Midterm

Question 1

Closed society

Answer 1

A community in which all changes meet with fear and mistrust, a critical discussion is subject to oppression, and democratic, individualistic, and egalitarian ideologies are banished

Question 2

Open society

Answer 2

Full of criticism and anti-dogmatism, a readiness for open discussion, dismissal of taboo and submission to authority of reason, and belief in universal brotherhood

Question 3

Polemology

Answer 3

The discipline dealing with the explanation of causes and determinants of wars and armed conflicts

Question 4

Irenology

Answer 4

The study of peace

Question 5

Structural violence

Answer 5

The result of inequalities existing in societies that are economic, political, or stem from unequal access to education

Question 6

What are some of the long term effects of family violence on individuals?

Answer 6

• Increased risk of chronic illness
• Alcohol and drug use
• Job loss (leading to economic vulnerability)
• Social isolation

Question 7

Which sex is twice as likely to be victims of police reported family violence?

Answer 7

Females

Question 8

Approximately what percent of family violence victims were physically assaulted? (StatsCan, 2015)

Answer 8

75%

Question 9

Which province reports the highest rate of family violence?

Answer 9

Saskatchewan

Question 10

Intimate partners are accused in what portion of police-reported violent crime?

Answer 10

1/3rd

Question 11

What is the most common type of victimization among IPV victims?

Answer 11

Physical assault

Question 12

Which provinces report the lowest rates of IPV?

Answer 12

Ontario and PEI

Question 13

Which group of people is at the highest risk of intimate partner homicide?

Answer 13

Females 25-29 years old

Question 14

Primary prevention

Answer 14

Approaches that aim to prevent violence before it occurs

Question 15

Secondary prevention

Answer 15

Approaches that focus on the more immediate responses to violence

Question 16

Tertiary prevention

Answer 16

Approaches that focus on long-term care in the wake of violence

Question 17

Decision (action) theory

Answer 17

The proximal cause of violence is an intention, choice, or decision

Question 18

Intimate partner violence

Answer 18

Any behaviour within a present or former intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm

Question 19

In what year did laws change so that a husband could no longer legally rape his wife?

Answer 19

1983

Question 20

What is the Duluth model? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 20

Men’s groups intended to reduce populations in prisons

Question 21

What are the limitations of the Duluth model? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 21

• No studies have found it to be effective
• Not based off of scientific research
• Problems with group interventions
• Too general

Question 22

What is one of the most common interventions for IPV currently? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 22

The Duluth model

Question 23

What is the “power and control wheel”? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 23

Conceptualizes IPV as one form of abuse to maintain male privilege

Question 24

What are the two distinct types of relationship violence that underscore differences in perpetration according to Johnson? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 24

• Patriarchal terrorism (later changed to coercive controlling violence)
• Common couple violence (later changed to situational couple violence)

Question 25

What is the primary criticism of conjoint interventions? (Armenti & Babcock, 2016)

Answer 25

Implies that victims are partially responsible

Question 26

Risk (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 26

The likelihood of an incident of violence occurring at some point in the future

Question 27

What are some criticisms of unaided clinical IPV risk assessment? (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 27

- Lack of validity and reliability - The clinical risk predictions are only slightly above chance - Competence in this area varies significantly between clinicians

Question 28

Illusory correlations (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 28

An assumed correlation between two factors that does not exist empirically

Question 29

Confirmatory bias (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 29

Placing emphasis on evidence which confirms an opinion and paying less attention to evidence to the contrary

Question 30

Hindsight bias (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 30

The overestimation of the predictability of an outcome after the fact

Question 31

What is the emphasis on with actuarial IPV risk assessment? (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 31

Predicting a specified behaviour within a specified time frame

Question 32

What are the limitations of actuarial IPV risk assessment? (Bowen, 2011)

Answer 32

- Focuses on predicting future behaviour | - Limited number of variables

Question 33

What method of homicide is more common in IPH (compared to non-IPH)? (Caman, 2017)

Answer 33

Strangulation

Question 34

After separation, at what time is the risk for IPH highest? (Caman, 2017)

Answer 34

First 3 months

Question 35

What are some of the risk factors for IPH presented by Caman (2017)?

Answer 35

- Social disadvantage - Chronic substance abuse - Estrangement in combination with prior IPV - Previous threats - Nonfatal strangulation - Stepchild in the relationship

Question 36

What were the hypotheses of the Caman (2017) study?

Answer 36

- Perpetrators of IPH are less disadvantaged in regard to sociodemographic characteristics - Perpetrators of IPH are less likely to have a criminal offending history - Perpetrators of IPH have less persistent criminal offending history (ie. lower number of convictions) - Perpetrators of IPH are more likely to commit suicide in connection with the offence compared to non-IPH perpetrators

Question 37

What did Caman (2017) recommend?

Answer 37

- That IPH offences be considered as a separate type from non-IPH offences

Question 38

What did Caman (2017) find regarding victims of IPH and how they differ from victims of non-IPH?

Answer 38

Victims of IPH had lower levels of criminality