Midterm Flashcards
(93 cards)
1
Q
Machiavelli
A
(The Prince)
“It’s better to be feared than loved”
2
Q
Erasmus
A
Northern humanist who placed more emphasis on religion
3
Q
Thomas More
A
(Utopia)
4
Q
Leonardo da Vinci
A
Mona Lisa
5
Q
Gutenberg
A
Inventor of the printing press
6
Q
Triangular Trade
A
slaves, gold, spices
7
Q
Define “Humanism”
A
more scientific, scientific, value of the individual, studied philosophy, classics
8
Q
Renaissance caused what events?
A
The reformation, revolutions, enlightenment
9
Q
Where did the enlightenment begin? Why?
A
Florence, roman ruins
10
Q
Effects of the printing press
A
literacy, news spread faster, ideas, cheaper books
11
Q
How did the attitudes of the renaissance differ from those of the middle ages?
A
people should be good at many things, not just one, less religion, YOLO
12
Q
The columbian exchange
A
americas, europe, africa and asia. mostly food, livestock, and disease
13
Q
Ferdinand Magellen
A
Proved the earth was round
14
Q
Christopher Columbus
A
Spanish explorer
15
Q
2 conquistadors
A
Pizzaro and cortez
16
Q
mercantilism
A
govn. had control of foreign trade (wealth is how much gold you have)
17
Q
Causes/Motivations of age of discovery
A
wealth, fame, trade
18
Q
Portugal
A
Began age of discovery
19
Q
Spain
A
had the largest empire in the americas
20
Q
How was the economy of Europe changed due to the age of discovery
A
encouraged capitalism and mercantilism
21
Q
what things permitted conquistadors to conquer the aztecs and the incas with only asmall number of men?
A
horses, guns, steel, germs
22
Q
what were the positive changes of the printing revolution?
A
more literate people
23
Q
According to Luther, how is salvation achieved?
A
faith in god
24
Q
According to Luther, what is the source of religious truth?
A
the bible
25
Who translated the bible? where and when?
Martin Luther, Fredrick the wises castle, 1400's
26
why did henry the 8th split from the catholic church?
to divorce his wife
27
Annul
to divorce
28
theocracy
god is supreme leader
29
how is change accomplished in a democracy?
through voting and elections
30
why did luther write the 95 thesis?
to spread the truth about the catholic church
31
what happened as a result of luther's excommunication
he started Lutheranism
32
what were the results of peace of augsburg 1555
princes got to choose religion
33
John calvin and predestination
god knowsif you will go to heaven or hell the minute you are born
34
earth centered
geocentric
35
who had geocentric ideas
ptolemy and aristotle
36
development that led to the scientific revoltution
renaissance humanists searching for truth about natural world, monarchs needing better weapons, technological advancements needed for exploration
37
Copernicus
heliocentric view of the universe
38
sun centered
heliocentric
39
kepler
elliptical pattern of the planets orbit
40
galileo
used telescope to prove heliocentric view but but was forced by the church to repent
41
francis bacon
use of the scientific method to solve problems
42
over time the power and authority of the church declined
effects of the scientific revolution
43
an increase in the use of inductive thinking with the scientific method
effects of the scientific revolution
44
an increase in the use of reasoning and skepticism
effects of the scientific revolution
45
a decline in supersticion, magic, and witches
effects of the scientific revolution
46
a change in belief oh how the universe worked and discoveries in medicine, physics, and biology.
effects of the scientific revolution
47
divine right
right to rule given by god
48
centralized power
all power to monarch
49
constitutional monarchy
monarchs rights limited to constitution
50
queen elizabeth
ruled england harshly through limiting freedom of speech and imprisoning enemies. commanded military to defeat spanish armanda.
51
magna carta
given to king of england to sign saying power needs to be shared
52
english bill of rights
an act declaring rights of subjects
53
louis XIV
lavish, spent all money on versailles(castle)
54
what does locke believe should be governments purpose?
to protect the social contract (natural rights)
55
main ideas of the enlightenment
free speech, humanism
56
glorious revolution
monarchy overthrown by people peacefully.
57
main idea on Lockes second treatise on government
natural rights, people can overthrow govn. if needed
58
social contract
giving up state of nature for govn,
59
state of nature
how things were before govn. (complete freedom)
60
voltaire
believed in freedom of speech
61
laissez faire
hands off
62
law of supply and demand
If demand increases and supply remains unchanged, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.
If demand decreases and supply remains unchanged, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price.
If demand remains unchanged and supply increases, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price.
If demand remains unchanged and supply decreases, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.
If demand increases and supply remains unchanged, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.
If demand decreases and supply remains unchanged, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price.
If demand remains unchanged and supply increases, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price.
If demand remains unchanged and supply decreases, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.
63
hobbes
believed everyone was bad, needs a controlled govn. and an absolute monarchy
64
social, political, and economic inequalities of the old order which the 3rd estate hated
cause of the french revolution
65
govn debt due to wars and versailles
cause of the french revolution
66
spread of enlightenment ideas
cause of the french revolution
67
poor harvest and shortage of bread leading to high prices
cause of the french revolution
68
storming of the bastille
start of the french revolution
69
tennis court oath
part of the estates general broke away to form the national assembly when voting issues couldnt be resolved
70
slogan of the french revolution
liberty, equality, fraternatiy!
71
why do revolutions occur?
when people feel their govn isnt meeting their political or economic needs
72
rise in nationalism (throughout Europe)
result of the french revolution
73
end of old order
result of the french revolution
74
spread of revolution to latin america
result of the french revolution
75
napoleans legacy
napoleonic code
76
congress of vienna was made to
balence power, holy allience, return monarchs to throne
77
napoleans mistakes
invadng russia, underestamating the power of nationalism, misreading the mood of the spanish peasants
78
what resources did britian have that allowed them to industrialize first?
iron and coal
79
importance of the steam engine
helped transportation, and made technology advance
80
urbanization
the moving of people to cities
81
labor union
better workers rights
82
karl marx and marxism
the father of communism, new way of thinking, no class structures
83
laissez faire capatilism
no govn in economics, shop owners control it
84
interchangable parts
nobody had to build things from scratch, made technology much better
85
tenement
houses on houses for poor people and factory workers
86
how did the sewage system change the lifes of the people living in cities
no more sewage on streets, less illness right at their feet
87
nationalism
the pride a country has for itself
88
examples of nationalism
flags, anthems
89
effects of nationalism
country more connected, violent
90
otto van bismarck
german chancellor, blood and iron
91
giuseppe garibaldi
italian general and politician
92
giuseppe garibaldi and otto van bismarck both..
connected their countries
93
why was it so difficult for italy to unify
ethical differences
