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SOC 2000 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Why is the social world important? (3)

A

1) Shared expectations help to create social orders
2) Individuals and social mutually influence each other
3) People are fundamentally social beings

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2
Q

Define sociology

A

Study of social life, change, and social causes and consequences on society

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3
Q

Diad

A

Smallest group, 2 people

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4
Q

Small group

A

3- teens (family)

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5
Q

Large group

A

Latinos/Ethnic group in the US

Gender

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6
Q

Nation

A

US, a country

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7
Q

Global society

A

World

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8
Q

How are groups defined?

A

By recurrent social patters, ordered behavior, shared experience among members, and common understandings

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9
Q

Underline assumptions made to understand sociology (5)

A

1) People are social, need to understand to get through life.
2) People spend most of their lives in groups
3) Interactions b/w people and groups are reciprocal
4) Conflict and changer are inevitable
5) All groups have certain organizing characteristics

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10
Q

Difference in sociology and common sense

A

Bias

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11
Q

Sociological Imagination Theory

Person, Definition

A

Charles Wright Mills

In order to think sociologically, make the relationships b/w individuals micro experiences and larger social and political forces

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12
Q

What kind of questions do sociologists make?

A

Objective and scientific

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13
Q

Levels of analysis are based on..

A

Size of groups

Micro- small
Macro- large

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14
Q

Social Structures are

A

All inter-connected

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15
Q

Social unit

A

Inter-connected parts of the social world

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16
Q

Social structure

A

People in groups that bring order to our lives and hold social units together (activism)

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17
Q

Social institutions

A

Provides the rules, roles, and relationships to control social behavior (Govt, school, police)

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18
Q

Social processes

A

Actions taken by people in social units

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19
Q

Process of socialization

A

How we learn social expectations for society

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20
Q

Environment

A

Setting surrounding each social unit

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21
Q

What does a theory do?

A

Explain

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22
Q

Theoretical perspective

A

Help to view social phenomena to a very specific point of view

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23
Q

Name the four theories

A

1) Structural Functionalism
2) Symbolic Interactionism
3) Conflict Theory
4) Feminism

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24
Q

Define Structuralism

A

Social world is made up of inter connected parts whose purpose is to make society run smoothly

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25
Define social dysfunction
Something that no longer works for society (ex slavery)
26
Define symbolic interactionism
Symbols that are given meanings and how we construct our social reality from those symbols and meanings
27
Define Conflict theory
Social inequality; in a constant struggle for valued but limited resources; rich will abuse their power to keep those resources open
28
Define Feminsm
Patriarchy is a cause for a lack of causes or resources over minority groups (male privilege)
29
Define rational choice theory
Whenever we go to make decisions as individuals or a social collective we weigh a cost benefit ratio. Change variables you change thought process
30
Social stratification 4 of them
Hierarchical of people based on sociodemographic factors 1) Race/Ethnicity 2) Socio-economic Status 3) Sex/Gender Identity 4) Sexual Orientation
31
Define Intersectionality
Some demographic factors work together to give different social experiences
32
Latent/Manifest Functioning
Manifest- Intended consequence of social thing | Latent- Unintended
33
Society represents the _________ | and the culture represents the _________
Hardware | Software
34
Define culture
Script of human life Different in all places Make societies unique A way of life shared by a group of people
35
Characteristics of cultures
``` Knowledge Symbols Languages Customs Belief Rules/laws Values ```
36
Define structures of society
Positions we hold Groups we belong to Institutions we participate in
37
Define mechanic society
Pre-simple modern society is held together by human beliefs, common values, and emotional ties and positions divided by male and female roles
38
Define Organic Society
Large society is held together by a specialization of tasks; division of labor is by specialization of tasks and forms bureaucracies; loose tie friends
39
4 things about culture
1) Everyone shares cultures 2) Evolves and adapts over time 3) Creature of culture is creeping and cumulative 4) Transmission of culture speedsters us from other animals
40
Real vs. Ideal Culture
We teach new members of society the ideal culture to give aspirations
41
Define ethnocentrism
Tendency to view ones own group and it's culture expectations as right, proper, and superior to others
42
Define Cultural Relativism
Setting aside ones own personal beliefs and prejudices to understand a culture by its own standards
43
Define Micro culture
Organizations that influence only a small segment of an individuals life or small period of time
44
Define Subculture
Social unit that is smaller than a nation but large enough to sustain a person throughout lifespan. Have elements that make them unique. Influence life is pervasive ways. Share expectations of dominant cultures and conventions. NOT NEGATIVE. Lgbtqa
45
Define Counterculture
Group with expectations that counter contrast sharply with the dominant values of a particular society. Practices can go against laws. Some aspects are accepted KKK
46
Define globalization
Process of making the globe one single social culture
47
Define Global culture
Behavioral standards, symbols, material objects, and values that have become common across the globe Nike, Starbucks, Apple
48
Define material culture
All of the objects we see/touch; all of the artifacts of a group of people
49
Define non-material culture
Intangible parts of a culture Beliefs, values, rules
50
Define socialization
The lifelong process of learning to become a member of society, learning the values and beliefs of our culture
51
Building block of socialization?
Interaction, especially in childhood. Nature/nurture works equally to shape humans
52
Define Social self
Perceptions of who we are Self derives from perceptions of how others respond to us
53
What did George Herbert do? Lol
We view ourselves through our interactions with others, once we can symbolically recognize objects we see ourselves as objects.
54
Parts of self??? 2
Eye- Spontaneous impulsive parts of ourselves without thinking of social consequences Me- Reflex self formed through roll taking that knows the rules of society and attempts to control the eye into acceptable behavior
55
Stages of development in children (3)
1) Child observes and imitates others 2) Play at taking on the role of significant others and do not understand complex relationships 3) Children take on the roles of others and generalized others
56
Stages of socialization (6)
1) Infancy 2) Childhood 3) Adolescence 4) Adulthood 5) Middle adulthood 6) Retire
57
Resocialization
Process of abandoning one or more social positions in favor of others that are more suitable for a newly acquired status Can be involuntary
58
Agents of socialization
People, organizations, and institutions that enable us to learn the beliefs, values, and behaviors of our social culture
59
Examples of agents of socialization
Family Media Formal Informal- isn't stated but still happens
60
How do families use socialization?
Use positive/negative sanctions to help us teach children right and wrong
61
Socialization differs by... (3)
1) Culture 2) Subculture 3) # of children
62
Define deviance
Violation of social norms
63
Social function is best describe by
Structural function of deviances
64
6 examples of social functions from deviance
1) Sets examples for acceptable behavior 2) Provides behavior that is necessary to maintain social order 3) Bonds people through their common rejection of deviant behavior 4) Provides jobs for those who deal with behavior 5) Can signal problems that need to be addressed or changed 6) Opens society to new and creative ways of thinking
65
Misconceptions of Deviance (3)
1) Those who deviate are socially recognizable 2) Deviants purposely and knowingly break the law 3) Deviance occurs because their is an honest selfish element of human beings
66
Define crime
When the cj system gets involved and formal penalties are imposed by society
67
Stigma is the disapproval attached to disobeying the expected behavior
True af
68
People are bonded to society in these four ways
Attachment Commitment Environment Belief
69
Two factors that have a tendency to conform
Internal controls- inside voice | External- Society's informal and formal control

SOC 2000 (1 decks)

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