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Flashcards in Midterm Deck (27)
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1
Q

Quantitative method

A

study data from a large number of cases. Emphasis on breadth.

2
Q

Qualitative method

A

Study a few cases in depth. Emphasis on depth.

3
Q

Legitimacy

A

recognizing and accepting something as right. Traditional; Charismatic; Rational-legal

4
Q

Ethnicity

A

Attributes or social institution that makes a group of people culturally different from others

5
Q

National Identity

A

Bound together by a common set of political aspirations. Common territory; language; culture; enemies

6
Q

Liberalism

A

Freedom to make choices. minimum regulation. Laissez-faire. Foundation of capitalism(wealth gap)

7
Q

Communism

A

total state ownership= no market competition. benefits equally distributed among people.

8
Q

Social Democracy

A

private property and market forces. large welfare state. corporatism. Policy system involving state, labor, and business

9
Q

Fascism

A

no personal freedom. denies equality to achieve state power. hierarchy.

10
Q

Anarchism

A

rejects notion of state and private property. people cooperate without state

11
Q

Market

A

interaction between forces of supply and demand

12
Q

Inflation

A

increase in the overall prices in the economy when demand outstrips supply.

13
Q

Absolute advantage

A

equal trade of goods between countries. One country produces more efficiently than the other.

14
Q

Comparative advantage

A

one country produces a product more efficiently compared to other products relative to another country.

15
Q

Presidential System

A

Separation of powers. fixed term=stability. directly elected=legitimacy. hard to remove president. divided government=political deadlock.

16
Q

Parliamentary System

A

Fusion of powers. appoint prime minister. legislation easily passed. no fixed term=flexibility. legitimacy problem? lack of checks and balances.

17
Q

Single-member district electoral system

A

most popular vote of a single candidate. holds all seats in parliament. Good for majorities.

18
Q

Proportional representation electoral system

A

Percent of votes for each candidate=percent of seats in parliament. vote on parties. good for minorities. hard for parties to work together=deadlock.

19
Q

Herbst “War and the State in Africa”

A

war is crucial for forming a state. brings people together=nationality. State will collect more taxes and people will be more willing. Africa has weak nationalism and economy. current lack of interstate war.

20
Q

Jorgensmeyer “The New Religious State”

A

nationalism and religion both bring order. binding religion and nationalism together causes conflict between views and religious beliefs. can’t check the authority of God. absolutism of nationalism and religion may result in a weakly checked authority that can ruin the state.

21
Q

Hobsbawm “Nationalism”

A

People were educated=literacy. Ability to read and write=national language. Common language=nationalism.

22
Q

Huntington “The Clash of Civilizations”

A

civilizations clash over cultural differences and economic regionalism. Non-western countries will try to catch up and be more modern. West should protect its interests. civilizations should learn to understand each other and coexist.

23
Q

Sen “Civilizational imprisonment: How to Misunderstand Everyone in the World”

A

Criticisms of the clash thesis. Classifications are crude. we have to view ourselves they way we would choose to.

24
Q

Alesina et al. “Why Doesn’t the United States have a Eruopean Style Welfare State?

A

US poor are very poor. US redistributes less to citizens than European countries.

25
Q

Lijphart “Constitutional Choices for New Democracies”

A

Parliamentary system and Proportional representative is best combination. Single party and include minorities.

26
Q

Caplan “The Myth of the Rational Voter”

A

Voters are rationally ignorant. voters gravitate to same mistake (do not cancel each other out). Democracy is worst form of government but there is nothing better. rely less on democracy, more votes for educated people, political slack in supreme court, experts should speak up

27
Q

Putnam “Social Capital:

A

Important for a sense of trust between people. civic engagement and norms of reciprocity. Declining due to generational changes (technology).