Midterm

Question 1

The increasing interdependence of citizens and nations across the world

Answer 1

Globalization

Question 2

Legitimate use of force to control human behavior

Answer 2

Government

Question 3

Organization or agency authorized to exercise that force

Answer 3

Government

Question 4

Political entity’s externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs

Answer 4

National sovereignty

Question 5

Oldest purpose of government

Answer 5

Order

Question 6

Belief that states should leave individuals free to follow their individual pursuits

Answer 6

Liberalism

Question 7

Benefits and services that benefit all citizens but are not likely to be produced voluntarily by individuals

Answer 7

Public goods

Question 8

Authority of a government to maintain order and safeguard citizens health, morals, safety, and welfare

Answer 8

Police power

Question 9

Consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government

Answer 9

Political ideology

Question 10

System of government that favors free enterprise (privately owned businesses operating without government regulation)

Answer 10

Capitalism

Question 11

Political ideology that is opposed to all government action except to protect

Answer 11

Libertarianism

Question 12

Economic doctrine that opposes any form of government intervention in business

Answer 12

Laissez faire

Question 13

Power to govern in hands of one individual

Answer 13

Autocracy

Question 14

Power concentrated in hands of a few people

Answer 14

Oligarchy

Question 15

unwritten rule that requires at least 4 justices to agree that a case warrants consideration before it is reviewed by the US Supreme Court

Answer 15

Rule of Four

Question 16

brief filed with the permission of the courts by and individual or group that is not a party to a legal action but has an interest in it

Answer 16

Amicus Curiae briefs

Question 17

appellate court decides to review a case at its discretion

Answer 17

Writ of Certiorari

Question 18

“Let the decision stand”

Answer 18

Stare Decisis

Question 19

the disagreement of a judge with a majority decision

Answer 19

dissent

Question 20

the agreement of a judge with the Supreme Court’s majority decision, for a reason other than the majority reason

Answer 20

concurrence

Question 21

judicial philosophy by which judges tend to defer to decisions of the elected branches of government

Answer 21

judicial restraint

Question 22

judicial philosophy by which judges tend not to defer to decisions of the elected branches of government, resulting in the invalidation or emasculation of those decisions

Answer 22

judicial activism

Question 23

authority of a court to hear a case before any other court does

Answer 23

original jurisdiction

Question 24

authority of a court to hear cases that have been tried, decided, or reexamined in other courts

Answer 24

appellate jurisdiction

Question 25

discrimination that causes no harm because it is grounded in reason

Answer 25

Benign discrimination

Question 26

discrimination against persons or groups that works to harm and is based on animosity

Answer 26

Invidious discrimination

Question 27

form of government in which power resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives

Answer 27

republicanism

Question 28

Prohibited slavery or involuntary servitude

Answer 28

Thirteenth Amendment (1865)

Question 29

Made freed slaves citizens

Answer 29

Fourteenth Amendment (1868)

Question 30

voting rights

Answer 30

Fifteenth Amendment (1870)

Question 31

northern troops were sent to ensure that southern states complied with the Civil War Amendments

Answer 31

reconstruction

Question 32

view of democracy as being embodied in a decision-making process that involves universal participation, political equality, majority rule, and responsiveness

Answer 32

procedural democracy

Question 33

the view that democracy is embodied in the substance of government policies rather than in the policy making procedure

Answer 33

substantive democracy

Question 34

the division between power of a central government and a regional government

Answer 34

federalism

Question 35

- Federal criminal cases - Civil cases alleging violation of national law - Civil cases brought against national government - Civil cases between citizens of different states

Answer 35

district courts

Question 36

- Proceedings are public - Appeal based on admissibility of evidence, not guilt or innocence - Panel of three judges - Briefs - Decisions become basis for future cases - Stare decisis

Answer 36

appellate court

Question 37

Allegiance to country and government

Answer 37

supportive behavior

Question 38

- Modify or reverse government policy - Usually based on self-interest - Americans demand more of local than national -government - Campaign contributions

Answer 38

influencing behavior

Question 39

- Routine behaviors - Voting - Letter writing

Answer 39

conventional participation

Question 40

- Uncommon behaviors - Sit-down strikes - Extreme behaviors—terrorism

Answer 40

unconventional participation

Question 41

Voting on Policies: Progressivism/Populism

Answer 41

- Direct primary - Recall - Referendum - Initiative