Midterm!

Question 0

Which parts of the spleen counts for activation of the immune competent cells?
A. Red pulp
B. Cortical pulp
C. Medullar pulp
D. White pulp

Answer 0

White pulp

Question 1

True or False. Rise in body temperature is the result of production of pyrogens

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which one of the following theories of antibody synthesis is established by professor Burnet?
A. The clonal selection theory
B. Selective theory
C. Side chain theory
D. None of the above

Answer 2

A. The Clonal selection theory

Question 3

The role of the microphage during an antibody response is to...
A. Make antibody
B. Lyse virus infected cells
C. Activate T-cells
D. Present antigen
E. C and D

Answer 3

E. C and D

Question 4

Which one of the cells is known as granular leukocytes?
A. Basophils 
B. Monocytes
C. Lymphocytes
D. Macrophages

Answer 4

A. Basophils

Question 5

The founders of (*) cell mediated immunity and (**) humoral immunity correspondingly are…
A. * Elie Metchnikoff **Emil Von Behring
B. * Emil Von Behring ** Paul Ehrlich
C. * Lois Pasteur ** Emil Von Behring
D. * Elie Metchnioff ** Edward Jenner

Answer 5

A. Elie Metchnikoff; Emil Von Behring

Question 6

Blood concentration of the following white blood cells is increased in the presence of parasitic infection in the body?
A. Lymphocytes 
B. Neutrophils
C. Monocytes 
D. Eosinophils

Answer 6

D. Eosinophils

Question 7

Which of the following cells in NOT considered a phagocytic one?
A. Eosinophils
B. Monocytes
C. Mast cells 
D. Neutrophils

Answer 7

C. Mast cells

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct name of the thymus accounting for secretion of the thymic hormone?
A. Germinal cells
B. Nurse cells
C. Medullar cells
D. Cortical cells

Answer 8

B. Nurse cells

Question 9

Microglial cells represent which of the following cells fixated in brain tissue?
A. Lymphocytes 
B. Basophils
C. Eosinophils 
D. Macrophages

Answer 9

D. Macrophages

Question 10

GALT is composed of lymphoid tissue in...
A. Gastrointestinal tracts 
B. Brain membrane
C. Respiratory tracts 
D. Endocardium

Answer 10

A. Gastrointestinal tracts

Question 11

T cells are important in controlling...
A. Virus infection
B. Allergy 
C. Autoimmunity 
D. All of the above

Answer 11

D. All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following scientists and physicians was the first to produce a vaccine for rabies?
A. Lois Pasteur
B. Edward Jenner 
C. Paul Ehrlich
D.  Emil Von Behring

Answer 12

A. Lois Pasteur

Question 13

As the person aged, red marrow is gradually replaced by...... And the cellular activity of the marrow declines.
A. B cells
B. T cells
C. Yellow marrow 
D. B&C

Answer 13

C. Yellow marrow

Question 14

Nonspecific host defense is associated with....
A. Feces
B. Blood
C. Pus
D. Mucous membranes

Answer 14

D. Mucous membrane

Question 15

Leukocytes with no identifiable membrane markers, that fight against cancer cells and virally infected cells are.....
A. Plasma cells
B. B cells
C. Natural killer cells
D. Macrophage

Answer 15

C. Natural killer cells

Question 16

Systemic signs of inflammation is....
A. Heat 
B. Swelling
C. Fever
D. All of the above

Answer 16

C. Fever

Question 17

An example of a nonspecific mechanical barrier to infection is...
A. Coughing 
B. Sneezing
C. Cilia in respiratory tract
D. All of the above

Answer 17

D. All of the above

Question 18

Which nonspecific host defense is associated with the trachea? 
A. Lacrimation
B. Ciliary lining
C. Lactic acid
D. None of the above

Answer 18

D. None of the above

Question 19

Which part of the lymph node has both T cells and B cells?
A. Cortex 
B. Paracortex
C. Medulla
D. Red pulp

Answer 19

C. Medulla

Question 20

Which of the following is not a lymphoid tissue?
A. Spleen 
B. Thyroid gland
C. Lymph node 
D. GALT

