Midterm

Question 1

What are the three production phases in television?

Answer 1

Preproduction, Production, Postproduction

Question 2

Production phase where all preparations and activities take place before actually moving into the studio or the field on the first day of production

Answer 2

Preproduction

Question 3

Stage 1 of preproduction includes:

Answer 3

all activities necessary to transform a basic idea into a workable concept or script

Question 4

Stage 2 of preproduction includes:

Answer 4

stage where all necessary production details (location, crew, equipment etc.) are worked out

Question 5

Production phase where studio doors are opened for rehearsal or a video-recording session; involves equipment and crew; all activities in which an event is video-recorded or televised

Answer 5

Production

Question 6

Production phase that takes place after production; includes video and audio editing, selecting background music, color correction on video clips etc.

Answer 6

Postproduction

Question 7

T/F: Single-cam film style can take longer in postproduction than the actual production

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Helps move from original idea to the finished production; what producers use to decide on the most effective approach, evaluate each production step and finish on time

Answer 8

Production model

Question 9

Starts with a basic idea and then jumps to the desired communication effect on the target audience (general program objective); moves from general idea > desired effect > how to cause the effect

Answer 9

Effect to cause model

Question 10

What is the defined process message?

Answer 10

Desired effect

Question 11

What is the effect to cause model driven by?

Answer 11

Defined Process Message (desired effect on the audience)

Question 12

Program element that hooks the viewer (specific story focus, point of view etc.)

Answer 12

Angle

Question 13

Necessary content elements, production elements and personnel

Answer 13

Medium elements

Question 14

What are three examples of medium requirements?

Answer 14

People: writer/director
Place: studio/field
Equipment: single/multi camera

Question 15

Personnel who are involved in translating a script or event into tv images

Answer 15

Nontechnical production personnel

Question 16

List the nontechnical production personnel

Answer 16

Talent, executive producer, producer, associate producer, line producer, field producer, production manager, production assistant, director, associate director, floor manager, floor persons, writer, art director, graphic artist, makeup artist, costume designer, wardrobe person, property manager, sound designer

Question 17

People in front of the camera in productions are called

Answer 17

Talent

Question 18

In charge of one or several large productions or program series; manages budget and coordinates with client, station management, advertising agencies, financial supporters and talent and writers’ agents

Answer 18

Executive Producer

Question 19

In charge of an individual production; responsible for all personnel working on the production and for coordinating technical and nontechnical production elements; often writes and directs

Answer 19

Producer

Question 20

assists producer in all production matters; often does the actual coordinating jobs such as telephoning talent and confirming schedules

Answer 20

Associate producer (AP)

Question 21

supervises daily production activities on set

Answer 21

Line producer

Question 22

Assists producer by taking charge of remote operations (away from the studio); at small stations, function may be a part of producer’s responsibilities

Answer 22

Field producer

Question 23

schedules equipment and personnel for all studio and field productions; also called director of broadcast operations

Answer 23

Production manager

Question 24

assists producer and director during the actual production; during rehearsal takes notes of the producer’s/director’s suggestions for show improvement

Answer 24

Production assistant

Question 25

In charge of directing talent and technical operations; responsible for transforming a script into effective video and audio messages; at small stations this may be the producer as well

Answer 25

Director

Question 26

Assists director during the actual production; in studio productions, does timing for director. In complicated productions helps "ready" operations

Answer 26

Associate director

Question 27

In charge of all activities on the studio floor; coordinates talent relays director's cues to talent and supervises floor personnel; responsible for setting up scenery and dressing the set

Answer 27

floor manager

Question 28

sets up and dresses sets; operate cue cards and other prompting devices, easel cards and on-camera graphics; assists in moving camera dollies and pulling camera cables

Answer 28

floor persons

Question 29

hired on on freelance basis; not needed in smaller productions or in corporate tv

Answer 29

Writers

Question 30

In charge of creative design aspects of show; set design, location, graphics etc.

