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Emergency Care > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

ABC

A

Airway. Breathing. Circulation

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1
Q

Sequence of events after injury occurs on field

A 
Scene size up
Type of incident
Primary assessment 
Physical exam 
Patients medical history
On going assessment
Hand off report
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2
Q

AVPU

A

Alert. Verbal. Pain. Unresponsive

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3
Q

SX3

A

Severe bleeding. Shock. Spinal cord injury

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4
Q

What is a sign?

A

Something you can see

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5
Q

What is a symptom?

A

Something they have to tell you

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6
Q

Vital signs

A

Respiration rate
Pulse
BP
temperature

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7
Q

Normal pulse rate

A

60-90

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8
Q

Tachycardia

A

Pulse hits 100

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9
Q

Bradycardia

A

Anything below 60 BPM (become symptomatic at 50)

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10
Q

Blood pressure equipment

A

Sphygmomanometer

Stethoscope

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11
Q

Systolic

A

Pressure when the heart contracts

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12
Q

Diastolic

A

Rebound/ relaxing pressure

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13
Q

Tympanic body temp

A

Go down half to a full degree

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14
Q

Rectal body temp

A

Go up half to full degree

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15
Q

PEARL

A

Pupils Equal And Reactive to Light

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16
Q

Jugular vein distension

A

Heart or vascular issue is occurring

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17
Q

Paradoxical motion

A

One side of chest only expanding

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18
Q

PMS (for extremity testing)

A

Pulse. Motor. Sensation

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19
Q

Take vitals every _____ minutes

A

15

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20
Q

If unstable take vitals every ____ minutes

A

5

21
Q

TBI

A

Traumatic brain injury

22
Q

CHI

A

Closed head injury

23
Q

Hematoma

A

Bruising within the brain; collection of blood

24
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Actively bleeding within your meninges

25
Q

Countrecoup concussion

A

Happens on opposite side of injury

26
Q

Coup concussion

A

Directly under the point of contact

27
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Dura separates from skull

S&S: altered LOC (lucid interval), dilated pupils, neuro deficits, nausea/ vomiting

28
Q

Subdural hematoma

A

Underneath the dura mater
May take 24-48 hours to present

S&S: fluctuating mental status, headaches

Tx: possible neurosurgery

29
Q

Skull fracture

A

S&S: concussive symptoms, CSF, palpable depression, raccoon eyes, battle sign

30
Q

Concussion

A

Closed head injury with loss of brain function

31
Q

Cantu concussion grading scale

A

Grade 1, 2, 3

Based off how long symptoms last loss if consciousness and for how long

32
Q

Simple concussion

A

Resolved complication within 7-10 days
Limited play until asymptomatic
Rest- light exercise- sport specific training- non contact- contact- game
MD eval mandated

33
Q

Complex concussion

A 
Symptoms persist longer than 7-10 days
Loss of consciousness under a minute
Convulsive motion/ posturing 
Prolonged cognitive impairment 
Suggest referral to MD/ neurologist
34
Q

Glasgow coma scale for eyes

A

4: spontaneously
3: to speech
2: to pain
1: no response

35
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Arteries narrows causing decrease elasticity if vessels and occlusion of the lumen; limits blood flow to the coronary artery

36
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain

Stable: increases work load of the heart, increases stress, relieved my rest and nitro

Unstable: RED FLAG

37
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Coronary artery spasm

Lupus and RA

38
Q

Dysrhythmias

A

Not having steady breathing; lots of different causes

39
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

This is triggered by strep throat and it occurs in 3-5% untreated strep cases

40
Q

Myocarditis can happen from….

A

Playing with a cold

41
Q

Presenting signs of heart issue

A

Sudden death
Shortness of breath
Unexplained syncope
Chest pain

42
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Autosomal dominant inherited disorder; left side of heart is bigger than the right throwing off the flow of the heart

43
Q

Right ventricular dysplasia

A

Fatty tissue and fibrin deposit in the right ventricle

Right ventricle enlarges, dilates and leads to arrhythmias

44
Q

Long QT syndrome

A

Hank gathers
Inherited disorder
Sudden

45
Q

Mitral valve prolapse

A

Mitral regurgitation

46
Q

Concentric LVH

A

Result of longstanding uncontrolled hypertension

Symmetrical hypertrophy

47
Q

Commotion cordis

A

Blunt injury to chest interrupting the electrical activity of the heart

48
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A

Flo Hyman
Hereditary connective tissue disease with structural anomalies of the cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular systems
Death by aortic rupture

49
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Collapsed lung

50
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood collects in the pleural space

51
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

Increased pressure within the chest cavity
Lung collapse

Major sign: tracheal deviation

Emergency Care (1 decks)

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