Midterm Flashcards
(27 cards)
One of these 5 characteristics are needed for something to be a map
- Maps are vertical views (from above)
- reduced in scale
- made on a map projection surface (mathematically transformed from sphere of Earth to a flat surface - orange peel)
- Generalized representations of the environment
- Symbolized representations of the environment
Maps are popular for these reasons (also why you should be cautionary)
- Convenience
- Simplification
- Credibility
- Impact
Functions of maps
- Reference (efficient, geographic references, NOT themed, see instantly position of features and distance between them, symbols, detailed as possible, spatially true, no visual preference or prominence to one object)
- Thematic (essay on a particular topic, focuses on a subject and has it stand out, usually what you see does not physically exist (statistics))
- Navigation (guide you and help you plan your route)
- Persuasion (to buy a product, make a decision, or think a certain way)
Bedolina Map
Mappiform, Italy, 1000-200 BC
potentially land holding claims, one of first geocentric (world from above), mark a moment in cognitive development
Petroglyphs
rock drawings. ex: bedolina map in val camonica
Hormuzd Rassam
looking for tablet of great flood, but found Babylonian Map of the World. Found 70,000 items and sent it to the British Museum in London. They couldn’t read the language at the time and later determined it was a world map.
Cuneiform
denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets. Present on the Babylonian Map of the World
Babylonian Map of the World
Digrammatic, Iraq, ~500 BC, bird’s eye, Babylon at the center, ocean is spiritual/mythological
Eratosthenes
earth’s circumference guy, no heaven/spiritual elements, world map 194 BC, “Geographica”
Srabo
detailed travels in Geographica (17 volumes), blew off circumference, musings of the world, first globe (10ft)
Ptolemy’s Geography
Written description of Roman World, Alexandria, 150 AD, first time we see projected surface and coordinate system. Three parts among 8 books
Muhammad al-Idrisi
traveled a lot, Muslim, lack of religious symbols, Book of Roger
Roger II
Norman king of Sicily, pursued a policy of religious tolerance of Muslims and Jews. funded travels to make his book
Book of Roger
World Map, Sicily, 1154, known for accuracy and expanse, hybrid map of world, scientific in nature, oriented south
Hereford World Map - Mappamundi
World Map, England, 1300, paradise and purgatory at extremes, creatures and monsters, oldest surviving wall map, oriented East (garden of eden)
Waldseemuller Map: Universalis Cosmographica/ Cosmographiae Introductio
world map, germany, 1507, america’s birth certificate, presence of pacific ocean, uses ptolmy’s projections
Diogo Ribeiro World Map
world map, portugal, 1529, working for sevillian crown and advocated on behalf of crown for territory. Treaty of Tordesillas
Moluccas
Spice trade. knowing who pays your salary. poltics shaping map making
Kevin Lynch
mental mapping, the image of the city (paths, edges, districts, nodes, landmarks)
Gerard Mercator
world map, germany, 1569, sailing courses of constant bearings as straight lines, introduced “atlas”
Joan Blaeu Atlas Maior
atlas, amsterdam, 1662, largesst and most expensive book published in 17th century, first attempt at standarizing the map, comissioned by DEITC
Cassini Survey of France
survey, france, 1790s, 1st modern map of nation that used scientific method, sense of nationalism
Mackinder’s Geographical Pivot of History
world map, england, 1904, entire globe, he who rules east europe commands the world
Gall-Peters Projection
world map, germany, 1973, an equal area world map, helps preserve relative size and area but distotorts shape
