MIDTERM ID's Flashcards

Question

Robespierre

Answer 1

- French - changes calendar & metric system - takes food from farmers and gives to poor - executes king and queen - does in 1794

Answer 2

- defeats the British in Egypt - creates bank of France (stabilizes economy) - Concordit: brings back church (food kitchens) - napoleanic code (assumed guilty until proven innocent) - emperor in 1801 - defeated at Waterloo 1850 - 1st empire - "whiff of great shot" stops riot by shooting

Answer 3

- eliminates charter of rights - causes another crop failure, people are angry - leads to revolution on 1830

Answer 4

- agricultural inventor - invented the "plow" - allows tilling of land with animal power increasing farm efficiency

Answer 5

- says to take profit out of business and give to state to own the company (removing economics) - production > consumption = wealth - production < consumption = debt - technocrats (experts with better understandings than those in sight of profit)

Answer 6

- English Naturist - travels to Galápagos Islands in 1839 - there he discovers finches of the islands have adapted to specific food supplies unique to each island. From this he will devil his Theory of Natural Selection

Answer 7

- writes Principles of Geology 1830 - changes view of Earth from an age standpoint (Opposes church

Answer 8

- imperialism is highest form of capitalism

Answer 9

- Polish astronomer causes Paradigm shift - solves retrograde after discovering the equation only works with the sun at center of the universe - his views are against the church and withholds this information im until his death bed publishing "concerning the revolutions of the celestial bodies" 1543 - copernican theory - "dialogue of two chief systems" makes him look better

Answer 10

- 1492 marriage merges colonies creating Spain - King and Queen of Spain - fund Columbus' journey

Answer 11

- discourses on Livy.... Touchstone for political science | - The Prince (basis for the scientific revolution and enlightenment/reformation)

Answer 12

- Italian sculptor - art related to naturalism and humanism - The Feast of Herod 1425

Answer 13

- Medici pope who pays for Sistine chapel (spends too much so used indulgences to raise taxes) - supports the system of paying church for doing bad deeds which will still get you into heaven

Answer 14

- creates by Queen Elizabeth | - creates greater pools of capital (stocks)

Answer 15

- sells "indulgences" - taxes people on their good/bad deeds and decides whether they will go to Heaven or not - opposes Martin Luther in the first great reformation of Germany

Answer 16

- Yorkist King | - defeated by Henry VII @ Bosworth field during war of the roses

Answer 17

- leader of the 3rd reformation (but no religious intent) - divorced, beheaded, dies, divorced, beheaded, survives - marries Catherine Aaragon, Ann Boylne, Jane Seymour, Ann of Cleves, Kathrine Howard, and Carhrine Parr trying to find heir to throne - Daughter Mary and Elizabeth, son Edward - Son takes over throne until he dies and Mary takes over then Elizabeth

Answer 18

- Henry's 3rd wife | - dies while birthing their son Edward

Answer 19

- final (6th) wife of Henry | - is stepmother to Mary and Elizabeth and gives them her protestant religion

Answer 20

- Sea dogs | - defeated by Elizabeth I and Francis Drake

Answer 21

- time period when Charles I increases taxes during the English Civil War

Answer 22

- defeats Charles and decides on a Protestant republic | - raises new army (civil war: Charles vs parliament)

Answer 23

- Written/negotiated by Cardinal Richlieu - political solution saying religion of the people Must match the Kings - opposed by John Milton 1649

Answer 24

- written by James Madison

Answer 25

- creates legal justification to prevent James from being King after Charles II - says "life, liberty, and property" are things no government can take from you unless you do something bad

Answer 26

- son of George I | - takes control of American colonies but doesn't want it and revolts

Answer 27

- planter - founding father - U.S. constitution - changes pursuit of land to HAPPINESS

Answer 28

- grants Protestants religious freedom under Navarre in 1598

Answer 29

- sun king - building of Versailles - revokes Edict of Nantes in 1685 Ed inf religious freedom Taxes everyone who opposes him (merchants only have liquid assets) - makes it less economic to live in France and country loses wealth - causes Nine Years war in 1689 (ends 1698) - 1701 war of Spanish succession (ends 1715)

Answer 30

- 1770 and husband to Marie Antoinette - absolutist - taxes high from war/ small economy - supports American Revolution against Britain (Battle of Saratoga) - revives Estates General

Answer 31

- Robespierre becomes the master of the first French Republic in late 1700s know as "the terror during the French Revolution - part of the estates general

Answer 32

- Napolean actions restore him to throne - developed charter of rights - creates congress of Vienna - Gives French rights

Answer 33

- suggests restoration of citizens rights - Revolution of 1830 - French Revolution 1848 - food shortages - July Monarchy

Answer 34

- creates pools of labor and drives people to the city

Answer 35

- takes the concepts of Saint Simon and Charles Forer and tries to use FLANIX and state ownership to create an industrial commune (common ownership/ new harmony)

