MIDTERM Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
1. After Vasco da Gama circumnavigated the continent of Africa in 1498, Portugal was able to open up direct trade relations with what Asian nation? A. India B. Malaysia C. Japan D. Korea
A
A. India
2
Q
- In the sixteenth century, Portugal became involved in Ethiopia and brought with them _________ missionaries who threatened the Ethiopian church.
A. Anglican
B. Dominican
C. Jesuit
D. Lutheran
A
C. Jesuit
3
Q
- Why did Portugal build trade forts on the West African coast, rather than go into the interior to trade?
A. Expeditions into the interior were too expensive because native guides had to be hired. B. The Portuguese were afraid of the interior, because they had heard tales of monsters. C. Africans suggested the Portuguese stay on the coast because African rivers were un-navigable. D. The Portuguese were vulnerable to native weapons and native African defensive use of boats.
A
D. The Portuguese were vulnerable to native weapons and native African defensive use of boats
4
Q
- Prior to 1800, most interregional trade was for
A. basic foodstuffs.
B. arms and armor.
C. luxury goods.
D. livestock.
A
C. luxury goods
5
Q
- The American plantation slave system was an adaptation of the agricultural estate slave system first developed by
A. the British.
B. Byzantines.
C. Portugal.
A
B. Byzantines.
6
Q
- Eighty percent of all African slaves transported to the Americas work on ________ plantations.
A. tobacco
B. banana
C. sugar
D. cotton
A
C. sugar
7
Q
- By the eighteenth century, slave status in the Americas was defined by
A. race.
B. physical strength.
C. wealth.
D. education.
A
A. race.
8
Q
- The native populations of the Caribbean, the Tainos and Caribs, were wiped out soon after the arrival of Europeans, who brought with them
A. bubonic plague.
B. influenza.
C. syphilis.
D. smallpox.
A
D. smallpox.
9
Q
- In 1511 the Spanish brought the first African slaves to the Americas, to work
A. on sugar plantations.
B. building ships.
C. mining gold.
D. growing tobacco.
A
A. on sugar plantations.
10
Q
- What did the “letters of marquee” give European sailors legal permission to do?
A. Marry native women in America.
B. Transport African slaves.
C. Attack ships of rival states.
D. Establish monopolies on trade goods.
A
C. Attack ships of rival states.
11
Q
- In 1655 the British seized what Spanish colony in the Americas, along with its sugar production?
A. Hispaniola
B. Jamaica
C. Brazil
D. Mexico
A
B. Jamaica
12
Q
- What became the largest slave state in the world, and the destination of over half of all African slaves?
A. Jamaica
B. Mexico
C. Carolinas
D. Brazil
A
D. Brazil
13
Q
- The English colony of Jamestown almost collapsed as an enterprise, until tobacco was imported from ___________ and grown there.
A
Caribbean
14
Q
14. In the seventeenth century the Carolina colony was a major supplier of what essential naval items? A. salt B. hemp C. tar D. brass
A
C. tar
15
Q
- South Carolina separated from North Carolina in 1719 in response to a war between English settlers and
A. African slaves.
B. Native Americans.
C. French colonists.
D. Spanish privateers.
A
B. Native Americans.
16
Q
- In the late eighteenth century cotton began to be grown on the Sea Islands, off the coast of what English colony in North America?
A. South Carolina
B. North Carolina
C. Virginia
D. Georgia
A
D. Georgia
17
Q
- The Navigation Acts of 1651 and 1660 required all goods transported from England to American colonies to be
A. transported on English ships.
B. paid for with English coins.
C. taxed at half the rate of foreign goods.
D. inspected at ports for smuggled products.
A
A. transported on English ships.
18
Q
- What English port benefitted the most from the Atlantic System?
A. Bristol
B. Liverpool
C. London
D. Norfolk
A
B. Liverpool
19
Q
- When African slaves were “danced” during the Middle Passage, what was being done to them?
A. They were being trained for fieldwork.
B. They were being whipped to break their spirits.
C. They were being exercised to keep them healthy.
D. They were being examined for physical fitness.
A
C. They were being exercised to keep them healthy.
20
Q
- Located on islands off the coast of Georgia, Gullah was an example of a
A. slave market.
B. creole language.
C. Africanized Christianity.
D. freed slave society.
A
B. creole language.
21
Q
- The banjo was originally played in ___________ and transported to the Americas with slaves.
A. West Africa
B. Morocco
C. Ethiopia
D. Swahili city-states
A
A. West Africa
22
Q
- A key ingredient in Louisiana “creole” cooking is the ___________, a vegetable from Africa and used is commonly used in gumbos.
