Midterm exam 1 Flashcards
What is anamnesis in orthodontics?
The process of gathering a patient’s medical, dental, and social history before clinical examination to help in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Name 3 components of a patient interview in orthodontic anamnesis.
Chief complaint
Expectations and motivation
Previous orthodontic treatment
List 3 medical conditions that must be identified in the patient’s medical history.
Cardiovascular conditions
Bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia)
Diabetes, epilepsy, pregnancy, etc.
How does dental history help in orthodontic treatment planning?
It reveals past treatments, oral hygiene habits, trauma, and patient motivation all of which affect treatment outcomes and compliance.
Why is socio-behavioral information important in orthodontics?
It helps assess patient cooperation, oral habits (e.g., thumb sucking), and lifestyle factors that may affect treatment success.
Name two growth evaluation methods used in orthodontic diagnosis.
Cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM)
Hand-wrist radiographs
(Also acceptable: Dental mineralization stages)
Give an example of how growth status influences treatment planning.
A growing 12-year-old might benefit from growth modification appliances, while a fully grown 25-year-old may need orthognathic surgery.
What are the three parts of the face assessed in vertical facial proportion analysis?
Upper third: Hairline to glabella
Middle third: Glabella to subnasale
Lower third: Subnasale to menton
What does a convex facial profile suggest?
A retruded mandible, typically associated with Class II malocclusion.
What are the three main profile types in orthodontics?
Convex
Straight
Concave
What is the significance of lip competence in diagnosis?
Incompetent lips (don’t close naturally) may indicate protrusive incisors or jaw imbalance and affect facial esthetics and oral function.
According to Ricketts E-Line, how far behind the line should the lips be positioned?
Upper lip: ~4 mm behind the line
Lower lip: ~2 mm behind the line
What does a low nasolabial angle indicate?
A protrusive upper lip or forward-positioned maxillary incisors.
What is the mandibular plane angle used for?
To assess the direction of jaw growth and facial pattern (vertical vs. horizontal growth tendency).
A steep mandibular plane angle is associated with what features?
Long lower face
Downward jaw growth
Possible open bite tendency
Define facial symmetry in the context of orthodontic assessment.
Balanced and equal appearance of both sides of the face and jaws; important for esthetics and functional bite alignment.
What kind of issues might result from facial asymmetry?
Midline shifts
TMJ issues
Crossbite
Jaw deviation
Chewing imbalance
