Midterm

Question 1

what causes clear specks on a xray

Answer 1

dirty screen

Question 2

What causes a black film on the border

Answer 2

light fogged film

Question 3

what are the semilunar marks on an xray

Answer 3

fingernail marks or bent film

Question 4

what is a christmas tree marks on an xray

Answer 4

static artifact

Question 5

yellow or brown discoloration

Answer 5

exhausted fixer

Question 6

T/F radiographs are legal property of the doctors office or hospital where they are made

Answer 6

true

Question 7

T/F Based upon lecture and the article “The HIPAA Privacy Rule and Adolescents Legal Questions and Clinical Challenges”, a health history associated with pre- x-ray procedures, in a chiropractic practice; have protected status and are confidential
for all adolescents.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

T/F Insurance groups have the right to review your patient’s radiographs and tie
reimbursement for the taking and / or interpretation to a standard of quality.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F the acanthion is facial landmark found on the mandible

Answer 9

false

Question 10

T/F an AP lower cervical where the mentum superimposes over the third cerivical is most likely caused by spinal extension

Answer 10

false

Question 11

T/F the first cervical radiograph view taken on “trauma” patient is the lateral

Answer 11

true

Question 12

T/F cervical views benefit from suspension of respiration after deep inspiration

Answer 12

false

Question 13

T/F Under the HIPAA privacy rule, adolescents who legally are adults and emancipated minors can exercise the rights of individuals and therefore they have the right to make health care decisions

Answer 13

true

Question 14

T/F parents are considered to be the “personal rep” of their unemancipated minors and therefore have access to their childrens protected health information

Answer 14

true

Question 15

T/F Doctors seeking to insulate themselves from potential “failure-to- diagnose” malpractice liability by sending X-rays to a chiropractic or medical radiologist will
find obtaining a second interpretation of X-rays is a guaranteed way to avoid liability

Answer 15

false

Question 16

According to the article “What Wins Malpractice Cases”, what was the factor statistically associated with or the predictor of payment to patients?

Answer 16

the patient was awarded, despite cause or negligence, if they were permanently disabled

Question 17

function of a filter is to

Answer 17

absorb xrays

Question 18

what is the correct order from least radiopaque to most?

Answer 18

air, fat, water, bone, metal

Question 19

what is minimally required for medicolegal identification

Answer 19

patients ID
Examination date
marker

Question 20

ten day rule for females of child bearing age refers to performing non emergency abdominal-pelvic xray

Answer 20

during the 10 days after onset of menstration

Question 21

an oblique view of the cervical spine shows all the IVF fully open but if a mandibular rami superimposes over the upper cervical vertebral. this indicates which type of “less than optimum” patient placement

Answer 21

patient’s head is not rotated 90*

Question 22

To obtain an AP projection of the entire cervical spine, without superimposition of either the mandible or the occiput, one should

Answer 22

use the wagging jaw projection

Question 23

For an AP or lateral view of the cervical spine, vertical (up or down) shift of a pair of identical anatomical structures indicate which type of “less-than- optimum” patient placement?

Answer 23

tilt lateral flexion

Question 24

There are two basic principles that guide the use of radiographic technology. Commonly two acronyms are used; ALARA and AHARP. Which of the following are correct as they relate to AHARP?

Answer 24

a guide for radiographiic quality

as high as reasonable possible

Question 25

To best visualize the left intervertebral foramen in the cervical region, which of the following position should be done?

Answer 25

RPO with 15 in cephalic angle

Question 26

A Davis Series refers to the following series of radiographs:

Answer 26

cervical

Question 27

artifacts associated with inadequate processing?

Answer 27

Pi lines

Question 28

what are required for proper film identification

Answer 28

patients name office name exam date office address

Question 29

penetrating power of xray is

Answer 29

kilo-voltage

Question 30

definition of radiographic contrast would be

Answer 30

tonal relationship between one density and another

Question 31

the more angled the beam penetrating the object the more

Answer 31

elongated and magnified

Question 32

distance between parts to be radiographed and the image receptors is commonly referred to as

Answer 32

object image distance

Question 33

what exposure parameter will not increase the amount of denisty of a radiograph

Answer 33

increased focal film distance

Question 34

doubling focal film distance required____ to compensate and maintain the film density

Answer 34

four times the mAs

Question 35

principle of electrostatic law implies

Answer 35

electron will repel and electron

Question 36

function of a screen is to

Answer 36

convert xrays to light

Question 37

what type of radiation is the major consituent emitted from the target

Answer 37

Bremestrahulung

Question 38

what is the most frequent cause to repeat radiographs

Answer 38

under exposure

Question 39

highest mA will produce

Answer 39

highest contrast

Question 40

14.In order to maintain density, miliaperage and exposure time are found to be ___ each other

Answer 40

inversely proportional to

Question 41

A ____ kV change is the minimum necessary to produce noticeable (minor) change in penetration on a radiograph from the original used at 5.5 kV

Answer 41

5.0 kV

Question 42

An increase in radiographic factors from the normally expected radiographic chart would be required when a patient has which of the following contraindications

Answer 42

emphysema

Question 43

Original technique used: 45 mAs 70 kV 40” SID If the mA was set at 300, what time station would have been set?

Answer 43

3/20

Question 44

Original technique used: 200 mA 4/5 sec 70 kV 40” SID If the mA was set at 300, what time station would have been set?

Answer 44

.4 sec

Question 45

What corrections should be made for an AP projection of the pelvis if the greater trochanters are seen partially overlapping the femoral necks

Answer 45

invert LE 15*

Question 46

An oblique view of the lumbar spine shows one pedicle placed over the posterior half of the vertebral body. The position was _____

Answer 46

over rotated

Question 47

radiograph with many shades of density poses

Answer 47

too little density

Question 48

with all factors unchanged if OID is reduced image mag will

Answer 48

directly decrease

Question 49

what is most essential in producing a rad image

Answer 49

penetration

Question 50

Which of the following interactions between x-ray photos and matter makes the most significant contribution to patient dose?

Answer 50

photoelectric effect

Question 51

In which of the following radiographic examination is collimation to the film size, or less, of greatest important in a possibly pregnant female patient?

Answer 51

chest

Question 52

what is seen in oblique film of cspine

Answer 52

IVF and pedices

Question 53

T/F If the mAs is decreased by half increasing the Kv by 7 1/5% should approximately the same film density

Answer 53

false

Question 54

T/F When using the protective copper and aluminum fiber on a female patient, the aluminum side is placed away the tube

Answer 54

true

Question 55

T/F The quality of the x-ray photons with the x-ray beam is primarily controlled by the kilovoltage

Answer 55

true

Question 56

T/F cathode side of xray tube is where xray photons are produced

Answer 56

false