A. yams
B. taro
C. zucchini
D. okra
A
D. okra
23
Q
- Why did plantation owners put tar on their fences in the Carolina colonies?
A. To prevent birds from perching and stealing grain.
B. To identify the crops grown in particular fields.
C. To mark runaway slaves who climbed over.
D. To keep predators from attacking field slaves.
A
C. To mark runaway slaves who climbed over.
24
Q
- Slaves had many ways of subtly rebelling against the slave system, such as work stoppages or sabotaging equipment.
A. True
B. False
A
A. True
25
25. Islam expanded into the Central Asian Turkic peoples by the fourteenth century thanks to the ease of travel within what empire?
A. Mughal
B. Ottoman
C. Mongol
D. Safavid
C. Mongol
26
26. What city did Timur-i lang use as a capital, and as a base for Silk Road trade?
A. Baghdad
B. Samarqand
C. Nicopolis
D. Damascus
B. Samarqand
27
27. Before he died, Timur-i lang was preparing to invade
A. Japan.
B. Europe.
C. Egypt.
D. Ming China
D. Ming China
28
28. Although Babur’s forces at the battle of Panipat were outnumbered, he had what technological advantage?
A. muskets
B. crossbows
C. revolvers
D. catapults
A. muskets
29
29. Humayun, the son of Babur, was distracted from his duties as ruler of the Mughal Empire by his interest in Islamic ____________ mysticism.
Answer: Sufi
30
In order to reclaim his empire, Humayun fled to Persia and converted to
A. Christianity
B. Zoroastrianism
C. Sunni Islam
D. Shiite Islam
D. Shiite Islam
31
31. Under Akbar the Great the Mughals built fortresses at key points in their empire, including the largest fortress at
A. Lahore.
B. Agra.
C. Delhi.
D. Allahabad.
B. Agra.
32
32. Why was the monumental city of Fatehpur Sikri abandoned by Akbar and the Mughals?
A. It was attacked by Uighurs.
B. The city was flooded by the Indus.
C. There was not enough water for it.
D. The red sandstone buildings collapsed.
C. There was not enough water for it.
33
33. Although his regular capital was at Agra, Akbar used Lahore as his capital for over thirteen years because of unrest in what region?
A. Afghanistan
B. Kashmir
C. Gujurat
D. Malwa
A. Afghanistan
34
34. What did Jahangir do to the supporters of his son Khusrau during the latter’s first rebellion in 1605?
A. blinded and exiled them
B. impaled them
C. rewarded them with new titles
D. forced them onto labor crews
B. impaled them
35
35. Shah Jahan spent much of his reign trying to recapture Kandahar, Afghanistan, which had been taken from Mughal control by ___________.
Answer: Safavids
36
36. Where was Shah Jahan when he died and his son Aurangzeb inherited the Mughal Empire?
A. Under house arrest by his son Aurangzeb.
B. Laying siege to Kandahar, to recapture it from the Safavids.
C. On pilgrimage to Mecca, with his son Aurangzeb.
D. In exile at the Safavid court, learning about Shiite Islam.
A. Under house arrest by his son Aurangzeb.
37
37. During the reign of Aurangzeb, the British East India Company and other European interests expanded their ___________ in India.
A. colonies
B. fortified outposts
C. popularity
D. investments in schools
B. fortified outposts
38
38. To promote the Islamification of India, Aurangzeb brought back the jiziya, a head-tax on
A. unmarried men.
B. army deserters
C. non-Muslims
D. Persians and Shiites
C. non-Muslims
39
39. The jiziya was so unpopular that in addition to popular protests, some people converted to Islam to escape it.
A. True
B. False
A. True
40
40. Bombay was an important acquisition by the British East India Company because it gave the company
A. an established fort.
B. control over the Silk Road.
C. dominion over the Marathas.
D. a good harbor.
D. a good harbor.
41
41. Match the European nation with the fortified base they controlled.
_______ Portugal A. Bombay
_______ Great Britain B. Pondicherry
_______ France C. Goa
_C.Goa_ Portugal A. Bombay
_A. Bombay_ Great Britain B. Pondicherry
_B. Pondicherry_ France C. Goa
42
42. Mansabdars were a class of elite bureaucrats who served the Mughal emperor by sometimes furnishing soldiers for war and by their primary function,
A. spying on other nobles.
B. creating new law.
C. collecting taxes.
D. patrolling the Maratha border.
C. collecting taxes.
43
43. In the fourteenth and fifteenth century, China’s population dropped from 100 to 60 million, largely due to
A. war with the Mongols.
B. famine from drought.
C. Black Death.
D. civil war
C. Black Death.
44
44. Many of the new crops introduced into China from the Columbian Exchange were acquired from the Spanish through ports in ___________, reflected in the names for those items.
