Midterm Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
adaptation of focus is called
A
accomodation
2
Q
structure is made of tough fibrous connective tissue consisting of elastic and collagen fibers
A
sclera
3
Q
ocular structure is responsible for a majority of the refraction of light in its path to the retina
A
cornea
4
Q
these glands secrete an oily substance that mixes with the tear film layer and helps retard moisture evaporation
A
tarsal glands
5
Q
the condition that is a result of the loss of elasticity of the lens is known as
A
presbyopia
6
Q
aqueous humor fills the
A
anterior cavity only
7
Q
what is the order of viewing the fundus
A
disc, vessels, background, macula
DVBM
8
Q
the iris, ciliary body and choroid make up the
A
uveal tract
9
Q
in order to examine the function of the inferior rectus muscle, you would have the patient
A
look inferior and lateral
10
Q
all but which one of the following structures are found in the bony orbit
A
Cornea
11
Q
the type of lens used to correct myopia
A
biconcave
12
Q
which color range is most commonly affected due to color blindness
A
red green
13
Q
in this condition there is an irregularity in the surface of the cornea, causing various degrees of refraction in the various meridians of the cornea. it is called
A
astigmatism
14
Q
another term for exopthalmos is
A
proptosis
15
Q
thin transparent membrane that covers anteria cornea and backside of the eyelid
A
conjunctiva
16
Q
which of the following evaluation tools is used to identify presbyopia
A
snellen chart
17
Q
this common condition of the eyelid is actually a granuloma of the meibomian
A
chalazion
18
Q
marginal, staphylococcal and seborrheic are all forms of
A
conjunctivitis
19
Q
a tonic pupil
A
reacts slowly to light
20
Q
any obstruction in the nasal lacrimal duct causing stasis in the sac could develop into
A
dacryocystitis
21
Q
this condition is a result of heptolenticular and neurological degeneration and presents as a yellowish-brown periphreal deposit in the cornea. the patient will have trouble with copper metabolism and transport
A
keyser fleishcer rings
22
Q
this condition often accompanies lipid disorders and presents as a slightly raised yellow flat well circumscribed plaque in the skin of near the eyelid
A
xanthelasma
23
Q
which of the following findings is not usually associated with the Argyll Robertson pupil
A
papillotonia
24
Q
puffy eyelids (periorbital edema) are associated with all but which one of the following presentations
A
enopthalmos
25
a patient whose right eye drifts slowly to the right, the distance of 4mm, and quickly corrects to the left at the rate of approximately 30 times a min, would be considered to have
left, Slow, coarse, dissociated nystagmus
26
which of the complaints is not generally associated with a possible retinal detachment
blurred vision
27
a strabismus is
failure of ability to maintain proper eye axis
28
contraction of which muscle fibers are responsible for causing the lens to become less convex
radial and meridianal fibers
29
which of the following conditions is considered to be caused by debris in the vitreous
Motile Scotoma
30
which of the following conditions is considered to be the most common non traumatic cause of papilledema
tumor of sela turcica
31
this causes a slowly developing painless, progressive loss of central vision in the elderly and is NOT caused by opacity of the lens
presbyopia
32
this condition is a result of the lack of coordination of the extrinsic eye muscles
stabismus
33
argyll robertson pupil is
suggestive of CNS disorder
34
this condition of the optic disc can be a result of increased intracranial pressure
papilledema
35
which of the following condition is caused by any problem is the anterior chamber that inhibits slows of blocks the normal flow of aqueous from draining
glaucoma
36
for which of the following forms of conjunctivitis is referral must crucial
neonatal
37
which of the following forms of conjunctivitis is considered to be the most common cause of blindness in the world and is relatively rare in the US
bacterial (chlamdial)
38
the paramount symptom of this form of conjunctivitis is severe itching remember Benedryl
allergic
39
palpable pre-auricular lymph nodes are associated with which form of conjunctivitis
viral
40
which type of conjunctivitis can spread to the cornea and produce dendritiform lesions
viral (herpes simplex)
41