Answer 36

- 1707 to 1778

Answer 37

- in Tenessee 1925, John scopes was accused of teaching his science class evolution in violation of state law - trial revealed growing issue in America and shed light on the anti-evolution movement - it also affected the way science was taught in schools because many cases that came of this trial stressed the importance of evolution in America

Answer 38

- creates the Jesuits (catholic order)

Answer 39

- improves telescope for celestial observation - discovers Jupiter has moons - studies falling objects discovering gravity with Tower of Pisa - dialogue of two chief systems (Copernicus vs Aristotle) = Copernicus looks better

Answer 40

- voyages to find India (spice/cotton/tea) - travels around Cape of Good Hope - treaty of tordesillas by pope to keep him from arguing with Columbus - first trip finds Kanu - second trip finds warrior tribe called Carib

Answer 41

- founder of Renaissance humanism - 1304 ITALIAN - scholar, author/poet, collector of pagan documents - collected ancient manuscripts through exploration of manastic/ cathedral libraries in France/ Germany - found letters from Cicero

Answer 42

- Rotteedam 1466 - cosmopolitan scholar - "Prince of Humanists" - 1516 produced his own "bible" using knowledge of manuscripts - believes the bible should be read by the people themselves - "in praise of Folly" 1509 - wanted peaceful reform of Christianity as a whole, purified church

Answer 43

- Italian | - famous painter

Answer 44

- Shakespearean Renaissance along side ELIZABETH I | - globe theatre and propaganda plays about sex and violence to promote Queen Elizabeth

Answer 45

- leader of German Reformation - writes "95 thesis" (95 complaints about church under Leo X) - spread to Vittenburg with Gutenburgs printing press - Fredrick the Elector gives him chance to prove a point and pay him off since he wants the money that is going to Rome - believes in Faith getting you to heaven which opposes Tetzel who believes paying the church will rid you of sin - Augsburg Confession which is basis for Lutherinism

Answer 46

- French Priest - leader of 2nd great reformation (Switzerland) - believes in predestination (God knows all) - has no issue with "usery" (charge of interest) on merchant class

Answer 47

- war of the roses battle where Henry VII defeated Richard III

Answer 48

- first Wife of Henry - has daughter Mary - refuses annulment from Henry so Mary can become Queen - divorced

Answer 49

- 4th wife of Henry - convinces Henry to leave Catherine for her but he doesn't like her and they get - divorced

Answer 50

- monarch - wants all to be loyal to the Queen and England (religious freedom) - creates Sea Dogs who defeat Spanish Armada - causes English (Shakespeare) Renaissance - gives monopoly to people who want to voyage which cause them to ask for loans in turn for stock certificate (creation of joint stock companies)

Answer 51

- heir to the throne under Elizabeth compromise - spends too much money (debt) - died and his brother Charles takes over

Answer 52

- balance and check between Charles I and Charles II empires

Answer 53

- created under Oliver Cromwell against Parliament

Answer 54

- English king during the English Civil War - increases taxes and the people go against him and he is overthrown (Short Parliament) - is justified by John Milton

Answer 55

- becomes king and queen after James II is overthrown in Glorious Revolution - outlived a her 14 grandchildren

Answer 56

- Hanover - is German but asked to be king of England - unhappy in england - assisted by Robert Wahrpoole

Answer 57

- King after George II - wants to be an active King, tries to maintain colonies (takes control) - colonists revolt against him and is replaced with George Washington (American Revolution)

Answer 58

- king of France (son of Medici family) 1500s - controls the papecy - negotiates war between Protestants and Catholics - dies from gold book laced with arsenic

Answer 59

- son of Henry Navarre and king after his father is assassinated - his mother Mary De Medici really runs the country because he is young - relies on Cardinal Richlieu after his mom does because he can't really run country

Answer 60

- 1685 | - Louis XIV

Answer 61

- reviews bill before approved by king | - revived by Louis XVI

Answer 62

- revoked by Charles X in 1830

Answer 63

- nephew of Napolean - publishes plan to feed France - replaces republic with monarchy - creates 2nd empire

Answer 64

- opposes Saint Simon - creates planixes (small units) - says "from each according to his ability, to each according to his need" which causes people not to work as hard since they know they can be compensated

Answer 65

- writes book on creating a utopia called "Communist Manifesto" - synthesized Owen, Forier, and Simon outlooks to make the best "Utopia" - witted book critiquing capitalism called "Das Kapital"

Answer 66

- wrote "Principle of Population"in 1798 which was vital in Darwins theory of survival of the fittest

Answer 67

- historian

Answer 68

Catholic order created by Loyola

Answer 69

- develops "Principea" from Copernicus, Aristotle, and Keplar - basic laws of physics/ how world works (grand synthesis)