Midterm 2 Terminology

Question 1

Intentional or structured use of conditioning or learning procedures to modify behaviour

Answer 1

Behaviour modification

Question 2

Intentional or structured habituation program

Answer 2

Desensitization

Question 3

Gradual structured habituation

Answer 3

Systematic desensitization

Question 4

Set of reflexes we are born with, not dependent on conditions of our experiences

Answer 4

Unconditioned reflexes

Question 5

Unconditioned stimulus

Answer 5

naturally or involuntarily causes a response

Question 6

Unconditioned response

Answer 6

Unlearned response to an US

Question 7

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 7

Previously neutral stimulus that, once associated with US, eventually triggers a CR

Question 8

Conditioned response

Answer 8

Learned response to the previously neutral stimulus

Question 9

Pleasant unconditioned stimulus

Answer 9

Appetitive

Question 10

Unpleasant unconditioned stimulus

Answer 10

Aversive

Question 11

CR becomes more reliable and grows in magnitude with repeated pairings

Answer 11

Acquisition

Question 12

CS presented without the US, CR becomes weaker in magnitude and occurs less reliably

Answer 12

Extinction

Question 13

CS paired with aversive US leading to negative CR (flinching, freezing)

Answer 13

Conditioned suppression

Question 14

Stimulus or stimuli presented repetitively at full strength

Answer 14

Flooding

Question 15

Learned helplessness

Answer 15

After flooding, animal shows no response but only because there is no escape

Question 16

CS that more or less reliably predicts a US

Answer 16

Excitatory CS

Question 17

CS that more or less reliably predicts NO US

Answer 17

Inhibitory CS

Question 18

Intensity of stimulus, how well it is detected

Answer 18

Salience

Question 19

Pseudoconditioning

Answer 19

CS produces a response that looks like a CR, without any pairing with a US

Question 20

Respondent

Answer 20

Behaviours elicited by specific stimuli

Question 21

Cue used in operant conditioning

Answer 21

Antecedent

Question 22

Consequence that increases the frequency of the behaviour

Answer 22

Reinforcer

Question 23

Consequence that decreases the frequency of behaviour

Answer 23

Punisher

Question 24

Signals reinforcement is coming (e.g. clicker)

Answer 24

Bridging stimulus

Question 25

Bridging stimulus that has taken on the properties of the reinforcement (treat) via classical conditioning

Answer 25

Secondary reinforcer

Question 26

Presentation of an aversive stimulus or removal of a pleasurable stimulus

Answer 26

Punishment

Question 27

Trial and error learning, modify existing behaviour or create new one

Answer 27

Successive approximation

Question 28

Making a "shaped" behaviour part of a sequence of behaviours

Answer 28

Chaining

Question 29

Heterogenous chain

Answer 29

Multiple types of behaviours

Question 30

Homogenous chain

Answer 30

Only one type of behaviour chained

Question 31

Ethogram

Answer 31

Detailed description, list or inventory of all the different kinds of behaviour or activity of a species

Question 32

Causes of sickness behaviour (how), can aid in diagnosis, treatment, prevention

Answer 32

Proximate

Question 33

Why would an animal act sick or not sick

Answer 33

Ultimate

Question 34

Animals response to standard stimuli (e.g pain)

Answer 34

Evoked behaviour

Question 35

State that overwhelms or co-opts other states

Answer 35

Motivational state

Question 36

Dog appears to be in conflict with regard to aggressive tendencies

Answer 36

Conflict aggression

Question 37

Social facilitation

Answer 37

One dog starts barking, which increased the odds that other dogs start

Question 38

An acquired aversion may derive from a food that made the dog sick in the past

Answer 38

Garcia effect

Question 39

Altricial

Answer 39

Helpless at birth

Question 40

Sequence done the exact same way every time

Answer 40

Fixed action pattern

Question 41

Performance of behavioural vices, stereotypes, etc

Answer 41

Active coping

Question 42

Lethargy in animals

Answer 42

Passive coping

Question 43

Animals boundaries, how much physical touch they'll allow

Answer 43

Sensitivity threshold

Question 44

Loss of sense of smell related to upper respiratory illness

Answer 44

Anosmia

Question 45

Extensive hair loss from excessive grooming

Answer 45

Psychogenic alopecia

Question 46

Disordered grooming in dogs

Answer 46

Acral lick dermatitis

Question 47

Anti-anxiety drugs

Answer 47

Anxiolytic

Question 48

Sickness behaviour

Answer 48

Well recognized, clinical signs of disease commonly used in diagnosis Adaptive response that may enhance resistance, facilitate recovery or avoid transmission in population