Midterm Flashcards
1
Q
OPQRST
A
Onset Provocation Quality Region/Radiation/Referral Severity Timeframe
2
Q
Pulse assessment
A
Rate, quality and rhythm
3
Q
Pulse points
A
Radial Brachial Femoral Carotid arteries Popliteal Pedal
4
Q
GCS eye
A
4 - spontaneous
3 - verbal
2 - pain
1 - none
5
Q
GCS - verbal
A
5 - oriented 4 - disorientate 3 - inappropriate response 2 - incomprehensible sound or speech 1 - none
6
Q
GCS - motor
A
6 - obey commands 5 - localize pain 4 - withdraw from pain 3 - flexion decorticate 2 - extension decerebrate 1 - none
7
Q
Cervical
A
7
8
Q
Thoracic
A
12
9
Q
Lumbar
A
5
10
Q
Sacral
A
5
11
Q
Coccygeal
A
4
12
Q
Blood loss - pelvis
A
1,500-3,000 ml
13
Q
Blood loss - femur
A
1,000 - 1,500 ml
14
Q
Blood loss - Humerus
A
250 - 500 ml
15
Q
Blood loss - tibia or fibula
A
250 - 500 ml
16
Q
Blood loss - ankle
A
250 - 500 ml
17
Q
Blood loss - elbow
A
250 - 500 ml
18
Q
Blood loss - radius or ulna
A
150 - 250 ml
19
Q
6 P
A
Pain Paralysis Paresthesias Pulselessness Pallor Pressure
20
Q
Types of trauma
A
Penetrate
Blunt
Multi system
21
Q
Surfactant
A
Reduce lung tension
22
Q
Life threatening injuries
A
Gun shot Head injuries Penetrations Blast injuries Fall from height Pedestrian struck
23
Q
Cheyenne stokes respirations
A
Increased rate of respirations followed by gradual decreased respirations with periods of apnea.
Brain stem problem, before death.
24
Q
Kussmaul respirations
A
Deep gasping respirations common in diabetic coma
25
Biot respirations
Irregular pattern, rate and depth with periods of apnea. Results from increased intracranial pressure
26
Atonal respirations
Slow, shallow irregular respirations or occasional gasps. Results from cerebral anoxia. Heart stops but brain still send signals to respiratory muscles
27
Tachypnea
Hyperventilation and breathing more than 24 breath for a minute
28
Bradypnea
Hypoventilation, breathing slower than usual
29
Nasal cannula mask
Between 24%-44%
| 1-6 liter per minute
30
Simple mask
40%-60%
| 5-10 liter per minute
31
Non rebreather mask
90%-100%
| 10-15 liter per minute
32
Leg
```
Pelvis מותן
Hip מותניים
Femur ירך
Patella ברך
Fibula רגל
Tibia רגל נמוכה
Tarsals קרסול
Metatarsals כף רגל
Phalanges כף רגל
```
33
Vertebrae
```
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
```
34
Lower airways
Trachea
Alveoli
Bronchi
Bronchioles
35
Upper airway
```
Nose
Larynx
Pharynx
Oropharynx
Nasopharynx
```
36
Oxygen therapy administration
Patients with potential hypoxia.
| If the patient still doesn’t receive enough oxygen, increase the supply
37
SAMPLE
```
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past history
Last oral intake
Events leading to injury
```
38
How to value respiratory function?
End Tidal CO2
39
What is the difference between visceral and parietal?
Visceral- lines the organ itself
| Parietal - lines the cavity that the organ is in
40
What is the difference between dislocation and fracture?
Fracture - discontinuing of the bone (break)
| Dislocation - usually happens in joints, significant deformity
41
RICE
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
