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Tox 2 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

In levels of use terminology, abuse means

A

Continued use of the drug despite negative consequences

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2
Q

Which statmenet about cocaine is NOT true

A

Injecting cocaine gets to the brain faster than smoking cocaine

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3
Q

Drug effects ont he individual have been intensified due to

A

Development of more efficient and faster ways of putting drugs into the body

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4
Q

The most popular psychoactive substance over the millennia has been

A

Alcohol

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5
Q

Which of the following plants do not contain caffeine

A

Poppy and hemp

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6
Q

Lime chewed with cocoa levaes facilitates absorption of cocaine across the oral mucosa by

A

Alkalinizing saliva so that more cocaine is in the unionized form

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7
Q

The discovery of brain chemicals that acted like psychoactive drugs led to

A

All of the above

(More understanding of the process of addiction, more understanding of the process of mental illness, new uses of therapeutic drugs to treat addiction and withdrawal states)

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8
Q

A common drug used at parties now, GHB is classified as a

A

Sedative (downer)

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9
Q

The reward/reinforcement network in the brain is a/an ____ system

A

Dopaminergic

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10
Q

What is the name of the active chemical in marijuana

A

Delta-9 THC

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11
Q

Which of the following is used as a local anesthetic

A

Cocaine

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12
Q

Psychiatric medications

A

Are used to rebalance irregular brain chemistry

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13
Q

Which fo the following routes of administration acts the fastest upon the brain

A

Inhaling

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14
Q

When a drug is intra-venously injected, how long does it take for hte drug to reach the brain

A

15-30 seconds

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15
Q

The main barrier that drugs have to cross to affect the CNS is the

A

Blood-brain barrier

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16
Q

Which of the following is a function of the new brain

A

Creativity

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17
Q

Which is NOT a type of tolerance

A

Delayed tolerance

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18
Q

Which is NOT a desired effect of psychoactive drugs

A

To increase depression

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19
Q

Which is NOT TRUE regarding the CV effects of cocaine use

A

There are no cocaine receptors on the heart itself

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20
Q

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of long-term abuse of cocaine

A

Severe weight gain

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21
Q

Which of the following is correct for crack cocaine

A

Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine

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22
Q

Which fo teh following has NOT been a use for amphetamines

A

To relax muscles

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23
Q

Ice is to methamphetamine as ___ is to cocaine

A

Crack

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24
Q

Which fo the following is NOT a stimulant

A

GHB

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25
Which of the following is NOT true concerning nicotine
A chew of tobacco puts less nicotine into the bloodstream than one smoked cigarette
26
The neurotrasmitter that transmits pain is
Substance P
27
Which is a possible deadly side effect of using heroin intravenously
HIV infection
28
The most common medical use of opioids is
Analgesia
29
Which is an effect of sedative-hypnotics
Controls skeletal muscular spasms
30
Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal symptoms can include
Convulsions
31
Atropine (an anti-muscarinic) used to mask signs of narcotic use, will cause which effect
Mydriasis
32
One of the reasons that GHB and Rohpnol are similar to alcohol is their
Disinhibitory effect
33
Psychoactive drugs have been used throughout history to
All of the above | Induce altered state of consciousness, alter one’s mood and change perceptions, reduce pain or enhance senses
34
Narcotics will not cause which of the follwoing
Diarrhea
35
Hypodermic injection of drugs bypasses natural protective barriers of teh body and adds the danger of
Infections
36
Prior to the 1906 pure food and drug act, OTC pt meds were loaded with 3 of the following psychoactive substances. Which is the exceptions
Amphetamine | Cocaine, opium/morphine, alcohol
37
Ingestion of poisionous mushrooms that have muscarine will cause what efefct
Diarrhea
38
Which of the following is NOT classified as a stimulnt
Psilocybin
39
Large doses and overuse of stimulants can cause
All fo the above | Anxiety and paranoia, ange and aggressiveness, jitteriness and psychosis
40
The faster a psychoactive drug reaches its target in the CNS the
Greater its reinforcing effect
41
A developing fetus is very vulnerable to psychoactive drugs because
The placental barrier provides no protection
42
Addiction memories including euphoric recall are orchestrated by the
Old brain
43
Cravings to use psychoactive drugs resides primarily in the
Old brain
44
Tolerance means
Adaptation of the body to greater and greater amounts of a drug
45
In addition to heredity, what other two factors have a major role in creating a vulnerability to develop substance dependency
Environment and use of psychoactive substances or participation in compulsive behaviors
46
Children are more vulnerable than adults to the effects of drugs because they have less blood in their circulatory system and their organs are immature. T/F
True
47
Craving to use psychoactive drugs is primarily a new brain activity. T/F
False
48
The blood-brain barrier does not become fullly functional until about 2 years of age. T/F
True
49
The neurotransmitter most responsible for stimulating the reward/reinforcement center is GABA. T/F
False
50
Withdrawsal from amphetamines will cause seizures. T/F
False
51
Which of the following is a function of the new brain
Switch off drug use
52
Which is NOT used by athletes to enhance performance
Codeine
53
Which of the following is correct for cocaine
Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine
54
Which of the following has NOT been a use for amphetamines
To relax muscles
55
Which statement about cocaine is NOT true
Injecting cocaine gets to the brain faster than smoking cocaine
56
The psychoactive substance that can mimic the effects of acetylcholine at the muscle endplate and autonomic ganglia is
Nicotine
57
Hydrocodone is classified as a
Opiate
58
The drug that most effectively suppresses pain is
Heroin
59
Least intense withdrawal syndromes
Flurazepam
60
Which is not classified as a stimulant
Psilocybin
61
Reverse tolerance occurs
To the repeated use of only stimulant drugs

Tox 2 (3 decks)

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