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Fire Protection System (FIRE 130) > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Combustion

A

A chemical reaction in which a combustible material and an oxidizing agent produce heat or energy and other products that promote a self-sustaining process.

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2
Q

Fire

A

Is a chemical reaction that produces energy in the form of heat, light, and flame that is rapid and self-sustaining.

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3
Q

Spontaneous combustion

A

A fire that starts without a known external heat source applied to the material.

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4
Q

Fire triangle

A
  • Oxygen
  • Heat
  • Fuel
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5
Q

Smoldering

A

No flame in smothering but there is still heat.

Ex. of smoldering: charcoal, burning ashtray

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6
Q

Stages of fire

A
  • Incipient stage
  • Free burning stage
  • Flashover stage
  • Smoldering/Decay stage
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7
Q

Incipient stage

A
  • The start of the fire.
  • The stage of a fire at which the heat source, fuel, and oxygen come together to generate more heat than is dissipated to promote an uninhibited chain reaction.
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8
Q

Free burning stage

A

The stage of a fire at which the energy level begins to grow by consuming the air and materials necessary to generate a flammable gas and sustain combustion.

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9
Q

Flashover stage

A

The stage of a fire at which the combustible contents of a compartment are totally in flame.

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10
Q

Smoldering/Decay stage

A

The point at which the available fuel of a fire is exhausted or the oxygen level has dropped below 16 percent.

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11
Q

BTU

A

British thermal Unit, the quantity of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.

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12
Q

Conduction

A

The transfer of heat from one body of material to another by direct contact.

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13
Q

Convection

A

The transfer of heat from one body of material to another through a medium such as a liquid or gas.

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14
Q

Oxidation

A

The process of combining a substance or material with oxygen.

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15
Q

Radiation

A

The transfer of heat through electro magnetic energy, such as light.

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16
Q

Ignition

A

The energy formed when a heat source, fuel, and oxygen come together to generate more heat than dissipated, promoting an uninhibited chain reaction.

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17
Q

Adopt

A

The process of officially accepting and putting something into action.

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18
Q

Automatic fire sprinkler system

A

A network of underground and overhead piping designed to supply water from one or more sprinkler heads.

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19
Q

Code

A

A system of rules, regulations, or laws usually developed by government that has statutory authority to be enforced.

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20
Q

ICC

A

International Code Council - a nonprofit member-supported organization that develops and maintains CONSTRUCTION codes which are made available to government agencies adoption.

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21
Q

Model code

A

A system of rules, guidelines, methods, and regulations typically developed through the consensus process by private, not-for-profit organizations.

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22
Q

NFPA

A

National Fire Protection Association- a nonprofit member-supported organization that develops and maintains over 300 codes and standards for use by any organization.

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23
Q

Air sampling smoke detector

A

A type of smoke detector designed to draw air from the protected area into a detection chamber for analysis.

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24
Q

Annunciation panel

A

A device that uses indicating lamps, alphanumeric displays, or other means to provide first responders with status, condition, and location information concerning fire alarm system components and devices.

