Midterm Flashcards
(34 cards)
Eurocentric
Seeing history through the lenses of European values, taking things from the European perspective
Teleology
The idea history is moving towards something better. It also assumes that things happen for a reason, and that is to make things better.
Columbian Exchange:
Known as the Grand Exchange, was a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations(slaves), communicable disease, and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian Hemisphers following the fvoyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492
Navigation Acts:
Laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies. THe goal was to force colonial development into lines favourable to England. And stop direct colonial trade with the Netherlands, France and other European countries.
What are the 2 stipulations of the Navigation Acts:
1) Allowed only English or Colonial Owned ships to enter American Ports
2) Required that American Colonials could only ship products back to England
Enlightenment:
Cultural movement of intellectuals in the 17th and 18th centuries. First in Europe then in the American colonies. Purpose was to reform cociety using reason, challenge ideas grounded in faith, and advance knowledge through the scientific method
4 Enlightenment philosophies:
- Law-like order of the natural world
- The power of human rights
- The Natural rights of individuals(Right of being born a human)
- The progressive improvement of society
** These emphasized the power of human reason to understand and shape the world
Salutary Neglect:
This is when England didn’t really care about what the colonies, where doing, they knew they were breaking laws, but didn’t want to deal with them at the time
John Locke
Was and English philosopher, said that Nature isn’t everything, and started the whole nature versus Nurture idea.
Also Social contract is the idea that we pay for the government’s protection
What are John Locke two main publications
Essay Concerning Human Understanding
Two treaties of Government
both in 1690
Essay Concerning Human Understanding:
Discussed the impact of environment and experience on human behavior and beliefs
Argued that caracter of individuals and society could be changed through education, rational thought, and purposeful action
Two treaties of Government
Posited that authority to govern was not given by god, Rather it derived from the “social Contract” that people made to preserve their natural rights to Life, Liberty, and Property.
People have the right to change their governments
Tomas Paine’s Common Sense:
Jan 1776, this was the first call for a complete break from Brittan. He wanted America to be independent.
3/5 Clause
This was a compromise that 3 out of every 5 slaves would count for representation for government.
2 causes of the war of 1812:
Impressment- the British were forcing people from all over to work on their ships. THey attacked the USS Chesapeake, and Thomas Jefferson passed the embargo act of 1807, restricting trade with Brittan and France
Tension with Native Americans. British sold them guns that they used against the Americans
Transcendentalism
A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition.
** people could communicate with GOD individually.
Panic of 1837
Bank of England curtailed flow of money to US, and drop in price of cotton killed economy. Banks collapse as members tried to take more money out then was available.
Minstrel Show:
Popular form of Entertainment, where white actors painted faces and made fun of blacks. African Americans were portrayed as lazy, snesual, and irresponsible, ** also made fun of other minorities: Irish, women, and mocked upper-class men.
Coercive/Intolerable Acts
Wanted people to pay for boston tea party, but it ended up unifying the colonist
- closed boston harbor until paid off
- Government went back to british rule, town meetings were only allowed once a year.
- Quartering act-required colonies to provide barracks for British troops
- Allowed trials for capital crimes to be transferred to other colonies or to Britain.
Pietism:
Evangelical Christian movement that stresed the individual’s personal relation ship with GOD. (was very attractive to farmers and urban laborers.)
Dred Scott Vs Sanford:
Dred scott was an enslaved African American who lived with his owner in Wisconsin, a free state that prohibited slavery. He claimed that residence in a free state made him free. But the court decided that he was still a slave.
Main Arguments of justice in Dred scott vs Sanford
- A black whether slave or free could not be citizen, so he had no right to sue
- 5th amendment prohibited the unlawful seizur of property, so congrees could not prevent other citizens from taking their slave property into other territories
- The compromise that prohibited slavery had never been constitutional
- Congress could not give new territories power itself did not possess, and therefore could not outlaw slavery in territories
Fugitive Slave Act:
Part of the Compromise of 1850, Pretty much said that when runaway slaves were caputred they were to be returned to their masters
Name 3 Important abolitionists
William Lloyd Garrison
Frederick Douglass
Harriet Tubman