A. Japan
B. Philippines
C. Malaysia
D. Korea
B. Philippines
45
45. One reason why China took the lead in producing and exporting luxury goods such as porcelain, tea, and silk was that the policy of Japan and Korea until 1800 was to
A. be secluded from trade.
B. trade only with China.
C. trade only manufactured goods.
D. only trade goods for gold.
A. be secluded from trade.
46
46. In the “single-whip” tax system of Ming China, land taxes had to be paid in
A. labor services.
B. food stuffs.
C. silver coins.
D. firewood.
C. silver coins.
47
47. In the Qing Banner System, which group operated under the “Armies of the Green Standard”?
A. Manchu
B. Mongol
C. Korean
D. Chinese
D. Chinese
48
48. In the Sino-Manchu Dyarchy, how did the Manchus ensure their representation in the Chinese bureaucracy?
A. Made all Chinese bureaucrats speak and read only Manchu.
B. Set quotas so that a certain number of Manchus were guaranteed to pass.
C. Exiled all Chinese administrators to Tibet.
D. Imported Manchu Buddhist scholars to reform the government.
Answer: B
B. Set quotas so that a certain number of Manchus were guaranteed to pass.
49
49. When Dorgon issued the Queue edict, what did he think forcing Chinese men to adopt the queue would show?
A. loyalty to Qing emperor
B. Chinese pride
C. Buddhist education
D. Filial piety
A. loyalty to Qing emperor
50
50. One immediate way for a Chinese man to show his rejection of Qing rule, such as during the Taiping Rebellion of 1851-1864, was to
A. call the Qing emperor “Manchu.”
B. refuse to learn Manchu.
C. cut off his queue.
D. desert from his banner unit.
C. cut off his queue.
51
51. In the Qing re-ordering of the Chinese imperial government, it was the Grand ____________ duty to advise the emperor on matters of policy and to put policies into effect.
Answer: Secretariat
52
52. The Qing approach to quelling any rebellions on its periphery including finally defeating the Mongols in the 1720, in a strategy known as “using __________ to check barbarians.”
A. swords
B. barbarians
C. love
D. reason
B. barbarians
53
53. In 1727, what border area became a protectorate of Qing China, and its traditional Buddhist leader allowed to remain in power as an approved leader?
A. Mongolia
B. Korea
C. Ceylon
D. Tibet
D. Tibet
54
54. Who were the “Folangqi,” first encountered by the Chinese in the mid-sixteenth century?
A. Arabs
B. Dutch
C. Portuguese
D. Franciscans
C. Portuguese
55
55. What was the first, and longest-lived, European colony in China?
A. Macao
B. Hong Kong
C. Canton
D. Calicut
A. Macao
56
56. The first European traders to reach China in the sixteenth century were viewed with disdain by the Chinese officials, because
A. they immediately attacked a Chinese bureaucrat.
B. the Portuguese introduced the Black Death into China.
C. China’s Arab allies spoke poorly of the Europeans.
D. Confucianist had always looked down upon merchants.
D. Confucianist had always looked down upon merchants.
57
57. Catholic missionaries China set up their headquarters in 1549 in what city?
A. Beijing
B. Malacca
C. Keifeng
D. Shanghai
B. Malacca
58
58. Matteo Ricci and Ferdinand Verbiest are two examples of what kind of European interest in China?
A. Catholic missionary
B. trade
C. military invasion
D. diplomacy
A. Catholic missionary
59
59. The Qing Kangxi emperor was so impressed with Jesuit science that he appointed a Jesuit missionary to be his official court astronomer.
A. True
B. False
A. True
60
60. Although silk remained important, Europeans in the eighteenth century became increasingly interested in importing what from China?
A. cotton
B. tobacco
C. slaves
D. tea
D. tea
61
61. In 1763 Britain needed to raise taxes on its colonies in order to cover its expenses from losing the Seven Years’ War.
A. True
B. False
B. False
62
62. By 1763 the original thirteen colonies were expanding west into what valley?
A. Mississippi
B. Missouri
C. Ohio
D. St. Lawrence
C. Ohio
63
63. Who was killed in the Boston in 1770 during the Boston Massacre?
A. British troops
B. Iroquois diplomats
C. African slaves
D. American colonists
D. American colonists
64
64. American colonists objected to paying the tax on tea because they knew the tax was really a subsidy for
A. British East India Company.
B. George III’s mistresses.
C. Continental Congress.
D. British navy.
A. British East India Company.
65
65. Paul Revere’s famous midnight ride was undertaken in response to the British army’s attempt to seize what from the colonists in Concord, Massachusetts?
