MIDTERM (JANURARY)

Question 1

the study of how land and climate affects peoples way of life

Answer 1

geography

Question 2

the study of how people earn a living and spend money

Answer 2

economics

Question 3

the spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one person to another

Answer 3

cultural diffusion

Question 4

belief in superiority of ones own ethnic group

Answer 4

ethnocentrism

Question 5

small hunting & food gathering bands

Answer 5

nomads

Question 6

domestic livestock

Answer 6

turning point in neolithic age

Question 7

a system of managing governments through departments run my appointed officials

Answer 7

bureaucracy

Question 8

how did civilizations spread

Answer 8

CULTURAL DIFFUSION- conquering, war, trade

Question 9

geography in grecce?

Answer 9

the polis (city-states) near the sea and mountains

Question 10

oliarchy

Answer 10

government ran by a group

Question 11

what type of government was Sparta

Answer 11

Totalitarian (oliarchy); seperate military state one person who has total control

Question 12

sparta education

Answer 12

men/boys with harsh militaristic, oppressive, self denial, self discipline, dictatorship

Question 13

women rights in sparta

Answer 13

manage estates while husbands were away, own property, had more rights than Athenian women

Question 14

sparta’s values

Answer 14

powerful and superior army, no individual or art expression allowed

Question 15

government of athens

Answer 15

direct democracy

Question 16

direct democracy

Answer 16

citizens rule directly, not through representatives

Question 17

womens rights in athens

Answer 17

could not own property, vote, or hold public office; women in athens had less rights than in sparta

Question 18

how was athens a model for other city-states

Answer 18

they emphasized on pubic service and open discussion

Question 19

social classes of athens

Answer 19

aristocrats and common people- were at odds

Question 20

Draconian Law Codes

Answer 20

aim of reducing arbitrary decisions of punishment and blood feuds between classes

Question 21

Solon

Answer 21

statesman who promtoes greater equality among the classes

Question 22

Socrates

Answer 22

encouraged greeks to question themselves and their moral character

Question 23

Plato

Answer 23

Socrates student

Question 24

Aristotle

Answer 24

Platos student

Question 25

Rome

Answer 25

from republic to empire

Question 26

Roman republic

Answer 26

government in which officals are chosen by the poeple

Question 27

geography of rome

Answer 27

few natural barriers, low mountains, easy access to the Mediterranean

Question 28

social classes of rome

Answer 28

patricians and plebeians

Question 29

patricians

Answer 29

run the senate and the consulate, landholding upper class

Question 30

Plebeians

Answer 30

farmers, merchants, artisans, traders

Question 31

why were 12 tables created

Answer 31

power struggle emerges

Question 32

12 tables

Answer 32

roman laws are inscribed on 12 tablets. plebeians insist laws are written down

Question 33

territoral expansion (Rome)

Answer 33

by 270 BCE, rome conquered all of italy

Question 34

punic wars

Answer 34

series of wars fought between rome and carthage

Question 35

carthage

Answer 35

city-state on the Mediterranean

Question 36

the roman empire

Answer 36

the republic collapses as a result of the exapnsion

Question 37

NOTE

Answer 37

poor farmers cannot compete with slave labor, civil war erupts

Question 38

Julius Caeser

Answer 38

takes control and unites Rome

Question 39

Augustus

Answer 39

established a stable, efficient goverment- initiated pax romana

Question 40

Pax Romana

Answer 40

a 200 year span of peace and stability

Question 41

Military causes of fall of Roman Empire

Answer 41

constant invasions from barbarian tribes (north). Roman army weakened. Mercenaries hired to defend borders

Question 42

Economic causes of fall of Roman Empire

Answer 42

heavy taxes to support the government, climate change, too much slave labor, farmers sell land- middle class disapears

Question 43

Political Causes

Answer 43

Government strict-loss of support, corruption- total power corrupts totally, Empire divides, Diocletian devides Rome into eat and west

Question 44

Constantinople

Answer 44

became new capital after divison (East Rome)

Question 45

Byzantine Empire

Answer 45

eastern rome, constantinople thrives

Question 46

NOTE

Answer 46

Byzantine Empire- trade controlled from East to West, protected on three sides

Question 47

Justinian Code of Laws

Answer 47

ancient roman laws are collected (based on 12 tables)- basis of law for medieval rulers

Question 48

Jerusalem

Answer 48

holy city to jews/christians/muslims

Question 49

China geography

Answer 49

mountains and physical barriers

Question 50

why do the Chinese believe they are superior

Answer 50

their civilization was separated by barriers allowing to believe that they were in the center of the world. did not think other people existed during early development

Question 51

Confucianism founder/text

Answer 51

Confucius/Analects

Question 52

Major Beliefs ( Conf.)

Answer 52

5 relationships, superior should set good example, honesty, hardwork, education

Question 53

government ( Conf.)

Answer 53

people are naturally good. good governments sets a good example. based gov't on Confucian ideals- reverence for ancestors

Question 54

education (Conf.)

Answer 54

MEN, civil service exams, only wealthy had education.

Question 55

pericles

Answer 55

athenian politician

Question 56

peloponnesian wars

Answer 56

athens vs sparta; sparta won

Question 57

Ming Dynasty

Answer 57

Confucianism

Question 58

Han

Answer 58

Confucianism

Question 59

Qin

Answer 59

legalism