Answer 20

A. Spleen

Question 21

Which of the following inflammatory signs specifies swelling?
A. Tumor
B. Dolor
C. Calor
D. Rubor

Answer 21

A. Tumor

Question 22

The initial stages of T lymphocyte precursors (tymocytes) development are under the influence of \_\_\_\_\_ cytokine
A. Interleukin 7
B. Interleukin 3
C. Interleukin 4
D. B and C

Answer 22

A. Interleukin 7

Question 23

An inflammatory mediator that stimulates vasodilation is....
A. Prostaglandins
B. Collagen
C. Complement
D. Interferon

Answer 23

A. Prostaglandins

Question 24

``` ............... Is an exogenous pyrogen A. Interleukin 1 B. Complement C. Interferon D. Endotoxin ```

Answer 24

D. Endotoxin

Question 25

Immunologic memory refers to the ability of the immune system to.... A. Recognize millions of different antigens B. Reacts with millions of different antigens C. Migrate from the blood vessel into the tissues D. Recall a previous immune response

Answer 25

D. Recall a previous immune response

Question 26

``` Which subset of WBCs account for acquired specific immunity? A. Macrophages B. T cells C. B cells D. Both B and C ```

Answer 26

B. T cells

Question 27

``` In humans, the B cells mature is the (*) .... And T cells mature in the (**).... A. *GALT **liver B. *bursa **thymus C. *bone marrow **thymus D. *lymph nodes **spleen ```

Answer 27

C. Bone marrow ; thymus

Question 28

``` Which part of the spleen is responsible to respond to T independent antigen such as polysaccharide? A. PALS (periarteiolar lymphoid sheaths) B. Marginal zone C. Germinal center D. Red pulp ```

Answer 28

B. Marginal zone

Question 29

``` Which type of cell actually secrets antibody? A. T cells B. Macrophages C. Plasma cells D. Monocytes ```

Answer 29

C. Plasma cells

Question 30

Your patient is a child who has no detectable T or B cells. The immunodeficiency is most probably the result of a defect in... A. The thymus B. The bursal equivalent C. T cells-B cells interaction D. Stem cells originating in the bone marrow

Answer 30

D. Stem cells originating in the bone marrow

Question 31

``` What is the function of Th-2 cells? A. B cells activation and antibody production B. Complement activation C. Type four allergic reaction D. Cytotoxic activity ```

Answer 31

A. B cell activation and antibody production

Question 32

``` A bi-lobed organ that rests above the heart and it's size is greatest proportionately at birth and it continues to grow and increase its activity until puberty is... A. Liver B. Thymus C. Bone marrow D. Lymph nodes ```

Answer 32

B. Thymus

Question 33

``` In which lymphatic organ antigens will be presented to T cells and B cells? A. Liver B. Thymus C. Bone marrow D. Spleen ```

Answer 33

D. Spleen

Question 34

``` Which of the following T cells is a major cytokine-producer? A. T helper (TH) cells B. T cytotoxic (TC) cells C. T suppressor (TS) cells D. Delayed hypersensitivity (TD) cells ```

Answer 34

A. T helper (TH) cells

Question 35

``` Which of the following white blood cells can initiate long lasting immunity? A. Memory T cells B. Memory B cells C. memory T and B cells D. Dendritic cells ```

Answer 35

C. Memory T and B cells

Question 36

``` Thromopoietin stimulates development of.... A. T cells B. Macrophages C. Plasma cells D. Platelets ```

Answer 36

D. Platelets

Question 37

Important characteristics of acquired (adaptive) responses are.... A. Having the ability to respond to millions of different antigens B. Having actions that are specifically directed against the antigens C. Having the ability to respond many years after the initial exposure D. A, B, &C

Answer 37

D. A, B, &C

Question 38

``` IFN (gamma) can be produced by... A. T cells B. Macrophages C. Natural killer cells D. A and C ```

Answer 38

D. A and C

Question 39

``` Gastric secretions secrete..... environment in the stomach that inhibits the growth of and kills many microbes. A. A low temperature B. A low pH (2) C. A high pH D. A high temperature ```

Answer 39

B. A low pH (2)