Midterm

Question 1

Dutch Reformed key figures?

Answer 1

1. Cocceius
2. Voetius
3. Witsius
4. Brakel

Question 2

Johannes Cocceius

Answer 2

1 taught under William Ames

2. Professor of Orient languages
3. Leyden theology chair holder
4. Concern: exegetical accuracy
5. Unpopular to extremely popular teacher

Question 3

Gisbertus Voetius

Answer 3

1. Student of Perkins writings @ Leyden during Arminian controversy
2. Piety a concern
3. Delegate to Synod of Dort
4. Scholastic theologian taught @ U of Utrecht
5. Catechizes orphans

Question 4

Witsius

Answer 4

1. Latin@5; University @ 15
2. Saw knowledge & faith as distinct
3. Ordained 1657
4. Co-pastoral w Brakel 1673
5. Called to professorship in 3 schools
6. Systematics via Covenant theology (trans Eng 1677)

Question 5

Wilhelmus a’ Brakel

Answer 5

1. Pietistic upbringing
2. Involved in various controversies
3. 1690s wrote “Christians Reasonable Service” (Theology, Ethics, History of redemption)

Question 6

Synod of Dort

Answer 6

1. Canons of Dort
2. Church order
3. Dutch translation

Question 7

Scholasticism

Answer 7

1. Era of Reformed Orthodoxy
2. A method of arrangement, thought, division, logic in doing theological study
3. Middle Ages: a learned person
4. Reformation: a method of study

Question 8

Lutheran Piety

Answer 8

1. Response to lack of application of doctrine

2. Similar to Puritans

Question 9

Enlightenment

Answer 9

1. Man’s release from self-incurred tutelage
2. Motto: “Have courage to use your own reason”
3. Regarding religion it means the ability & freedom to use ones reason without outside influence.

Context: wealthy England, church part of state, Westminster standards fading, nominal ministers remained after 2000 ejected.

Question 10

Issac Watts

Answer 10

Hymnody key figure

Weak theology

Question 11

Moravian’s

Answer 11

• England from Germany
• attracted Eng people
• Goal: renew vigor in established churcheS
• evangelism key concern
• sparked Methodism

Question 12

John Wesley

Answer 12

Dad: Charles Wesley

Mother: daughter of Puritan minded pastor

Godly heritage

Oxford grad

Gathered people: godliness & reading

Theological Errors:

• Arminianism
• entire Sanctification (danger of legalism)

Hymns writer

Created New Societies - turned into new church denomination (Methodism)

Methods = key to holiness

Question 13

2 groups of English Baptists

Answer 13

1. General (Arminian)

2. Particular (Calvinistic)

Question 14

John Smithe

Answer 14

1. Broke from Church of England
2. Fled to Netherlands
3. He & Thomas Helwys convinced by Mennonites of Bel’s Baptism
4. 1609 group of 60 Re-Baptize

Question 15

Patronage

Answer 15

Right of land holders to elect own perish ministers

Question 16

Key Figures (18th cent) Netherlands

Answer 16

1. Fateinga Sr.
2. Herman Venema
3. Taco Hjo vanden Honert
4. Wihelmus Schortinghus
5. Theodore Van see Groe

Question 17

Taco Hjo

Answer 17

Moved towards Protestant Enlightenment theology vs Confessionalism

Question 18

Defenders of Reformed Orthodoxy

Answer 18

1. Antonius Driessen
2. Alexander Courie
3. Bernardinus de Moor

Question 19

Lutheran Pietism responding to:

Answer 19

Over emphasis on justification / dead objective orthodoxy

Question 20

Origin of Lutheran pietism

Answer 20

1. 1. Martin Luther
2. Anabaptists
3. Medieval Catholic piety
4. Reformed & Puritan writings.