for which of the following presentations should a patient be refferred immediately to an ophthalmologist in order to prevent scarring and perforation of the cornea
All of the above
42
which of the following forms of glaucoma is is slowest to advance
chronic open angle
43
form of glaucoma is there obstruction on a microscopic level in the trabecular meshwork, preventing aqueous humor from draining out of the anterior chamber into schlemms canal
chronic open angle
44
differences in cupping and pallor between the two optic discs are especially important indicators of possible
glaucoma
45
this presentation can present with the visual sensation of flashing lights
scintillating scotoma
46
the appearance of a yellow sclera is termed
icterus
47
this disorder associated with blue sclera and multiple, spontaneous fractures
osteogenesis imperfecta
48
condition is considered to be caused by denaturing of proteins within the lens
cataract
49
patient suffers from left homonyms hemianopia you suspect a lesion of
right optic tract
50
normal reaction to ciliospinal reflex
mydriasis
51
most common pathological condition affecting visual acuity in elderly is
cataract
52
Which muscle is involved with extra ocular motion of the left eye towards the left inferior gaze
inferior rectus
53
Glaucoma is an eye disorder characterized by all of the following except
papilledema
54
The red eye syndrome is referred to inflammation of the following structure
conjunctiva
55
The term presbyopia is referring to a disorder of the
lens
56
The cause of exophthalmoses in hyperthyroidism is due to
proliferation of the retro bulbar fat
57
Seeing floater is associated with a disorder regarding the
vitreous
58
Glaucoma is medically managed by which of the following
miotic eye drops
59
A patient suffers from bitemporal hemianopia. You suspect a lesion of the
(choose two answers)
optic chiasm
| pituitary tumor
60
Argyll Robertson pupils associated with which of the following of these abnormalities is not associated with
second stage syphilis
| responds well to light
61
Ptosis in Horner’s syndrome is : (choose two answers)
partial ptosis
| due to paralysis of Muller’s muscle of the lid
62
Which of the following does not involve a cranial nerve lesion
none of the above
63
Which cranial never is involved with extra ocular motion of the right eye towards the right lateral gaze
abducens (right)
64
the conjunctiva cover some or all parts of the of the following structures
except
lens
65
Which of the following fundoscopic exam nerve may indicate an increased intracranial pressure
papilledema
66
The pathway for the accommodation reflex is
AFF 2 EFF 3
67
Which of the following cranial nerves does not supply the eye
8
68
The correction of myopia is done by using
concave lens
69
The term 20/40 means
this person’s eye can see at 20 feet what a normal person would see at 40 feet
70
Which of the following are the triads for Rieter’s syndrome
Conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis
71
A beam of light will follow this path
cornea, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous
| CALV
72
Which of the following may cause epiphora
Ectropion
73
Which 2 structures focuses light from the object that is being observed on the retina?
Cornea and Lens
74
The globe (eye) has poles located?
Med and Lat
75
Which is the correct order of coats (tunics) of the eyeball>
Fibrous scleral coat, uveal tract, retinal coat
76
Focus is maintained on the retina by ____, and the ____ thickness as objects draw closer to the eye
Ciliary muscle, lens
77
The sclera is...?
Tough fibrous connective tissue, maintains shape of eye, support and protect retina, ant 5/6 of eye
78
The cornea is...?
Tightly packed dense connective tissue, highly transparent and convex, 1/6 of the eye
79
The cornea is apps 0.5 mm thick and comprised of 5 layers. What is the proper order of those layers from ant. to post.?
Pavement epithelium, bowman layer, storma, descemets membrane, endothelium
PBSDE
80
Which layer is a clear acellular layer that is also a modified part of the stoma?
Bowmans layer
81
Which layer is 90% of thickness of cornea?
Corneal Stroma
82
Which layer is a clear elastic membrane?
Descemets membrane
83
The eyelid is which of the following?
Aka palpebral or blether, consist of skin, conjunctiva, and smooth and striated muscle, help distribute tears
84
Opening b/t 2 eyelids is...?
Palpebral fissure
85
Most medial structure is a pink bulb of fleshy conjunctival tissue...?