A. collected taxes on tea
B. weapons and ammunition
C. a slave market
D. contraband paper
B. weapons and ammunition
66
66. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson were both from wealthy planter families located in what colony?
A. Massachusetts
B. Georgia
C. Pennslyvania
D. Virginia
D. Virginia
67
67. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense drew on examples from what tradition?
A. legal
B. biblical
C. Roman
D. Iroquois
B. biblical
68
68. The American Constitution created an effective federal system, and provided amendments to address Enlightenment ideals, but avoided any definitive statements on what divisive issue?
A. women’s rights
B. taxation
C. slavery
D. Native American lands
C. slavery
69
69. In the 1700s, as population increased and inflation rose, France was increasingly unable to get any profits out of its Caribbean colonies, adding to the economic burden.
A. True
B. False
B. False
70
70. The French state prior to 1788 had various ways to finance itself, from taxes to collecting money by selling
A. lands of the Catholic Church.
B. rights to name new colonies.
C. licenses to leave the country.
D. titles and offices to the nobility.
D. titles and offices to the nobility.
71
71. The economic causes of the French Revolution are tied to bad harvests in 1786-87 and to crippling debt from loaning money to
A. American revolutionaries.
B. British Parliament.
C. Haitian plantation owners.
D. Austrian imperial family.
A. American revolutionaries.
72
72. Where did the Estates General of 1788 meet, at King Louis XVI’s command?
A. Paris
B. Rome
C. Versailles
D. Marseille
C. Versailles
73
73. In 1789 the Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath, promising to meet until they had
A. overthrown the king to create a republic.
B. sent Marie Antoinette back to Austria.
C. reform the French Catholic Church.
D. create a new constitution.
D. create a new constitution.
74
74. What did Parisians hope to find in the Bastille, which they attacked on July 14, 1789?
A. state prisoners.
B. weapons.
C. bread and wine.
D. the king in hiding.
B. weapons.
75
75. Match the following events with the stage in the French Revolution in which it occurred. Each stage will be used more than once.
_______ Cult of Supreme Being created
A.Stage I, 1789-1792
_______ Napoleon invades Egypt
B. Stage II, 1792-1795
_______ Paris Women March on Versailles
C. Stage III, 1795-1799
_______ Napoleon overthrows the Directory
_______ Louis XVI executed
_______ Thermodorean Reaction
_______ Great Fear
_______ Names of the months changed
___A___ Cult of Supreme Being created
A.Stage I, 1789-1792
___C___ Napoleon invades Egypt
B. Stage II, 1792-1795
___A___ Paris Women March on Versailles
C. Stage III, 1795-1799
___C___ Napoleon overthrows the Directory
___B___ Louis XVI executed
___B___ Thermodorean Reaction
___A___ Great Fear
___B___ Names of the months changed
76
76. One of the authors of the “Rights of Man and of the Citizen” was the Marquis de Lafayette, who had previously fought in
A. American Revolution.
B. Seven Years’ War.
C. War of Austrian Succession.
D. Napoleon’s War in Russia.
A. American Revolution.
77
77. Austria threatened to declare war on France in 1791 because it feared the revolution would spread there and because of what direct link between the two countries?
A. King Louis XVI had been educated in Austria.
B. The French monarchy owed Austria huge debts.
C. Queen Maria Antoinette was Austrian.
D. The guillotine had been invented in Austria.
C. Queen Maria Antoinette was Austrian.
78
78. In the new calendar system devised by Robespierre and the sans-culottes, a week was divided into how many days?
A. Seven
B. Three
C. Five
D. Ten
D. Ten
79
79. Who was overthrown in the Thermidorean Reaction of 1794?
A. Napoleon
B. Louis XVI
C. Robespierre
D. the Directory
C. Robespierre
80
80. Why was Voltaire imprisoned in the Bastille when he was young?
A. He stole food to feed his dying mother.
B. He insulted an aristocrat who had him imprison without trial.
C. He was arrested for writing atheistic diatribes against Catholicism.
D. He was a sexual profligate who kept several mistresses.
B. He insulted an aristocrat who had him imprison without trial.
81
81. After the death of his companion Emile du Chatelet, Voltaire went to live in Prussia at the invitation of
A. Frederick the Great.
B. Immanuel Kant.
C. Friedrich Schiller.
D. Catherine the Great.
A. Frederick the Great.
82
82. Why did the Encyclopédie of Diderot have to be published in secret?
A. Diderot was concerned that other writers might try to copy his ideas.
B. It was published during the French Revolution’s dangerous Reign of Terror.
C. Diderot had swindled his subscribers out of money and was afraid of being caught.
D. The Encyclopédie had been banned the French monarchy and the Catholic Church.
D. The Encyclopédie had been banned the French monarchy and the Catholic Church.
83
83. Rousseau was an atheist, and believed that man was act his best when he existed in a natural state before he was corrupted by religious systems.
