Midterm Jefferdy

Question 1

Teachers should teach morality for 3 reasons (there are 5)

Answer 1

• Students find moral and existential questions fascinating and make material engaging.
• Parents want schools to included moral training
• Citizenship and developing good people should be a priority
• Teachers have to respond to moral issues
• The diversity/heterogeneity in schools make it an interesting place to teach morality

Question 2

In the movie Hugh Grant is told “If you had to kill one person to solve cancer wouldn’t you”

Answer 2

• Utilitarian theory supports this
• Theory that sates that results are more important
• Greatest good for the greatest number (utility principle)

Question 3

Concrete approaches to handling ethical decisions

Answer 3

• Equality advanced
• General Welfare Advanced
• Spirit of Cooperation

Question 4

Relational Caring

Answer 4

-Ask the students how they want to be helped

Question 5

Immanual Kant

Answer 5

-The moral worth of an action depends on the intentions. We have to do it out of our duty and obligation (deontological)

Question 6

Autonomy

Answer 6

-Individual freedom to make choices

Question 7

Aristotle

Answer 7

-Focuses more on developing a good person rather than the act

Question 8

John Rawls

Answer 8

• Must Help least advantaged first

- We have an obligation to compensate for less fortunate and those more fortunate should show compassion

Question 9

MLK 5 Elements of Non-Violent Resistance

Answer 9

• Non-Injury (Physical & Spiritual)
• Defeat the unjust system, not unjust person
• Self-suffering can be a social force
• Human Nature can respond to Goodness
• Means to an end

Question 10

What 2 aspects other than Right vs Wrong helps define morality?

Answer 10

-Interests and welfare of others

Question 11

One Contribution from Character Development (3 Contributions)

Answer 11

• Emotional/Inspirational
• Instilling Virtues
• Proven traditions which have worked

Question 12

What is the highest form of moral development?

Answer 12

-Personal Commitment to universal principles such as justice

Question 13

What are the 2 reasons that influence a turn around in the study of 12,000 high schoolers?

Answer 13

• Having a family connection

- School Personnel, usually a teacher

Question 14

Prima Facie Duties

Answer 14

• Duties that are obligatory and binding
• Fidelity, reparation, Gratitude
• Non-Injury, Beneficence
• Self-Improvement, Justice

Question 15

When two Prima facie duties conflict, which takes priority?

Answer 15

-Non-Injury

Question 16

We are naturally born with a gut instinct for knowing what is a good moral choice. That is known as

Answer 16

-Moral intuition

Question 17

Characteristics of socratic method to build critical thinkers

Answer 17

• Line of questioning to justify answer by using evidence and reason
• Holding accountable to facts

Question 18

In Simon’s chapter on Larry Carlson’s War and Peace class, Natalie asked the class what if we dropped the atomic bomb on San Francisco, then how would you feel?What was her point?

Answer 18

• Through perspective taking, realize we have Moral Bias…Ideally, look at issue and not personal because tainted
• Good to reverse the situation to see if you are bias

Question 19

In the short story “Piece of Advice” a rabbi gave advice to the angry father to help him change his ways. What was that advice? That is, what was the moral of the story?

Answer 19

-Habits, if practiced, can change how you feel. ACT and feelings will follow….. “fake it until you make it”

Question 20

In a rare moment, JJ disagreed with the D. Lama on one of the Lama’s points in his reading. It dealt with the issue about loving those close to us. What did the Lama say and what does JJ disagree with?

Answer 20

-The Lama said it is nothing exceptional to love those near and dear to us. JJ said, sometimes these are the hardest to love, and thus they too need our compassion.

Question 21

What are the 4 types of dilemma Paradigms?

Answer 21

• Justice vs Mercy
• Truth vs Loyalty
• Short Term vs Long Term Consequence
• Individual vs Community

Question 22

What are the 3 elements that make up moral Courage?

Answer 22

• Risk
• Endurance
• Moral Principle (Value/Virtue)

Question 23

Europeans risked their lives to protect Jews. Researchers found a common theme. What was that theme?

Answer 23

-Capacity for extensive relationship. Beyond our own immediate circle of friends/family

Question 24

Cycle of Virtue

Answer 24

-Birth -> Sponge -> disposition -> Phornemos

Question 25

Communities role towards young People

Answer 25

-To inculcate and influence their live and instill wisdom and valued traditions

Question 26

Disposition

Answer 26

- Your normal self | - True Character

Question 27

Objections to utilitarianism

Answer 27

- Difficult to foresee all reasonable consequences - Even if seen, unforeseeable consequences can occur - Act is wrong even if overall consequence adds up poistive - Difficult co compare various conseqences - Same consequences has different value for different people

Question 28

Universality

Answer 28

-If we ask one person to act a certain way, then we should have all people to act that way

Question 29

Principle of justice

Answer 29

-Your body is worth one and only one

Question 30

Care Ethic

Answer 30

-Moral significance in the fundamental elements of relations in human life

Question 31

Teaching care for a student

Answer 31

- Teachers care for the student - Student feels cared for - Teacher knows the student feels cared for

Question 32

Fill-in-the-blank (same word for both blanks):  In the reading on the Dalai Lama, he said _________ is our ability to share in someone’s suffering.  We should reach a level of _________ that is unconditional, undifferentiated, and universal.

Answer 32

Compassion

Question 33

Of the 13 total guidelines suggested on JJ’s handout about Moral conversation, one is “Be aware that you have moral biases and blind spots.” Can you name another?

Answer 33

- Be aware that you have moral biases and blind spots - Open-mindedness that you could learn something form both the author and your classmates - Willingness to improve your knowledge of moral terms and concepts - Refrain from overly advancing your own current moral beliefs as if it must be the best choice - Listen closely to grasp what real moral message some else is conveying - Speak up! even if your ideas are half-formed, don't worry about being less than brilliant - It is good to clarify, question, challenge and exemplify ideas - Realize we will go on a tangent, but we need to allow it - Realize it will take time to get to know each other. - Do not force premature closure on the moral conversation - Find the truth in what you oppose; find the error in what you espouse - If you don't stand for something, you will fall for anything - Finally remember what Ludwing Wittgenstein said: Ethics and aesthetics are one and the same

Question 34

Name one moral lesson from the Auction activity held in class.

Answer 34

- Making priorities for your life - Know what you want to obtain and go for it- otherwise you will get the luck of the draw! - Shows you what you value the most at this point in your life - Shows different people have different priorities

Question 35

Deontological

Answer 35

-An end in itself (intrinsic worth: Value that something has )

Question 36

Teleological

Answer 36

-A means to an end (instrumental worth: value something has because it helps us get something)