Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SP18: Oral Surgery > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(102 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which types of procedures require board certification?

A

Pathology, reconstruction, trauma, special needs, corrective jaw, hospital anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What factors go into insuring a proper incision?

A
  1. Sharp blade
  2. Firm continuous stroke
  3. Avoid anatomic structures
  4. Perpendicular to surface
  5. Proper location for closure/healing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: The base of a flap should be wider than the free margin.

A

True

Allows optimum blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is debridement?

A

Surgical excision of dead and devitalized tissue and removal of all foreign matter from a wound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When is sterile surgery necessary?

A

Sterile wounds such as TMJ, neck surgery, and salivary gland surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two principal requirements for surgery?

A
  1. Adequate visibility

2. Assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three factors needed for adequate visibility?

A
  1. Adequate access
  2. Adequate light
  3. Free of excess blood/fluids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F: Short, interrupted strokes are preferred when making incisions.

A

False

Long and continuous are preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: Incisions through attached gingiva and over healthy bone are preferred.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some complications of flap surgery?

A

Necrosis, dehiscence, tearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the ideal length and width of a flap?

A

Length should be no more than twice the width of the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can happen from using excessive force to pull tissues together which suturing?

A

Dehiscence - seperation of the flap margin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does an envelope flap involve release incisions?

A

No. You add release incisions to an envelope flap to allow better access

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most common scalpel blade for intraoral surgery?

A

No. 15 blade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What instrument is used to reflect the periosteum from underlying bone?

A

No. 9 Molt periosteal elevator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the use of the right-angle Austin retractor and the Minnesota retractor?

A

Retract cheek, tongue, flaps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The instrument most commonly used for removing bone in dento-alveolar surgery is the ___________.

A

rongeur forceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

________ are used for the fine smoothing of bone.

A

Bone files

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What instrument would be used to remove soft tissue from a socket?

A

Periapical curette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the three types of elevators?

A
  1. Straight
  2. Triangle/pennant
  3. Pick
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When would you use a triangular elevator?

A

Broken root remains and the adjacent socket is empty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the purpose of pick type elevators?

A

Remove fractured roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the three basic components of extraction forceps?

A

Handle, hinge, breaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Anterior teeth in the maxilla are normally removed with which forceps?`