A. True
B. False
B. False
84
84. What was the basic principle of the Physiocrat economists of the eighteenth century?
A. Economies should be based on freedom and equality.
B. All natural resources must be regulated by the state.
C. Governments should regulate labor but not trade.
D. Economic freedom means charging any price one wants
A. Economies should be based on freedom and equality.
85
85. According to Adam Smith, the market should be left free of restrictions and allowed to regulate itself by the forces of _________________.
A. religious piety.
B. supply and demand.
C. military might.
D. government interference.
B. supply and demand.
86
86. Mozart wrote many pieces of music for what fraternal organization that became very popular with various Enlightenment thinkers?
A. Knights of Columbus
B. the Templars
C. Teutonic Knights
D. Freemasons
D. Freemasons
87
87. Why did Beethoven remove the dedication to Napoleon from is Eroica symphony?
A. Napoleon was defeated in Russia and no longer seemed “heroic.”
B. Beethoven was insulted when Napoleon walked out of a performance.
C. Beethoven was angered by Napoleon’s crowning as emperor.
D. Napoleon refused to pay the commission he had promised to Beethoven.
C. Beethoven was angered by Napoleon’s crowning as emperor.
88
88. At the Congress of Vienna 1815, what was von Metternich’s goal for the republican ambitions of the burgeoning middle class?
A. To prevent them from coming to power.
B. To assist them in establishing stable governments.
C. To combine their influence with that of monarchies.
D. To enable them to take over through violence.
A. To prevent them from coming to power.
89
89. The Confederation of 39 German States created by the Congress of Vienna became a power struggle between Prussia and
A. Denmark.
B. Austria.
C. Netherlands.
D. Republic of Krakow.
B. Austria.
90
90. What was the “White Terror” in France following the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy?
A. Riots in Paris against the monarchy of Louis-Philippe to revive the Revolution.
B. The restoration of lands to the aristocracy to replace what was lost in the Revolution.
C. Royalists and nobles who returned to France and attacked republicans in revenge.
D. Economic downturn following the 1848 Revolution in Paris by urban workers.
C. Royalists and nobles who returned to France and attacked republicans in revenge.
91
91. Why did Metternich resign as the Prime Minister of Austria in 1848?
A. Pressure from uprisings in multiple cities and by many different people.
B. He wanted to form an alliance with Prussia and unite Germans.
C. Metternich was ill and could no longer serve in office.
D. His plans for restoring the monarchies of Europe had failed.
A. Pressure from uprisings in multiple cities and by many different people.
92
92. Prior to 1848, nationalists in Ireland were divided over what issue?
A. Whether to include British citizens in an Irish state.
B. If Irish nationalism was going to be achieved through violence.
C. If nationalism required complete separation from Britain.
D. Whether Irish nationalism would be Catholic or secular.
D. Whether Irish nationalism would be Catholic or secular.
93
93. The potato blight that caused massive famine in Ireland in 1845 probably originated in
A. England.
B. United States.
C. Peru.
D. Ireland.
C. Peru.
94
94. Count Cavour, who led Italian unification, served as prime minister of what Italian state?
A. Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
B. Piedmont-Sardinia
C. Grand Duchy of Tuscany
D. Papal States
B. Piedmont-Sardinia
95
95. Bismarck’s plan for unification of Germany involved ultimately creating a war with
A. Austria.
B. Britain.
C. Italy.
D. France.
D. France.
96
96. Emperor Louis-Napoleon of France provoked Wilhelm I by preventing one of his relatives from taking the throne of
A. Spain.
B. France.
C. Austria.
D. Italy.
A. Spain.
97
97. By the mid-nineteenth century, regional economic differences had appeared in the United States, as the South developed an industrial economy.
A. True
B. False
B. False
98
98. Although slavery was abolished in the U.S. following the Civil War, freed African-Americans in the South lost what kinds of rights between 1877 and 1914?
A. right to a job
B. right to live anywhere
C. voting rights
D. banking rights
C. voting rights
99
Three regions in Great Britain sought independence and home rule in the nineteenth century: Scotland, Ireland, and ____________.
Answer: Wales
100
100. The Great Reform Bill of 1832 reformed the British Parliamentary system by shifting seats to
A. Wales.
B. women.
C. working class.
D. the north.
D. the north.
