Midterm

Question 1

Handel’s Messiah is an example of an

Answer 1

Oratorio

Question 2

The name of a small group of soloists in a concerto grosso is

Answer 2

Concertino

Question 3

What was Bach’s background?

Answer 3

Musically talented family

Question 4

What was Handel’s most famous piece of orchestral music?

Answer 4

“Water Music”

Question 5

How do we know that Handel did not speak English fluently?

Answer 5

His text setting in his “Messiah”

Question 6

Who is the author of this
“is the great chain, that draws all agree,
and drawn supports upheld by god or thee”

Answer 6

Alexander Pope

Question 7

What was one of Pope’s specific targets in his criticisms?

Answer 7

rampant commercialism

Question 8

What was the prevailing attitude of the Rococo art style?

Answer 8

indifference

Question 9

What was a key difference between Baroque and Rococo art?

Answer 9

The Rococo art was more feminized

Question 10

What was Jonathan Swift’s attitude toward humanity?

Answer 10

anger and pessimism

Question 11

Swift’s “Modest Proposal” is characterized by its

Answer 11

chilling rationality

Question 12

what influenced 18th century Neo-classicism?

Answer 12

• Ancient Greek Sculpture
• Ancient Greek Architecture
• Ancient Greek Literature

Question 13

What are four characteristics of the Encyclopedie?

Answer 13

• It challenged traditional authority of the church and monarchy
• Produced by Denis Diderot
• Took more than 15 years to complete
• Contained articles by Rousseau and Voltaire

Question 14

In addition to being philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau was also an

Answer 14

amateur musician

Question 15

Who were the targets of Voltaire’s “Ecracez l’infame” (Crush the Infamous thing)?

Answer 15

-Christians

Question 16

A minor symphony by Mozart was probably influenced by what literary style?

Answer 16

Sturm and drang

Question 17

A notion that a woman of the lower classes could be the more intelligent than aristocratic men was found in what work of art?

Answer 17

Mozart’s “Marriage of Figaro”

Question 18

What was the surprise in Haydn’s Surprise symphony?

Answer 18

the fortissimo chord in the second movement

Question 19

Which composer had the greatest influence on Haydn’s oratorio?

Answer 19

Handel

Question 20

What features are common of Romantic visual art?

Answer 20

• exoticism
• fascination with fragment
• fascination with supernatural
• fascination with death

Question 21

What artist is known as the most political and propaganda painter?

Answer 21

Goya

Question 22

What was the French Realist movement concerned about?

Answer 22

everyday and commonplace subjects

Question 23

What biographical detail did Byron, Keats, and Shelley all have in common?

Answer 23

they all died young

Question 24

Who wrote this excerpt? “And then my heart with pleasure fills, and dances with the daffodils”

Answer 24

Wordsworth

Question 25

What artist emphasized "art for art's sake"? He also gave his paintings musical titles and spearheaded the impressionistic movement

Answer 25

James Whistler

Question 26

What was a distinguishing feature of Eakins' painting "Portrait of Miss van buren"?