A

Universal No. 150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the most commonly used forceps for maxillary molars?
No. 53 right and left
26
Which forceps are most commonly used for mandibular anterior teeth?
Universal No. 151
27
T/F: Right and left forceps are necessary for mandibular molar extraction.
False Needed for maxillary molars
28
What is a common forceps to use for mandibular molars?
No. 17
29
What are three anatomical contraindications for tooth extraction?
1. IAN proximity 2. Sinus 3. Adjacent teeth
30
T/F: Pregnancy could be a systemic contraindication for tooth extraction.
True
31
What are some factors affecting access to the tooth?
1. Max incisal opening 2. Angle's class 3. Tongue size 4. Gag reflex 5. Location of tooth
32
T/F: Gross calculus should be removed prior to extraction.
True
33
T/F: Teeth can be extracted without radiographs.
False
34
T/F: Radiographs used for extraction should be from within the last year.
True
35
What vital structures must be thought of during extraction?
Sinus and IAN
36
What is the most common mistake in patient positioning for extractions?
Chair to high
37
T/F: The behind the patient approach is sometimes used in mandibular extractions.
True
38
What are the three simple machine mechanisms used to extract teeth?
1. Lever 2. Wedge 3. Wheel and axle
39
Which machine mechanism can make it easy to break fragile elevators or teeth and bone?
Lever mechanism
40
T/F: Teeth should be pulled out of the socket.
False Push, rock, rotate
41
What is the primary and secondary purpose of elevators?
P: loosen teeth and create space for forceps S: remove parts of tooth or root
42
T/F: Straight elevators are normally the first instruments used.
True Expansion of alveolus and loosening tooth/PDL
43
T/F: The straight elevators should utilize a fulcrum on adjacent teeth.
False
44
How should the straight elevator be used in the mesial/distal portions of the tooth to be extracted?
Apical portion wedged against crestal bone and the coronal portion pushes the tooth
45
T/F: The elevator should be used to scoop out the tooth.
False
46
How should pressure be applied with forceps?
First apically to seat forceps. Then buccal, lingual, rotational to expand alveolus. Do not just pull tooth
47
What is the step by step approach to simple extraction?
1. Confirm anesthesia 2. Release soft tissue 3. Elevate tooth 4. Adapt forceps to tooth 5. Luxate 6. Remove 7. Examine socket and curette 8. Place gauze and compress
48
Can you luxate with an elevator?
Yes - perpendicular to interproximal space, or parallel to long axis
49
In which direction is the initial and most profound force with the forceps?
Apically - moves center of rotation, expands alveolus
50
T/F: Force on forceps should begin at the wrist.
False From the shoulder/arm
51
T/F: Force on the tooth should be firm, steady, and sustained.
True
52
Which teeth are the most susceptible to fracture with rotational forces?
Teeth with multiple roots
53
What does it mean to compress the socket?
Post-extraction realigning the buccal plate
54
The major luxating forces are buccal for all teeth except.....
mandibular molars.
55
When making a release incision, where should the incision cross the gingival margin?
At the line angle of a tooth
56
What is the difference between a 3 cornered flap and a four cornered flap?
3 - one vertical release 4 - two vertical releases
57
How much tissue should be left between the suture and the edge of the flap?
3mm
58
How long are sutures left in?
5-7 days
59
T/F: Open extraction techniques should only be used in extreme conditions.
False In some instances can be more conservative than closed techniques
60
If surgical bone removal is needed how much bone should be removed?
Bone in the buccal plate should be removed to the width of the tooth and half-2/3 the length of the root
61
What should be the first step in trying to remove a root fragment?
Suction and irrigation - it will sometimes come out with suction
62
What two instruments can be used to remove root fragments?
Root tip pick - small fragment, light forces Straight elevator - larger fragments, still light forces
63
What is the open-window technique?
Drill a small hole into the bone at the apex of the tooth and push the root out
64
What are the four characteristics that may allow you to leave a root tip?
1. Less that 4 mm 2. Deeply embedded in bone 3. Not infected tooth 4. Not mobile
65
T/F: All unerupted teeth are impacted.
False Impacted teeth have not erupted in the expected sequence
66
T/F: It is recommended to leave impacted teeth alone until they present with problems.
False Much easier to remove them before they cause problems
67
What is the age range for eruption of third molars?
20-25
68
When is the ideal time to remove third molars?
Roots are 1/3 - 2/3 formed Ages 17-20
69
What are some reasons for removing impacted third molars?
1. Perio disease on 2nd molars 2. Caries on 2nd molars 3. Prevent repeated pericoronitis 4. Prevent root resorption 5. Under dental prosthesis 6. Odontogenic cysts and tumors
70
How should pericoronitis be managed?
Antimicrobial rinses to eleviate symptoms -> extract tooth when symptoms are gone
71
What are some contraindications for removing third molars?
1. Extremes of age (over 40) 2. Poor medical status 3. Close to adjacent structures
72
What classification presents the easiest mandibular third molar extraction?
Winter's 1 Mesioangular crown
73
Which classification is the most difficult?
Winter's 2 Distoangular
74
What is the most common maxillary third molar angulation?
Vertical
75
What is the most common mandibular third molar angulation?
Mesioangular
76
What are the two major indications for third molar removal?
Therapeutic - treat disease Prophylactic - prevent disease
77
How often should gauze be replaced after surgery?
Every hour
78
________ can greatly increase the risk of a dry socket.
Smoking
79
Peak pain occurs ___ hours after surgery.
12
80
T/F: The pain should not last more than 2 days.
True
81
When should the patient take the first analgesic?
Before local anesthetic wears off
82
No more than ______ worth of pain meds should be prescribed.
3 days
83
If surgical extraction is done, how should narcotics be prescribed?
Dispense 10 Tramadol 50mg or Norco 5mg/325mg
84
How should narcotics be prescribed in a non-surgical extraction?
No narcotics Dispense 10 NSAIDs If needed dispense 5 tramadol or Norco
85
When is the peak swelling after extractions?
36-48 hours
86
When should bleeding stop after extraction?
In the second day
87
What is the biggest key to bleeding management?
Have it stopped before the patient leaves the office
88
What is the cascade of wound healing?
Hemostasis (platelets) -> acute inflammation (granulocytes) -> proliferation (monocytes) -> remodeling (fibroblasts)
89
When is lamellar bone/marrow seen in the remodeling phase?
12-24 weeks
90
How long until the socket will appear healed over?
3 weeks
91
How long until radiographic healing is seen?
4-6 months
92
What is the critical radiation levels that will delay jaw healing?
over 5000cGy
93
What types of drugs can impair bone healing?
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates and RANKL inhibitors All must be high dose, potent drugs
94
What is localized alveolar osteitis?
Dry socket
95
T/F: A dry socket can be improved with antibiotics.
False Not an infection
96
During a dry socket, the patient gets stuck in the __________ stage of wound healing.
acute inflammation
97
How can you diagnose a dry socket?
3-5 days post op a change in quantity or quality of pain Gray/brown clot or total absence of clot
98
T/F: Dry socket is more likely in a mandibular tooth.
True
99
How can you decrease the risk of dry socket?
Chlorhexidine, good technique Not antibiotics
100
How is dry socket treated?
Irrigation and placement of palliative dressing - allow time to heal
101
T/F: Most patients will heal from dry socket in 3-5 days
True
102
What is the difference between osteitis and osteomyelitis?
Osteitis - inflammation of bone (dry socket) Osteomylitis - infection of bone

SP18: Oral Surgery (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions