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POLY SCI 100 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Polis

A

A Greek origin of a self governing city surrounded by agricultural land. Means politics, politician, policy, and police

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2
Q

Civitas

A

Roman origin but later became Latin meaning citizen

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3
Q

Politics

A

The process which people make collective decisions

  • disagreements and reconciliation
  • the art of Compromise due to conflict resolution between many people with different opinions
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4
Q

Coalitions

A

The joining of two or more parties during a conflict of interest with other parties

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5
Q

Three main kinds of coalitions

A
  • personal relationships (pm and caucus members)
  • formal alliances (NATO)
  • less formal/mass politics (political parties and the public)
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6
Q

Power

A

The ability to control and manipulate ones environments and everything in it

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7
Q

Three forms of political power

A
  • influence
  • authority
  • coercion
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8
Q

Influence

A

The ability to persuade others to do your will, to convince them to want what you want them to do

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9
Q

Authority

A

The form of power in which people obey commands bc they respect the source of the command

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10
Q

Coercion

A

Is the deliberate subjection of ones will to another through fear of harm or consequences

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11
Q

Natural authority

A

Exists whenever one person spontaneously defers to the judgement of another person

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12
Q

Public authority

A

Exists whenever an office or position is deliberately created to the judgement of agreement to wield power

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13
Q

Legitimacy

A

Is the feeling of respect for authority that exists in those who obey. (Government power without legitimacy is only coercion or force)

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14
Q

Authority, legitimacy, obligation

A

Right of command, belief in rightness of command,and sense of duty

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15
Q

Three types of authority

A

Traditional, legal, charismatic

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16
Q

Traditional authority

A

Based on the inherited position, not chosen by others but rather passed down through family (monarch)

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17
Q

Legal authority

A

Stems from general rules which are binding on all participants in the system. Legally created offices with different people (pm/political party)

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18
Q

Charismatic authority

A

An influence and force towards someone with no reason

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19
Q

Levels of feudalism

A

Kings-nobles-knights-peasants

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20
Q

1688:

A

English revolution. England overthrew king James 2 and established a dominated Protestant constitutional monarchy

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21
Q

1775-1783

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A

The American revolution establishing independence of the 13 North American colonies from Britain. Creating the republic of the United States of American

22
Q

1789

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A

The French Revolution. Most influential. Is associated with the rise of the bourgeoisie and the down fall of aristocracy

23
Q

1946-1949

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A

The Chinese communist revolution. Consolidation of power by the Chinese communist party

24
Q

Sovereignty

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A

Comes from the Latin term super meaning above. Denotes one who is superior. The authority that overrides all authorities

25
Forms of sovereignty
Personal, parliamentary, popular
26
Personal
The right to exercise domestic rule free from interference by other sovereigns (monarch)
27
Parliamentary sovereignty
The parliament may take or repeal whatever law it chooses. The executive authority of government symbolized by the crown. Can only be exercised by members of the parliament
28
Popular sovereignty
Laws should be made by the people meeting in direct democratic fashion, not by elective representatives to legislate them. Authority comes from the people and cannot be delegated
29
The state
Exists when a sovereign power effectively rules over a population residing within the boundaries of a fixed territory
30
A state is defined by its
Population, territory, and sovereignty
31
Citizenship
A membership of a state | Historically only free men could be citizens. Not woman children or slaves
32
Rights of citizens
Basic rights of residence, right to participate in politics.
33
Obligation of citizens
Payment of taxes, military services, and obey the laws
34
Jus Soli
Right of soil. Anyone born within the. Boundaries of the state automatically becomes a citizen. (UK, France, US, Canada )
35
Jus sanguinis
The right to blood. Meaning that only children of citizens acquire citizenship by birth
36
The nation state
Used to emphasize the state is participatory. Is an association of citizens not just an organized system of power within a territory. A state with a predominant national identity
37
Ethnic nations
Those in which the national identity depends primarily on objective factors of language, race,or religion
38
Civic nation
Nations have an identity that depends on the acceptance of political order
39
Types of nations/states
Nation-state, bi-nation state, multinational state(Canada)
40
Constitutionalism
The belief that government is not the controlling force of society but an instrument within society. (Society is a limited state)
41
The constitution
Stipulates which power will be exercised by which person or body and which powers will not be exercised by anyone
42
A constitution
A set of fundamental rules and principles by which a state is organized (comprised of laws and customs as well as conventions)
43
A convention
Is a practice or custom that is consistently followed by those in government even though it's not legally required
44
Functions of a constitution
- Establish powers and responsibilities of legislative - executive and judicial branches of government - allocates powers to different levels if government (fed,prov,local) - enumerate the rights of citizens in relationship to each other and to the government(bill of rights) - stipulates procedures for amending the constitution
45
Judicial interpretation
Whatever happens in formal amending procedures, the most important mechanism of constitution change in Canada. Is important for flushing out the divisions of power between federal and provincial
46
Rule of law
People should not be subject to the unhindered discretion of others but that all should obey known, predictable, and impartial rules of conduct
47
Discretion
The flexibility to decide something within the broader framework of rules
48
Habit
A purely personal rule of conduct
49
Custom
Habit gradually merges with custom as social forces come more into play
50
Customary law
Arises gradually and cannot be traced to an identifiable moment in time.

POLY SCI 100 (1 decks)

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