Lacrimal caruncle
86
The eyelids join at each side and form angles
Canthus
87
Thin transparent membrane lateral to caruncle
Plica semilunaris
88
Entire area of medial canthus is?
Lacrimal Lake
89
This structure drains the tears from the surface?
Lacrimal puncta
90
These structures are modified sebaceous glands that secret and oils substance mixers with the tear film layer and also helps break surface tension
Meibomian Glands aka Tarsal glands
91
Modified sebaceous glands that secrete oily substance that help give body to the cilia and helps keep lashed form becoming misdirected or entangled when wet
Ciliary glands
92
This is a highly irritable membrane that is the first line of defense against foreign bodies, infectious agent, irritant and contacting....
Conjunctiva
93
Goblet cels make up this outer layer of ____ that secretes mucin
Conjunctiva
94
Produces tears that moisten the eye by bathing the conjunctiva and the cornea
Lacrimal gland
95
Which gland produces the outer oily layer of tear film?
Meiobiam glands
96
Which gland produces the middle aqueous layer of tear film?
Tear glands
97
Which gland produces the inner mucin layer of tear film layer?
Conjunctiva (goblet cells)
98
Tears are composed of which of the following
Albumin, gamma globulins (IGA,IGG,IGE), lysozyme
99
Which of the following are internal muscles
Iris, and Ciliary muscle
100
Pupils fxns is to do which of the following?
Controls amount of light
101
_____ fibers constrict the pupil and are stimulated by _____
Circular fibers, parasympathetic
102
_____ fibers dilate the pupil and are stimulated by _____
Radial fibers, symp
103
The space b/t the cornea and the iris is called ____; the space b/t the ciliary body and the the lens is called ____
anterior chamber, post chamber
104
The ant chamber and post chamber make up the ____
Anterior cavity
105
This structure controls the shape of the lens and secretes aqueous fluid humor
Ciliary muscle
106
The ciliary muscle is comprised of which fibers?
Circular fibers, radial fibers, meridianal fibers
107
The completely transparent lens structure that refract light and focus it onto the fovea centralis of macula?
Lens
108
The lens is suspended from the ciliary by ____ which is made up of ____
AOTA
109
The ____ fibers are simp controlled; the _____ fibers are para controlled
Radial and Meridian, Circular
110
Presbyopia is a condition of...?
Loss of ability to accommodate bc dec in degree of elasticity of the lens
111
The ant cavity is filled with ____ and the post cavity is filled with ____
Aqueous humor, Viterous humor
112
Aqueous humor is drained from the ant chamber into?
Canal of schlemm
113
Inadequate drainage of the aqueous humor can lead to an excessive accumulation in fluid which result in...?
Intraocular pressure, glaucoma
114
Vitreous humor is made of ____ water and ____ collage and hyaluronic acid
99%, 1%
115
The vitreous is?
Clear, avascular, comprised 2/3 of volume and weight of eye, maintains the transparency and shape of the eye, saline may be used to replace it
116
The ____ in the fetus contains the ____ which supplies the lens with nutrients. This artery disappears soon after birth but the canal remains
Hyaloid canal, hyaloid artery
117
The retina is the ____ layer of the eye composed of light sensitive nerve tissue and pigment epithelium
Inner most
118
The ____ is the only place in the body that embryologically is not replaced
Vitrous Body
119
The light strike the retina and goes through sever layers, what is the order?
Internal limiting layer, striatum optimum, ganglion cells, inner plexiform, inner nuclear, outer nuclear, external limiting later, pigmented layer
120
The ____ is the nerve fiber layer and the ____ contains the rods and cones
Stratium opticum, Jacobs membrane
121
The choroidal layer is?
B/t the clear and retina, highly vascular layer, post portion of the uveal tract, nutrition of the outer portion of the retina
122
The uveal tract consist of?
Iris, Ciliary body, Choroid
123
Iritis is synovious of which of the following terms?
Iridocyclitis and ant uveitis
124
Choroditis aka
post uveitis
125
the globe is connected to the orbit by the ____ muscle of the eye aka _____
Extrinsic ocular, yoke muscles
