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Paramedic Pharm > Midterm Drugz > Flashcards

Midterm Drugz Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Diazepam (Valium) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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2
Q

Diazepam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anxiety

Contraindications: sensitivity, CNS and respiratory depression,shock, coma, head injury

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3
Q

Diazepam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache

Class: D

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4
Q

Diazepam Dose and Route

A

SIVP, IO, IM

Adult: 5-10 mg
Peds: 0.3-0.5 mg/kg

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5
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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6
Q

Lorazepam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, agitation, anxiety, alcohol withdrawal

Contraindications: sensitivity, CNS and respiratory depression, hypotension

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7
Q

Lorazepam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache, blurred vision

Class: D

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8
Q

Lorazepam Dose and Route

A

SIVP, IO, IM

Adult: 2-4 mg (max 4 mg)
Peds: 0.1 mg/kg (max 2 mg)

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9
Q

Midazolam (Versed) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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10
Q

Midazolam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, sedation, psychosis

Contra: sensitivity, shock, coma, glaucoma

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11
Q

Midazolam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache

Class: D

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12
Q

Ketamine (ketalar) MOA

A

Alters perception of pain by blocking afferent impulses to the CNS
-anesthetic and analgesic

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13
Q

Ketamine Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: pain, sedation, excited delirium

Contra: sensitivity, stroke, HTN, cardiac instability

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14
Q

Ketamine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: HTN, increased HR, hallucinations, delusions

Class: not assigned

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15
Q

Fentanyl (Sublimaze) MOA

A

Opiate receptor agonist

-produces analgesia and euphoria

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16
Q

Fentanyl Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: pain management, anesthesia adjunct

Contra: sensitivity

Caution with TBI

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17
Q

Fentanyl Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, Dysrhythmias, hypotension, delirium

Class: C

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18
Q

Fentanyl Dose and Route

A

Rapid IN, SIVP, IO, IM

1 mcg/kg (max 150 mcg)

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19
Q

Morphine (Raxonal) MOA

A

Opiate receptor agonist

  • peripheral vasodilation effects
  • decreases preload and afterload
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20
Q

Morphine Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: moderate to severe pain, pulmonary edema, acute coronary syndrome

Contra: sensitivity, hypovolemia, hypotension, head injury, MAOI taken within 14 days

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21
Q

Morphine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, Dysrhythmias, hypotension

Class: C

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22
Q

Ondansetron (Zofran) MOA

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A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

-low affinity for dopamine receptors

23
Q

Ondansetron Indications and Contraindications

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A

Indications: N/V

Contra: sensitivity, 1st trimester, prolonged QT interval

24
Q

Ondansetron Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

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A

Side Effects: headache, drowsiness, weakness

Class: B

25
Ondansetron Dose and Route
PO, IV, IO, IM Adults: 4-8 mg Peds: 0.15 mg/kg
26
Promethazine (Phenergan) MOA
Blocks histamine-1 receptors (which alters brain’s wish to vomit) -antiemetic, antihistamine
27
Promethazine Indications and Contraindications
Indications: N/V Contra: hypersensitivity, pregnancy/lactating mother, BPH, glaucoma, COPD, HTN
28
Promethazine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: CNS depression, Dysrhythmias, ALOC, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, blurred vision Class: C
29
Promethazine Dose and Route
IV and IO mixed with 100 mL of NS, IM (not peds), PO Adult: 12.5-25 mg Peds: 0.25-1 mg/kg NOT IM
34
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) MOA
Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis | -analgesic and antipyretic
35
Acetaminophen Indications and Contraindications
Indications: mild to moderate pain, fever Contra: sensitivity Caution with renal and liver failure pts
36
Acetaminophen Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: N/V, hepatotoxicity Class: B
37
Acetaminophen Dose and Route
PO/ PR (peds) Adult: 325-650 mg Peds: 15 mg/kg
38
Ketorolac (Toradol) MOA
Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by competitive enzyme COX blocking
39
Ketorolac Indications and Contraindications
Indications: mild to moderate pain, kidney stones Contra: ASA allergy, sensitivity, labor
40
Ketorolac Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: N/V, GI bleeding, edema, HTN Class: D
41
Activated Charcoal (EZ-Char) MOA
Binds to and absorbs ingested toxins
42
Activated Charcoal Indications and Contraindications
Indications: ingested poisons Contra: contact poison control!
43
Activated Charcoal Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: N/V, constipation or diarrhea, black stool Class: C
44
Activated Charcoal Dose and Route
PO, NG TUBE 1 g/kg
45
Nitrous Oxide (Nitronox) MOA
CNS depression with rapid pain relief
46
Nitrous Oxide Indications and Contraindications
Indications: moderate to severe pain Contra: ALOC, respiratory depression, shock, hypotension, acute abdominal emergency
47
Nitrous Oxide Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, N/V, euphoria Class: C
48
Nitrous Oxide Dose and Route
Inhale until effects take place
49
Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) MOA
Beta 1 and 2 and alpha 1 antagonist | -beta blocker
50
Labetalol Indications and Contraindications
Indications: hypertensive emergency Contra: sensitivity, hypotension, pulmonary edema, bradycardia, heart block, uncompensated CHF
51
Labetalol Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: N/V, fatigue, headache, dizziness, dyspnea, bradycardia, heart failure, pulmonary edema, orthostatic hypotension Class: C
52
Labetalol Dose and Route
IV, IO ``` 20 mg (max 300 mg) -monitor BP and HR closely ```
78
Aspirin MOA
Inhibits the activity of enzymes COX-1 and COX-2 which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. -antipyretic, analgesic, platelet aggregation inhibitor
79
Aspirin Side Effects and Pregnancy Class
Side Effects: anaphylaxis, angioedema, bleeding, broncospasm, stomach irritation, N/V Class: C and D in last 3 months
80
Aspirin Dose and Route
PO | Adult: 160-324 mg (2-4 chewable tablets)
83
Aspirin Indications and Contraindications
Indications: cardiac related chest pain, acute coronary syndrome Contraindications: sensitivity, allergy, GI bleeding, ulcer, hemorrhagic stroke, bleeding disorders
84
Diazepam Dose and Route
SIVP, IO, IM, PR Adults: 5-10 mg Peds: 0.3-0.5 mg/kg
85
Midazolam Dose and Route
IV, IO, IM, IN Adults: 1-5 mg Peds: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg (max 5 mg)

Paramedic Pharm (1 decks)

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