Question 21

Positive Emphasis of Lutheran pietism

Answer 21

True vital faith

Ability to shepherd church (vs denial to discipline)

Conventicals

Scripture searching / feeding

Question 22

Key People (Lutheran Pietism)

Answer 22

1. Johan Arndt
2. Philip Jacob
3. August Herman Franck
4. Von Zinzendorf

Question 23

Sum of saving knowledge

Answer 23

Adaptation of / to WCF

Applicable nature

Covers covenants: works, grace, redemption

Means of Grace

3 fold office of Christ

Question 24

Glory of Christ (J. Owen )

Answer 24

Based on John 17:24; …they may behold my glory

“…greatest privilege and advancement of believers…consists in beholding the glory of Christ”

2 ways to behold glory:

1. Sight (eternity)
2. Faith (this life) = fit for heaven, change us into image of Christ, rest to our souls, spring eternal life

Question 25

Act of Uniformity

Answer 25

1662 May Ministers forced to Vow to: Use Prayer Book Follow guidelines Passivity towards king Threat: fines & imprisonment RESPONSE: 2000 clergy left

Question 26

Five Mile Act

Answer 26

Nonconformists banned from - living 5 miles from town or ministry post - being school teachers

Question 27

2nd Conventicle Act

Answer 27

1670 Removed severity of 5 mile Act Instituted fines for pastor & church

Question 28

The Test Act

Answer 28

1673 No Catholic civil office bearer 30 miles from London Lords Supper Orthodoxy

Question 29

James 2nd

Answer 29

Catholic Reestablish it in England Appoints Jesuits / monks into office 1687 seek religious tolerance (Puritans reject)

Question 30

William of Orange

Answer 30

Son in law of James 2nd Invited by parliament to overthrow James 2 Bloodless revolution resulted Declared joint sovereign of England $ Scotland

Question 31

Toleration Act

Answer 31

A 1689 Act that required ministers to vow their: 1. allegiance to King / Queen 2 Rejection of the Pope, Transubstantiation, invocation of Mary / saints 3. Subscription to 39 Articles

Question 32

Puritan concerns

Answer 32

1. Regulative Worship (simple) 2. Communion of Saints 3. Church Order & Government 4. Evangelism / Missions

Question 33

Kings Confession of 1580

Answer 33

Declaration that Scotland is a Reformed Nation, signed by Jame 6th, clergy, nobles.

Question 34

Scottish Theologians

Answer 34

1. David Dickson 2. James Guthrie 3. Samuel Rutherford

Question 35

David Dickson

Answer 35

Scottish theologian who was a key figure in National Covenant who was exiled and returned to a revival.

Question 36

James Guthrie

Answer 36

Scottish theologian who was the first martyr of "Killing Times"

Question 37

Samuel Rutherford

Answer 37

Scottish theologian concerned w doctrine of the church / state who wrote Lex Rex and was as a result viewed as a traitor

Question 38

National League & Covenant

Answer 38

1638 1664 burned

Question 39

1662 Act

Answer 39

Every ministry posted from 1649 to be vacated Of the 10,000 -270 resigned Replaced by English clergy (Kirot, derogatory term)

Question 40

Dragnet Act

Answer 40

Congregants who fail to attend Worship fined Armed protest march was met with violet force (190 dead overall)

Question 41

Killing Tomes

Answer 41

18,000 killed 30,000 Presbyterians flee to N Ireland Some with seek to stop severity against Presbyterians 40 Presbyterian clergy join Episcopals 1669 Royal pardon. 50 returned

Question 42

3 Divisions of Covenanters

Answer 42

1. Lawful to return 2. Not lawful (until Episcopal removed), could sit under teaching 3. Not lawful to return, nor cooperate, nor associate w returnees

Question 43

Witsius (ch 17 Preaching law and gospel)

Answer 43

Sees the law as subservient to covenant of grace & gospel Law preached to: - make soul long for grace of Christ - recognize Christ perfect fulfillment for us - desire obedience - be an example to others Grace teaches us to deny ungodliness (Titus 2)