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25
Candela (cd)
A measurement of luminance or light intensity in a given direction.
26
Fixed temperature heat detector
A type of fire detector that activates when the sensing element reaches a predetermined temperature.
27
Ionization smoke detector
A type of smoke detector that uses a small amount of radioactive material.
28
Line detector
A type of detection device that uses a tube or wires running in different directions as the sensing element to provide a coverage over a wide area.
29
Radiant energy detector
A detector that looks for specific portions of the visible and invisible light spectrum produced by flames, sparks, or embers.
30
Rate compensation heat detector
Type of detector that responds to predetermined air temperatures.
31
Rate-of-rise heat detector
A type of heat detector that senses how much temperature change takes place over a fixed amount of time.
32
Spot detector
A type of detection device that provides coverage in a specific area where the sensing element is in a fixed location.
33
Auxiliary fire alarm system
A fire alarm system that directly connects to the municipal communications via the same transmitting equipment as the municipal fire alarm boxes.
34
Central station service fire alarm system
A fire alarm system that automatically transmits all system functions and fire alarm signals to a central station facility that is staffed with trained, qualified, and proficient personnel.
35
Combination system
A form of fire alarm system that supervises not only fire detection and suppression system inputs but also other non-fire inputs, including burglary, carbon monoxide, and medical alert inputs.
36
High-rise building
A building that has an occupied floor that is greater than 75 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.
37
Multiple-station alarm systems
Two or more interconnected smoke detectors that, upon activation of any interconnected detectors.
38
Proprietary supervising fire alarm system
A group of fire alarm systems at one location or multiple locations that are under the constant supervision and monitoring of the property owner’s trained personnel.
39
Protected premises fire alarm system
A type of alarm system that requires a person on-site to contact the fire department.
40
Remote supervising station fire alarm system
Alarm system in which alarm, trouble, and supervisory signals transmit to a location that is remote from the protected premises and staffed with individuals trained to take the appropriate action.
41
Single-station alarm system
A stand-alone smoke detector that is self-contained and operates independently of other detectors.
42
Centrifugal pump
A type of pump that uses high-speed rotational forces to impart pressure on the fluid as the pump turns.
43
Combined water supply system
A supply system utilizing both gravity and pumping methods to support the system.
44
Water flow switch
A type of initiating device installed on a wet pipe sprinkler system; a paddle inserted into the pipe moves to initiate an alarm signal when there is sustained water flow through the system piping.
45
SHUNT auxiliary fire alarm system
A fire alarm system that uses the power from the municipal fire alarm circuits to supply current to the system.
46
Backsiphonage
A condition caused by a partial vacuum in the potable water system where the nonpotable water flows in reverse.
47
Double check valve assembly
A mechanical device designed to prevent backflow of liquids.
48
Dry barrel hydrant
A hydrant installed in areas where the water is subject to freezing temperatures.
49
Flowmeter
A device installed in line with the pump discharge side piping that measures water flow to determine if the fire pump is performing as designed.
50
Flush hydrant
A fire hydrant installed below the ground, requiring removal of a cover to access the hydrant.
51
Friction loss
The progressive loss of water pressure that results when water flows away from the source and through a hose, pipe, pipe fittings, and water meters.
52
Gravity system
A supply system in which the water source is located at a higher elevation than the properties and systems it feeds, allowing the water to flow freely into the system.
53
Gravity tank
A freestanding structure designed to hold large amounts of water many feet above the ground.
54
Outside screw and yoke (OS&Y) valve
A type of valve, wheel raises or lowers a screw to indicate if the valve is open , partially open, or closed.
55
Positive displacement valve
Type of pump that operates at a specific speed to deliver a predetermined pressure and constant rate of flow.
56
Post indicator valve (PIV)
A freestanding post that houses the stem extension of an underground valve, with the valve control located on top of the post.
57
Static pressure
The pressure exerted by non flowing water in a system.
58
Street key/valve key/ T-wrench key
A tool used to open and close water supply control valves.
59
Valve box or roadway box
A metal sleeve and cover that provides access to water supply valves located under the street or ground.
60
Wall hydrant
A wall-mounted fire hydrant for which the water is usually supplied from a fixed fire pump.
61
Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)
A valve that mounts on the side of a building; the valve stem feeds through the wall to connect to the valve body located inside the building.
62
Wet barrel hydrant
A hydrant installed in areas not subject to freezing temperatures; water is in the barrel at all times.
63
Automatic dry standpipe system
A type of standpipe where the piping network is typically filled with pressurized air and, upon opening of a hose valve, the air pressure drops to a level that permits a device, such as a dry pipe valve, to activate and allow the water to flow into the piping network.
64
Automatic wet standpipe system
A type of standpipe with an established water supply that feeds the piping network to ensure that water is available at all times for immediate use by fire fighters.
65
Class 1 standpipe syst.
Capable of supplying water at a high pressure for firefighting usually meant to be used for trained firefighters.
66
Class 2 standpipe syst.
Smaller in diameter and a nozzle is already attached so that the building occupants can use it.
67
Class 3 standpipe syst.
Typically equipped with a small-diameter hose and nozzle for trained building occupant use but is capable of supplying the required water pressure and flow to support manual firefighting suppression activities.
68
Combined system
A standpipe system where the standpipe riser supplies water to the fire sprinkler system and hose connections on the standpipe.
69
Manual dry standpipe system
A type of standpipe system that requires connection to a water source in order for water to flow through the piping network.
70
Manual wet standpipe system
Standpipe system typically supplied by a domestic source that is incapable of providing the required system pressure and flow demand but is for the purpose of maintaining water to the system to improve performance.
71
Pipe schedule
A number that designates the wall thickness of a pipe and the pressure the pipe can withstand.
72
Automatic fire sprinkler system
A network of underground and overhead piping with fire sprinkler heads connected to the overhead piping at specific intervals.The system applies water over the fire area
73
Deluge sprinkler system
A type of automatic fire sprinkler system equipped with open fire sprinkler heads that simultaneously discharge water.
74
Dry pipe sprinkler system
Has pressurized air or nitrogen in the pipes.
75
Heat -sensitive element
Absorbs heat and activates when reaching a predetermined and engineered temperature to release water.
76
Limited area sprinkler system
Has limited number of heads and does not require a control valve or water gauge.
77
Old style sprinkler system
Discharged water with 40% flowing one direction and 60% the other direction.
78
Orifice
The smooth opening in the fire sprinkler head through which water flows from the pipe.
79
Pendent sprinkler head
a type of fire sprinkler head that is installed with its deflector pointing down toward the ground.
80
Wet pipe sprinkler system
A type of automatic fire sprinkler system that has water in the pipes at all times so, when a sprinkler head activates, water flow is immediate.

Fire Protection System (FIRE 130) (2 decks)

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