Midterm 2- epithelial tissue

Question 1

Name what type of epithelium: alveolus within the lung

Answer 1

simple squamous

Question 2

Name what type of epithelium: Bowman’s capsule in kidney

Answer 2

simple squamous

Question 3

Name what type of epithelium: enothelium within a venule

Answer 3

simple squamous

Question 4

Main function of Simple Squamous epithelium?

Answer 4

very thin tissue, rapid diffusion (single layer of cells)

Question 5

Main function of Simple Cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 5

single layer, central NUCLEUS; absorbtion, secretion

Question 6

Name what type of epithelium: tubules in kidneys

Answer 6

simple cuboidal

Question 7

Name what type of epithelium: follicular cells in thyroid (endocrine gland)

Answer 7

simple cuboidal

Question 8

main distinction of simple columnar

Answer 8

LARGEST cytoplasmic volumes of all epithelia (high organelle density and energy reserves so can be involved in complex secretory/absorption functions)

Question 9

Name what type of epithelium: small intestine lining

Answer 9

simple columnar epithelium with microvilli; 90% of absorption from digestion tract occurs here

Question 10

Name what type of epithelium: ciliated in small bronchioles of respiratory tract/Fallopian tubes of female reproductive tract

Answer 10

ciliated types of simple columnar epithelium

Question 11

What is the name of the cell that is a specialized columnar cell secreting mucous?

Answer 11

goblet cell (unicellular gland) (ex: secretion from these cells into lumen of small intestine)

Question 12

Name what type of epithelium: stomach, small/large intestine, bronchioles, exocrine ducts, large sucts of kidney

Answer 12

simple columnar epithelium

Question 13

Name what type of epithelium: upper and lower respiratory tract (ciliated types)

Answer 13

pseudostratified epithelia

Question 14

Name what type of epithelium: ALL cells reach the basement membrane but not the apical surface

Answer 14

pseudostratified epithelia

Question 15

Name what type of epithelium: ducts of larger glands/male urethra (non-ciliated)

Answer 15

pseudostratified epithelia

Question 16

Explain the role of pseudostratified epithelium cilia in the respiratory tract?

Answer 16

beat in rhythmic manner to propel mucous along surface cells from lower tract “ciliary escalator”

Question 17

Name what type of epithelium: mutiple layers of epithelial cells; have apical and basal layers in addition to apical and basal surfaces for each epithelial cell with in tissue

Answer 17

stratified epithelium

Question 18

Name what type of epithelium: outer layer of skin

Answer 18

stratified squamous keratinized epithelium (SSK)

Question 19

Name what type of epithelium: mucous membrane tissue- oral cavity, palpebral conj., corneal epithelium, esophagus, rectum

Answer 19

stratified squamous NON-keratinized epithelium (SSNK)

Question 20

which type of stratified squamous epithelium is nucleated?

Answer 20

apical tissues in SSNK (NOT in SSK)

Question 21

Where is keratin seen in SSK?

Answer 21

mid-layer tissues

Question 22

Name what type of epithelium: in ducts of glands, two-layer tissue

Answer 22

stratified cuboidal

Question 23

Name what type of epithelium: RARE in human body, only found in isolated places like bulbar conj.

Answer 23

stratified columnar

Question 24

Name what type of epithelium: urinary epithelium (bladder, ureter, portion of urethra), can stretch relative to other types, squamous appearance when distended, cuboidal when not (but with more than 2 layers), dome shape of apical surface when not distended

Answer 24

transitional stratified

Question 25

Hematoxylin-- what kind of stain, what does it stain, color?

Answer 25

basic stain, stains acidic (basophilic) structures, PURPLE | EX: stains nuclei, ribosomes, DNA, rER = composed of nucleic & amino acids

Question 26

Eosin- what kind of stain, what does it stain, color?

Answer 26

acidic stain, stains basic (acidophilic) strucures, RED/PINK | EX: stains collagen in connective tissue

Question 27

What is the external layer of the basement membrane consists of?

Answer 27

basal lamina-- 1. outer lamina lucida 2. inner lamina densa

Question 28

Where are the cell junctions of epithelia?

Answer 28

lateral portion of the cell

Question 29

lateral surface nearest apical surface; anchoring junction

Answer 29

TIGHT junctions (zonula occludens) TO

Question 30

overlapping transmembrane proteins; anchoring junction

Answer 30

BELT junctions (zonula adherens) AB

Question 31

unitizes connexons that allow for direct cell-cell communication

Answer 31

GAP junctions

Question 32

overlapping transmembrane proteins anchored into plaques in the cell membrane; anchoring junction

Answer 32

Desmosomes

Question 33

anchors epithelium to underlying basal lamin

Answer 33

hemidesmosomes

Question 34

where do glands originate?

Answer 34

epithelial cells

Question 35

What is the difference between EXOcrine and ENDOcrine glands?

Answer 35

Exocrine glands secrete directly into a duct and Endocrine glands secrete directly into a blood vessel

Question 36

Name an example of a single celled gland?

Answer 36

GOBLET!