Answer 26

casual and candid poise of the sitter showing more character

Question 27

``` Who wrote this excerpt? "so huge, so hopeless to conceive as these twice befell. Parting is all we know of heaven. and all we need of hell" ```

Answer 27

Emily Dickinson

Question 28

What was a characteristic of Beethoven's music early in his career?

Answer 28

- retained classical movement format - momentary disruptions - focused mainly on smaller genres like piano sonatas and string quartets

Question 29

What is Beethoven's piano sonata in c-sharp minor commonly called and what makes it "fantasia" like?

Answer 29

ubiquitous triplets throughout

Question 30

What unifies all four movements of Beethoven's 5th symphony?

Answer 30

the rhythmic motif of short short short long

Question 31

Tory Satirists:

Answer 31

Pope, Swift, Dryden, Dr. Johnson

Question 32

Wrote mainly in heroic couplets (Rhyming couplets in iambic pentameter) Believed that man was good but could be corrupted Important works: Essay on Man

Answer 32

Alexander Pope

Question 33

Unleashed his “savage indignation” upon those he deemed worthy Hated humanity, used biting satirical criticism to express his views. Important works: Gulliver’s travels A Modest proposal

Answer 33

Jonathan Swift

Question 34

Encyclopedie

Answer 34

Conceived by Denis Diderot. Instituted by the rational humanists (ever wary of the current establishments) to put knowledge directly into the hands of the general populace. Articles were contributed by many people, generally experts in their fields. Contains many works by Rousseau and Montesquieu.

Question 35

Believed humanity was good but society was bad- promoted the idea of the “noble savage” Believed in God but didn’t trust the church Lousy composer Important works: Emile

Answer 35

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 36

Believed very strongly in the importance of freedom of thought Signed off many of his letters “Ecrasez l’ infame” or crush the infamous thing, referring to superstition Believed in God as a creator, disliked church. Important works: Candide (written partially in reaction to Leibnitz’s everything is for the best philosophy) Cultivate our Garden

Answer 36

Voltaire

Question 37

Dealt with the unknown and the supernatural. Tried to shock its readers.

Answer 37

Sturm und drang

Question 38

Heavy focus on personal expression, fragmentation, and mystery. Shows fascination with the exotic and the supernatural

Answer 38

Romantic Poetry

Question 39

``` One of the lake Poets Principally wrote about the relationship between humans and nature “emotion recollected in tranquility” Important works: Tintern Abby We are seven ```

Answer 39

Wordsworth

Question 40

Considered crazy Was an author, a painter, and a publisher His genius was only recognized after his death Important Works: Jerusalem Songs of Innocence

Answer 40

Blake

Question 41

Mad, bad, and dangerous to know Died young wrote many epic poems. Many operas were based on his works and his life

Answer 41

Lord Byron

Question 42

``` Sad personal life Expelled from Oxford Drowned under curious circumstances Important works: Ozymandias ```

Answer 42

Shelley

Question 43

``` Died of tuberculosis Most of his poetry deals with death, not always in a pessimistic way Most stable of the three Important works: Ode to a nightingale Ode to Autumn ```

Answer 43

Keats

Question 44

Used the flowery style of Jane austin, but focused on the social issues of the day Wrote in different dialects to represent different social classes Wrote in segments that were published in journals to make more money! Important works: Oliver Twist

Answer 44

Charles Dickens

Question 45

Novel Didn’t trust the church, but believed in God Important Works The three Hermits “War and Peace”; “Anna Karenina” & “The Three Hermits” - individual devotion is possible/even better than organized religion

Answer 45

Tolstoy

Question 46

Transcendentalists

Answer 46

Henry Thoreau | Ralph Waldo Emmerson

Question 47

``` One of the first authors to develop a characteristic american style. Wrote frequently in the first person Wrote war poetry Important works: Songs of Myself Songs of Parting ```

Answer 47

Walt Whitman

Question 48

Wrote for herself, frequently didn’t title her poems. Wrote about death Wrote in ballad meter Try singing to the tune of amazing grace! Very informal tone

Answer 48

Emily Dickinson

Question 49

Know about his style, his fascination with gothic horror Important Works: The oval portrait The raven

Answer 49

Edgar Allan Poe

Question 50

emphasized rejection of Classical & Neo-Classical forms and attitudes; interest in nature, individual emotions and imagination; revolt against social/political rules and traditions

Answer 50

Romanticism

Question 51

Bach's 5 Major Cities

Answer 51

``` Arnstadt – organ/keyboard Muhlhausen – organ/keyboard Weimar - orchestral Cothen - orchestral, kappelmeister (more secular) Leipzig – religious music ```

Question 52

Who was Water Music composed for?

Answer 52

Elector of Hanover (King George I)

Question 53

Father of Symphony

Answer 53

Haydn

Question 54

Symphonic Form

Answer 54

Fast, Slow, Medium, Fast

Question 55

Beethoven Middle Period

Answer 55

Starts breaking out of established forms. Particularly with extended codas (endings to pieces), linking movements with themes throughout, moving directly from one movement to the next. Some scholars call this his “Heroic Period.” Symphony #5 is a good example

Question 56

Beethoven Late Period

Answer 56

Now his music really breaks out of classical forms and focuses more on expression. Completely deaf at this point.

Question 57

Ritornello

Answer 57

Recurring chorus or refrain