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cellular bio > midterm lab exam > Flashcards

midterm lab exam Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

structured inquiry

A

when a problem its given to solve using a specific procedure

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2
Q

directed inquiry

A

a project agreed upon by a student and professor

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3
Q

guided inquiry

A

teacher provides support to guide students through their inquiry

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4
Q

open inquiry

A

ability to ask questions, share ideas, and challenge popular views and assumptions

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5
Q

dependent variable

A

a variable who’s value depends on that of another

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6
Q

independent variable

A

a variable who’s value does not depend on that of another

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7
Q

positive control

A

a sample or group in an experiment that is treated in a way that is known to produce a specific result.

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8
Q

negative control

A

a group or sample that is treated like the experimental group but is not expected to change.

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9
Q

hypothesis

A

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

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10
Q

replicate

A

make an exact copy of (reproduce)

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11
Q

compound microscope

A

a high magnification microscope that uses 2 lenses to compound (multiply) the level of magnification

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12
Q

dissecting microscope

A

to magnify and examine small objects in three dimensions

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13
Q

condenser

A

designed to transfer heat from a working fluid (e.g. water in a steam power plant) to a secondary fluid or the surrounding air.

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14
Q

iris diaphragm

A

controls how much light enters the camera and is essential for creating a well-exposed photo

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15
Q

objective lense

A

the lens that’s closest to the object being viewed

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16
Q

ocular lens

A

magnifies the image produced by the microscope’s objective so that it can be seen by the human eye

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17
Q

oil immersion lens

A

uses oil to increase magnification and resolution

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18
Q

cross section

A

a surface or shape that is or would be exposed by making a straight cut through something, especially at right angles to an axis.

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19
Q

drawing magnification

A

the ratio of the size of a drawing to the actual size of the object being drawn

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20
Q

field of view

A

the range of what can be seen at any given moment

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21
Q

resolution

A

the number of pixels in an image, which determines the level of detail and sharpness

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22
Q

total magnification

A

the combined magnification of the objective and ocular lenses in a microscope.

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23
Q

inoculating loop

A

a tool used to transfer small amounts of microorganisms from one place to another

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24
Q

gram stain

A

a laboratory test used to identify and classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure

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25
gram (+) bacteria
thin peptidoglycan layer absorbs antibiotics easily purple or blue
26
gran (-) bacteria
Thin peptidoglycan layer surrounded by an outer membrane more resistant to antibiotics pink or red
27
coccus
any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.
28
safranin
a red dye used as a biological stain in histology and cytology
29
bacillus
rod-shaped, endospore-forming aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria
30
crystal violet
a synthetic dye with a deep purple color
31
grams iodine
a chemical used to stain bacteria in the Gram staining process
32
wet mount
a technique for examining a specimen in a drop of liquid under a microscope
33
absorption spectrum
a graph that shows how much light a material absorbs at different wavelengths
34
visible light spectrum
the range of wavelengths of light that humans can see.
35
spectrophotometer
measuring the transmittance or absorbance of a sample as a function of the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
36
accuracy
the quality or state of being correct or precise.
37
Precision
the quality, condition, or fact of being exact and accurate
38
pH
logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions
39
pH meter
to measure acidity or alkalinity of a solution
40
litmus paper
paper that changes colour to tell the pH
41
pH indicator
a chemical that changes color based on the pH of a solution
42
pigment
a substance that gives color to materials, including paints, inks, plastics, and the human body
43
anthocyanin
pigments that give red, blue, and purple colors to fruits and vegetables
44
chlorophyll
the name of the green pigment that plants use to make food during a process called photosynthesis
45
acidic solution
a liquid that contains more hydrogen ions than pure water, giving it a pH less than 7
46
basic/alkaline solution
a pH value greater than 7
47
calibration
the action or process of calibrating an instrument or experimental readings.
48
degrees of freedom
the maximum number of logically independent values, which may vary in a data sample
49
confidence interval
the mean of your estimate plus and minus the variation in that estimate
50
student t test
to test whether mean difference between two groups is statistically significant.
51
standard deviation
a statistical measurement of how spread out a set of numbers is
52
mean
the sum of all the values divided by the total number of values in a given set
53
null hypothesis
a statistical assumption that there is no difference between groups or relationship between variables
54
p-value
measures the probability of obtaining the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true
55
probability
how likely something is to happen.
56
micropipette
a laboratory tool used to precisely measure and transfer very small volumes of liquid,
57
chelex
a chelating material from Bio-Rad used to purify other compounds via ion exchange
58
microcentrifuge
a small, motor-driven device that spins small liquid samples at high speeds
59
pasteur pippette
a laboratory tool used to transfer small amounts of liquid with precision
60
DNA
Deoxyribose nucleic acid double helix
61
Isopropyl alcohol
clear, colorless, bitter liquid commonly found in “rubbing alcohol,”
62
extraction/isolation media
solvents, sorbents, and other materials used to extract substances from other materials
63
sterile
free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; totally clean

cellular bio (2 decks)

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