Midterm Flashcards
(24 cards)
Civilization
- Written Language
- Code of Laws
- Political Organization
- The Zigguraut
- Jobs
- Metal Working
Tigris and Euphrates
2 Rivers surrounding Mesopotamia located in the Middle East. Provided Fertile land for agriculture, allowing the cou
Neolithic Revolution
C. 7000 BC
- Discovery of Seasons
- Animal Domestication
- Development of the Wheel
- Development of Agriculture
- Humans Became sedenatary
Hammurabi
Ruler of Mesopotamia in 1700 BC. Famous creating the first set of written laws known as the Code of Hammurabi. The laws if violated involved Retribution and Reparations.
Nile River
Massive River in Egypt. The river flows from South to North with a Delta in the north connecting the river to the Mediterranean Sea. This allowed fertile land for agriculture, and allowed quick transportation between upper and lower Egypt.
Egyptian Archaic Period
3000 BC.
King Narmer of upper Egypt conquered lower egypt unifying the country. “Pallet of Narmer”
Rosetta Stone
200 BC
Provides a translation from Hieroglyphics to Demotic and Ancient Greek. Was created in Egypt during the reign of Ptolemy
Hitties
Circa 2500 BC
Warrior Society Monarchy in present day Turkey
Fought a battle with Egypt, outcome is uncertain.
Were probably conquered by the Seapeople in 1200 BC
Hebrews
1100 BC 12 oligarchies united by Saul King David - Beat the Philistines King SOlomon - Built the Temple Split to Judeah and Isreal Conquered by the Assyrians and Neo-Babylonains Liberated by Cyrus and the Persians
Assyrians
Circa 900 BC
Ruled Northern Mesopotamia
Brutal/Violent civilization
Bas-Relief Art: Black Obelist of Shalmaneser III
Cyrus
Ruler of Persia Circa 550 BC
Expanded the Empire
Minoan
Circa 2800 Located on Isle of Crete Ruins were discovered by Sir Arthur Evans No Walls Bronze Craftsman Linear A writing Sewer System Knossus Fate is unclear, possibly conquered by Seapeople
Draco and Solon
Archons who ruled Athens circa 600 BC
Draco created the first written laws in Athens.
Dubbed “Draconian Laws” they were harsh.
Solon created the council of 400 paving the way for an eventual conversion to Democracy
Cleisthenes
500 BC Abolished the OLigarchy and installed Democracy. Divided citizens into 10 tribes to serve in the Dikasteria
Mediterranean Sea
Large Body of Water between Northern Africa, Southern Europe and and Asia Minor. Many of the great civilizations, were established around the Sea.
Darius
Ruled Persian Empire Circa 520 BC
Son of Cyrus
Constructed the Royal Road across the Persian Empire, and expanded it’s borders. Began the war with Greece after the Ionian Rebellion
Marathon
Greek Polis near Athens. Served as a Battlefield during the Persian War. After a Greek Victory, the Greek SOldier Philippedes ran from Marathon to Athens to announce the Victory before dying.
Phillip II of Macedon
Phillip II of Greece (Not to be confused with the one from Spain) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Macedon, and the father of Alexander the Great, he was a successful strategist, and the victor of many military campaigns across Greece. He was assassinated at his daughter’s wedding.
Cincinnatus
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus was the ideal Roman Citizen during the Roman Republic. circa 460 BC. He was a Paetar Familiar, a respected elder who had served in the Roman Senate when he was asked to lead the Roman Army. He did so, because the Romans Believes in Gravitas and Virtus or Respect and Discipline.
He led the Army and was victorius and returned to his farm after the war.
Pyrrus
King of the Molossians in Greece and opponent to early Rome. circa 300 BC. During the inevitable war, Pyrrus was victorious but at great cost, leading to the term Pyrric Victory
Pre-Civilization Geography
Nomadic Humans who resisded during Glaciation or the Ice Age could cross the Berringia land mass which allowed the first humans to to travel from Russia to Modern Day Alaska.
First Punic War
Circa 260 BC
Fought between Cathage and Rome over control of Sicily
Carthage strong Navy
Rome Victorious, claimed Sardania, Corsica and Sicily
2nd Punic War
Circa 215 BC
Fought for control of Spain.
King Hannibal invaded Rome from the North crossing the Alps. (Elephants weren’t very effective)
Carthage had the Step Formation overhwhelming the Roman Legion
Rome Adopted and Adapted and invaded Carthage winning the War.
Roman Values
Adopt and Adapt (Rome will Adopt and Adapt technology and culture to fit their needs)
Values Gravitas - Repect, Down to Earth Fama/Gloria - Fame, Renown Virtus - Virile, Healthy, Strong, Disicpline Patar Familia - Elder Male Figure.
