- Founded Santa Fe - Killed, enslaved indians - Started Pueblo-Presidio system

Midterm Flashcards by Rod Gpm

Tehotihuacan

One of oldest precolonial cities

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Tenochtitlan

Most important city in precolonial Mexico (today Mexico City)

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Cahokia

Pre-colombian native american (Caddoan) city in Missourri (MOUNDS)

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Chaco Canyon

Cliff dwelling people built sun calendar, figured out the cycles of the moon, and built a ceremonial city

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Reconquista (1492)

Effort by Spanish to retake Spain from the moors

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New Spain

(Mexico) Established by Hernan Cortez

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How did Cortez beat the Aztecs?

Allied with tribal enemies

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Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca

Wrote account of his travels through America (became a sensation)
- Accidentally landed in Florida, went by land all the way to Texas for 8 yrs

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Hernando De Soto

Looked for treasure (inspired by Cabeza de Vaca)

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Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

Looked for treasure in Texas, found nothing -> led to Tx being ignored for 100 yrs

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Juan de Onate

Founded Santa Fe
Killed, enslaved indians
Started Pueblo-Presidio system

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Pueblo Revolt

Pueblo Indians had enough of Pueblo-Presidio system in Santa Fe (Killed Spaniards, drove them out)

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Techas means

friend

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French La Salle Expeditions

3 Trips around Mississippi river, met Caddo Indians, French set up missions

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Sanctuary Decree

King of Spain declared any escaped slave from Charlestown would be set free

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San Agustin & Charlestown

Border forms between Spanish and English towns -> rising tensions

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Deepest natural port

Pensacola

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Los Adaes

Spanish town across border of French in Natchitoches

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San Antonio de Bexar

Fort

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San Antonio de Valero

Mission

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Comanches were known for being

masters of horseback

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La Bahia

Spanish fort in Goliad

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Sistema de Castas

Caste system based on background (not so much race), allowed for levels of citizenship

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French & Indian War

International War where French lost and withdrew from N.A, forming new borders

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Toussant L'Ouverture

Haitian revolutionary, made US, Spain, scared

Miguel Hidalgo

Wanted reform, led troops into Guanajuato, captured, killed

Juan Bautista de las Casas

Led revolt in San Antonio

Treaty of Cordoba

Mexican independence after Spain surrenders

Battle of Medina

Battle to declare Mx, later Tx, independence from spain (bloodiest battle in Tx history)

James Long

Marched to Nacogdoches to declare Texan Independence but was later captured at la Bahia

Adams Onis Treaty

Sold Florida to US, defined US v Spanish border

Moses Austin

Saw real estate opportunity in bringing American settlement into Tx

Baron de Bastrop

Multilingual mayor of San Antonio who met with Moses Austin and struck a deal

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Drew line West to define how new states would enter the Union

Stephen F Austin

Moses' son who continued negotiations (this time with Mexico) to move Anglos into Texas (Austin's Colony)

Slavery in Mexico in 1800s

Each state had own interpretation, but let Anglos bring own slaves

Natchez Trace

Dirt path people used to get to Texas from Tennessee

Mexican Constitution of 1824

Focused on State Power over Federal, Slavery remained ambiguous

Republic of Fredonia

Founded by Hayden Edwards when his son in law lost election in Nacogdoches

Tejano

Mexicans in Tx

Texian

Anglos in TX

Coahuila Tejas

Single Mexican state where question of slavery got heated

Coahuila crackdown on slavery

Declared any child born to a slave would be free

Tx slaveholders response to Coahuila crackdown

Declared slaves indentured servants for 99 yrs

Spanish attempt to retake Mx

Defeated by Santa Anna

Anastasio Bustamante

President of Mx pushed for fed govt power and made slavery illegal

Santa Anna

Mexican leader who believed in State power, overthrew Bustamante, repealed slavery law

Santa Anna change of mind

became a federalist once in power, removed legislature

Mx State Rebellions

State rebellions across Mx in response to Santa Anna seize of power (squashed by army)

Will Travis

Led Texans to Anahuac to force Mx to stop collecting customs tax

First Texan meeting of action

Washington on the Brazos

Mexican army at Alamo largely untrained except

Cavalry

Martin Perfecto de Cos

Lost San Antonio to Texans

Alamo siege lasted

13 days

Runaway scrape

Exhaust Mexican army through retreat

Battle of San Jacinto

Sam Houston attacks Santa Anna w/ overwhelming victory

Armistice

Forced agreement that Santa Anna signed to leave Texas

Treaties of Velasco

Public: hostilities would end, remove troops, restore property (slaves) Private: S.A. pledged to use influence to recognize TX Broken by both sides

Zacatecas Revolt

First attempt to centralize affairs of states against govt of Santa Anna

Houston good friends with

President Jackson

__ % of Texans voted to join US, even though they weren't admitted immediately

Republic of Texas lasted

9 yrs

President Mirabeau Lamar

2nd President

Second Seminole War

Florida: Seminoles angry after Indian Removal Act

Lamar and Houston relationship

Political enemies

___ pursued Indian extermination

Mirabeau Lamar

Lamar changed capital from

Houston to Waterloo (Austin)

Santa Fe Expedition

Texas sends people to Santa Fe to see if citizens want to attack Mexico, botched, arrested, captured

Mier Expedition

Houston orders militia to pursue Mexicans after they invaded. Leads to a defeat

How does Houston play US to trick into getting annexed

Played up alliance w Britain

___ said annexation of Tx was essential to preserve slavery

John C Calhoun

Wilmot Proviso

American law to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico

Manumission

Gradually free slaves, but don't include in "white society"

William Garrisson

abolitionist who opposed Texas admission

Andrew Jackson was a

Democrat

Whigs were ___ slavery

against

Whigs became the

Free Soil Party

Anson Jones

"Architect of annexation"

Before Annexation, John O. Sullivan urged to admit Texas through

Manifest Destiny

General Scott

Landed in Veracruz, marched troops to DF

Cause of US Mexican War

US wanted North of Mexico

Free Soil Party became

Republican Party

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Huge MX secession

Gadsden Purchase

US bought Arizona/New Mexico land from Mexico

Midterm Flashcards

(84 cards)