Midterm Flashcards
(37 cards)
A person is very nervous. He is a nail biter and does this behavior whenever he is worried. He also eats a lot when he is nervous. He has a bad habit of biting on pens when he is distracted. According to Freud’s theory, what stage would he say this person is fixated at?
- Oral
- Anal
- Phallic
- Latency
- Genital
Oral
Wictor
s father is an alcoholic. His father has had a history of drug use since Victor was a child. Victor was always embarrassed to bring friends home after school because he never knew how his father would act due to the drugs and alcohol. According to the social learning theory, Victor would be expected to have the following behaviors as an adult:
- Victor does not like his father’s behavior as a child so he would never utilize alcohol or substances
- Victor realizes his father’s behaviors have nothing to do with him and he is unconcerned about drinking alcohol or using drugs because he will never behave in the same way his father did
- Victor has observed his father’s behaviors throughout his childhood. Even though he did not like his father’s behaviors, he has begun using substances to deal with anything stressful in his life. Victor has continued the same pattern as his father and has now begun using drugs to relax after a long day
- This theory would not predict future behavior
Victor has observed his father’s behaviors throughout his childhood. Even though he did not like his father’s behaviors, he has begun using substances to deal with anything stressful in his life. Victor has continued the same pattern as his father and has now begun using drugs to relax after a long day
Name the theory:
Bandura
Observational Learning – contributes to an individual mimicking what they see in their environment repetitively and then repeats those behaviors because this is what they grew up observing
Name the theory:
Thomas and Chess
Temperment – a child’s temperament fits or does not with parent’s parenting style
Name the theory:
Erikson
Looks at human development across the life stages from a psychosocial perspective
Name the theory:
Bronfenbrenner
Examine all systems around the individual (micro, exo, macro)
Name the theory:
Freud
A personality structure is broken down into 3 parts (id, ego, superego) to clarify how needs and morals are balanced in everyday life
According to the ____ theory, an infant goes through the 1st stage of development relying on their caretaker to provide for them.
- psychosocial
- psychosexual
- cognitive
- operant conditioning
- classical conditioning
psychosocial
According to ___, the stage of trust vs mistrust will set the stage for future relationships.
- Bandura
- Erikson
- Freud
- Vygotsky
- Piaget
Erikson
A parent is teaching their child about morals in the same manner they were taught. .The parent believes they should utilize rewards and punishment to teach them right from wrong. The parents believe that the child will then follow the rules and laws of social order that is mandated by society. As an adult, the individual will eventually know the correct moral choice to make due to their individual conscience. What is the theorist and theory?
- Gilligan, Attachment Theory
- Heinz, Goodness of Fit
- Kohlberg, Zone of Proximal Development
- Harlow, Nature vs Nurture
- Ainsworth, Moral Reasoning
Kohlberg, Zone of Proximal Development
A patient’s baby is playing with you staff member while the mother is getting adjusted. The baby keeps crying for her mother. When you look over at the child, you notice her sister keeps putting a toy in front of her. When the baby reaches for the toy, the sister pulls the toy away and hides it behind her back, The child does not attempt to look for the toy. According to Piaget, what stage is the child in and how old?
- Motoric operations, there is no specific age
- formal operational, there is no specific age
- concrete operational, at least 8 months
- preoperational, younger than 8 months
- sensorimotor, at least 8 month old
sensorimotor, at least 8 month old
According to Piaget’s theory, when would a child cognitively be able to handle abstract thinking concepts such as algebra?
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational
- Motoric Operational
Formal Operational
A child is asked by their teacher to indicate which container has more water. The teacher has just demonstrated in 2 different ways that the containers hold exactly the same amount of water. The child is able to easily identify that the containers hold the same amount of water. What stage of cognitive development is this child in according to Piaget?
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete operational
- formal operational
- motoric operations
concrete operational
A parent’s adolescent child has matured earlier than others in their peer group at school. She is concerned because there appears to be negative effects of the experience.. According to research and class discussion, this child is more likely to be:
- male
- female
- research has not shown a difference between maturation and negative effects
male
A parent’s adolescent child has matured earlier than others in their peer group at school. She is concerned because there appears to be negative effects of the experience. According to research and class discussion, what negative effects have been identified to occur commonly for that specific gender in the above scenario?
- Academic problems, headaches, poor concentration
- lower sell-esteem, more depression, poorer body image
- academic problems, increased anxiety, aggressive behavior
- research has shown to have no differences in outcomes for this age group
lower self-esteem, more depression, poorer body image
According to research and class discussion, children age 6-11 are more likely to share info with the ___ about what is happening in their lives.
- parents
- teachers
- peers
- authority figures
peers
A young child is just learning to walk. She utilizes her father’s leg to maneuver her legs up his body. She will also grab for her father’s fingers when she is trying to balance. Her father only supports her balance but not all her body weight, so his daughter can learn to walk independently. Name there theorist and term that relates to this learning developmental experience:
- Freud, Anal Stage
- Erikson, Generativity vs Stagnation
- Vygotsky, Scaffolding
- Harlow, Attachment
- Thomas and Chess, Temperment
Vygotsky, Scaffolding
A toddler is exploring their world by touching all the objects they come in contact with. He finds a doll on the floor next to his older sister. She is playing nice with her doll. Toddler boy takes doll and a car and smashes the 2 together. Parent is watching and trying to figure out if aggressive behavior from son is biologically being a boy or exposure to the environment that shows boys being more aggressive. Which theory supports this question?
- Zone of proximal distance
- nature vs nurture
- identify vs role confusion
- goodness of fit
- oral stage
nature vs nurture
According to research, utilizing the Strange Situation, the following identifies a securely attached child:
- explore environment in presence of caretaker
- shows extreme distress when caretaker leaves
- clings to caretaker
- less likely to explore
- A and B
A and B
- explore environment in presence of caretaker
- shows extreme distress when caretaker leaves
What is an example of classical conditioning?
- laughing at a funny movie
- crying with the pain of a stubbed tow
- salivating when the oven is turned on which means grandma’s going to bake cookies soon
- wearing layers in the winter
salivating when the oven is turned on which means grandma’s going to bake cookies soon
The researcher most associated with operant conditioning is:
- Ivan Pavlov
- B. F. Skinner
- John B Watson
- Lev Vygotsky
B.F. Skinner
The scientist who first demonstrated classical conditioning was:
- Ivan Pavlov
- B. F. Skinner
- John B Watson
- Lev Vygotsky
Ivan Pavlov
What did Harlow’s research demonstrate about an infant monkey’s connection to a wire vs cloth mother?
- they are based on food supply only
- they rarely occur naturally
- they are based on comfort, touch and attachment
- they are genetically programmed
they are based on comfort, touch and attachment
Social learning theory emphasizes learning thru:
- cooperation with others
- observation with imitation
- reinforcers
- understanding how one’s behavior effects other people
observation with imitation
