take each data segment and index it under a developing set of headings - you can do this on index cards or in a database program - segments that have the same indexing are easily found in the hard copy

Question 31

Willis

Answer 31

``` Links counterculture to various indicators in his studying of working class boys to school - used descriptions and quotations a ```

Question 32

Triangulation

Answer 32

- two sources on the same subject provide greater breadth and depth of knowledge, and hence less chance of error than one source - decrease chance error