Answer 30

Art director

Question 31

prepares computer graphics, titles, charts and electronic background

Answer 31

Graphic artist

Question 32

does make-up for all talent; freelance

Answer 32

Make-up artist

Question 33

designs and constructs various costumes for dramas, dance numbers and children's shows; freelance

Answer 33

Costume designer

Question 34

handles all wardrobe matters during the production

Answer 34

wardrobe person

Question 35

Maintains and manages use of various set and hand properties; found in large operations only

Answer 35

Property manager

Question 36

Constructs complete soundtrack | (dialogue and sound effects) in postproduction; freelance

Answer 36

sound designer

Question 37

Consists of people who operate equipment; usually part of the crew

Answer 37

Technical personnel and crew

Question 38

responsible for the purchase, installation, proper functioning and maintenance of all technical equipment

Answer 38

Engineering staff

Question 39

in charge of all technical personnel, budgets and equipment; designs system, including transmission facilities and oversees installations and day-to-day operations

Answer 39

chief engineer

Question 40

Assists chief engineer in all technical matters and operations; also called engineer supervisor

Answer 40

Assistant chief engineer

Question 41

oversees all technical operations; usually called EIC

Answer 41

Studio or remote engineer-in-charge

Question 42

maintains all technical equipment and troubleshoots during production

Answer 42

maintenance engineer

Question 43

technically trained production people

Answer 43

Non-engineering technical personnel

Question 44

does the switching and usually acts as technical crew crew chief

Answer 44

Technical director

Question 45

operate the cameras; often does the lighting for simple shows; when working in field productions (ENG/EFP) referred to as videographers and shooters

Answer 45

camera operators

Question 46

in film they are in charge of lighting; in EFP operates EFP camera

Answer 46

Director of photography

Question 47

in charge of lighting , normally for large productions

Answer 47

Lighting director

Question 48

adjusts camera controls for optimal camera pictures (shading); sometimes takes on an additional technical duties, especially field productions and remotes; also called shader

Answer 48

Video operator

Question 49

in charge of all audio operations; works audio console during the show; also audio engineer

Answer 49

Audio technician

Question 50

runs the video recorder

Answer 50

video-record operator

Question 51

types and/or recalls from the computer the names and other graphic material to be integrated with the video image

Answer 51

character generator

Question 52

operates production editing equipment; makes or assists in creative editing decisions

Answer 52

video editor

Question 53

renders digital graphics for on-air use

Answer 53

digital graphic artist

Question 54

a short or brief series of shots as captured on the hard drive and identified by a file name

Answer 54

clip

Question 55

tv production outside of the studio that is normally shot for postproduction (not live). Part of field production

Answer 55

EFP: (electronic field production)

Question 56

the use of portable camcorders or cameras with separate portable video recorders, lights, and sound equipment for the production of daily news stories. Usually not planned in advanced and often transmitted live or immediately after postproduction editing

Answer 56

ENG: (electronic news gathering)

Question 57

all content elements, production elements, and people needed to generate the defined process message

Answer 57

Medium Requirements

Question 58

the use of two or more video cameras or camcorders for the capture, selection, recording, or transmission of video footage

Answer 58

Multicamera system

Question 59

people assigned exclusively to the production of news, documentaries, and special events

Answer 59

News production personnel

Question 60

throwing out wild ideas in hopes that one is good

Answer 60

Group brainstorming

Question 61

write down ideas rather than saying them out loud. Write down a keyword, circle it, and spin of ideas that relate to the word

Answer 61

Clustering

Question 62

Most important step of preproduction process

Answer 62

Evaluating Ideas

Question 63

written document that stipulates what you intend to do. Briefly explains the program objective and the major aspects of the presentation

Answer 63

Program proposal

Question 64

Proposals should include the following:

Answer 64

``` Title Objective Target Audience Format Treatment Production method Tentative budget ```

Question 65

Costs for script, talent, production personnel, studio and equipment rental, recording media, props, food, lodging, entertainment, transportation, parking, insurance, and clearances

Answer 65

Budget

Question 66

Best practices when creating a budget for film production?

Answer 66

- Show overall charges split up by stage of production - Include all probable expenses - Do not underestimate costs - Do not inflate budget but add 15-20% contingency

Question 67

Indicates what talent says, how a scene should be played, and where/when it takes place

Answer 67

Script

Question 68

Why ethics are important in film production

Answer 68

- Decisions effect audience - Respect and compassion - Should not lie to audience - Potential worldwide audience - Respect of values and customs

Question 69

Examples of information sources:

Answer 69

The internet, phone directories, chamber of commerce

Question 70

Union regulations include:

Answer 70

salaries, working conditions etc.

Question 71

Types of unions in film:

Answer 71

technical and nontechnical

Question 72

copyrighted material must go through _____

Answer 72

clearances and legal considerations

Question 73

classified by demographic and psychographic characteristics. Subjective approach to prejudging a program. More specific target audience = more precise objective

Answer 73

Target audience

Question 74

Ratings vs. Share

Answer 74

Ratings are used to gauge relative success of a program; percentage of households tuned into a specific station over total number of tv households Shares are the percentage of tv household tuned to your station over all households using tv

Question 75

carefully select representative audience samples and survey through diaries, telephone calls, and meters attached to tv sets

Answer 75

Nielsen rating service

Question 76

audience research factors concerned with such data as age, gender, marital status, and income

Answer 76

Demographics

Question 77

the calendar that shows the preproduction, production, and postproduction dates and who is doing what when and where

Answer 77

Production schedule

Question 78

written document that outlines the program objective and the major aspects of a tv presentation

Answer 78

Program proposal

Question 79

audience research factors concerned with such data as consumer buying habits, values, and lifestyle

Answer 79

Psychographics

Question 80

percentage of tv households tuned into a specific station in relation to the total number of tv households

Answer 80

Rating

Question 81

percentage of tv households tuned to a specific station in relation to all household using television (HUT); all households with their sets turned on

Answer 81

Share

Question 82

the audience selected or desired to receive a specific message

Answer 82

Target audience

Question 83

a breakdown of time blocks for various activities on the actual production day, such as crew call, setup, and camera rehearsal

Answer 83

timeline

Question 84

a brief narrative description of a tv program

Answer 84

treatment

Question 85

- Includes every word of the actor’s dialogue, who is doing what when and where, and how action should play - Used in dramas, situation comedies, skits, and soap operas

Answer 85

Single-column drama script

Question 86

- Right column contains audio info | - Left column contains video info

Answer 86

Two-column A/V script

Question 87

Fully scripted A/V format vs. Partial two-column A/V script

Answer 87

Fully scripted: everything that is spoken appears in the audio column Partial script: Only shows part of dialogue

Question 88

- Two-column A/V script format | - Include every word anchors speak and instructions for what live/recorded segments the director calls up

Answer 88

News Script

Question 89

- Lists only the order of particular show segments - Set areas in which action takes place and clock for running times of the segments - Used in studio productions such as daily morning show, panel show, or game show

Answer 89

Show format

Question 90

- Rundown sheet - Lists items that are to be show on-camera and indicate what should be said - No video or audio instructions

Answer 90

Fact Sheet

Question 91

- The four basic elements of drama:

Answer 91

Theme, plot, characters, environment

Question 92

characters react to outside influences

Answer 92

Plot from outside-in

Question 93

characters behaviors and choices determine plot

Answer 93

Plot from inside-out

Question 94

Character based stories vs. Plot based stories

Answer 94

Plot based stories emphasize outer action Character based stories are based on inner action and psychological makeup of the characters

Question 95

All drama thrives on _________

Answer 95

conflict

Question 96

List the general areas of conflict:

Answer 96

cultural and ideological differences, ideal versus rational worldviews, feeling versus reason

Question 97

List specific areas of conflict:

Answer 97

environment, lifestyle, nature, relatives, peer pressure

Question 98

Plot-based conflict vs. Character-based conflict

Answer 98

plot-based: conflict grows out of circumstances character-based: conflict arises from character decisions and convictions

Question 99

the technique of dramatic composition

Answer 99

classical dramaturgy