Midterm

Question 1

1. ) Hegemony meaning
2. ) Repressive state apparatus
3. ) Ideological state apparatus

Answer 1

1. )The process of how the ruling class stays in power
2. ) the use of force and violence to believe in the ruling class. Ex.) military, police, laws/courts/jails
3. ) Ruling class makes you believe in them and their ideas. Ex.) schools, religion, media

Question 2

Dominant-Hegemonic position

Answer 2

you are decoding the right message from the encoder. You have a similar meaning structure to the encoder. You relate to the encoder’s message

Question 3

Opposition Position

Answer 3

You are decoding the wrong message. You do not relate to the encoders message. You have a different meaning structure to the encoder

Question 4

Negotiated Position

Answer 4

The moment our meaning structure changes. Forces us to think about our meaning structure. When we think we like something but hate it, and vice versa

Question 5

First known city to invent writing

Answer 5

Mesopotania

Question 6

Phonetization

Answer 6

Invented the first type of writing called Rebus. It is drawing the sound you hear.

Question 7

Pictographic writing

Answer 7

drawing very detailed pictures

Question 8

Ideogrpahic writing

Answer 8

drawing very simple pictures

Question 9

Logographic writing

Answer 9

One written symbol for one word

Question 10

Phonographic writing

Answer 10

Includes rebus and Syllabic. Syllabic writing is one symbol for one syllable

Question 11

Alphabetic writing

Answer 11

One symbol for one phoneme. A phoneme is the smallest unit of speech

Question 12

Diglossia

Answer 12

The same language having 2 types of varieties/languages. Writing and Speaking

Question 13

Vocal/Auditory channels

Answer 13

Having mouth and ears. Very efficient to communicate with these features.

Question 14

Rapid Fading

Answer 14

Speech disappears very quickly, sound doesn’t last

Question 15

Interchangeability

Answer 15

You can go from being the speaker to the listener very quickly, making this technology 2 way. A lot of technology is 1 way.

Question 16

Intrapersonal feedback

Answer 16

You can talk and listen to yourself at the same time.

Question 17

Semanticity

Answer 17

A precise meaning in a language. A sound is only a word in a language if it has meaning

Question 18

Arbitrariness

Answer 18

Their is no logical meaning between words and sounds/

ex.) The word “Dog” is arbitrary, its just a random sound.The word “Dog” could be anything.

Question 19

Displacement

Answer 19

Something can be very far away, or in the past, or in the future, and we can still communicate about it with speech. We can communicate with speech about things that are not in front of us

Question 20

Productivity

Answer 20

New words can be added to a language. New worlds are always being made.

Question 21

Tradition

Answer 21

Speech is taught/passed to us through generation. WE are not born with the ability to speak English

Question 22

Prevarication

Answer 22

The ability to lie. This tells us that speech is a deliberate choice, and not an instinct.

Question 23

Reflectivity

Answer 23

I can use speech to tell you about speech

Question 24

Concatenation

Answer 24

Linking small things together. In terms of speech, its linking words together to form sentences.

Question 25

Medium Transferablilty

Answer 25

Speech is a medium of communication. I want to express something in my head to you, I can use speech as the medium