Midterm: Lecture 2

Question 1

Lobes of lung

Answer 1

Three lobes in the right lung: the upper or superior, middle, and lower or inferior
Two lobes in left lung: upper and lower
right middle lobe on the left side is termed the Lingula

Question 2

Spirometry

Answer 2

test for pulmonary physiology

Question 3

Tidal volume

Answer 3

volume of air inspired and expired, when at rest

Question 4

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 4

max air inspired

Question 5

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 5

Max air expired during tidal volume

Question 6

Residual volume

Answer 6

Air remains after max expiration

Question 7

Total lung capacity

Answer 7

sum of residual volume, expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume

Question 8

Restrictive Disease

Answer 8

unable to take in a full, deep breath

Question 9

Some diseases with restrictive breathing pattern

Answer 9

polio, obesity, broken ribs, spinal cord disease

Question 10

Obstructive Disease

Answer 10

is difficulty getting all the air out., largest group of pulmonary diseases

Question 11

Chronic Obstructive

Pulmonary Disease

Answer 11

two diseases that affect the lungs—chronic bronchitis and emphysema. COPD causes progressive damage to the lungs.

Question 12

Bronchitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the lining of the bronchi

Increased mucus

Question 13

Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 13

Persistent cough
Extreme mucus production
Shortness of breath, especially with exercise

Question 14

Emphysema symptoms

Answer 14

chronic dyspnea (breathlessness)
hyperinflation with barrel chest

Question 15

Cyanosis

Answer 15

bluish coloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen

Question 16

Treatment of COPD

Answer 16

Slow damage
Relieve symptoms
Decrease flare-ups

Question 17

Pneumonia

Answer 17

infection caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi

Question 18

Signs/ Symptoms:

Answer 18

coughs, fever, sharp chest pain,

Question 19

Bronchietasis

Answer 19

damages the tiny cilia

Question 20

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

Answer 20

common, fatal genetic disease

Question 21

CF management

Answer 21

clear the thick secretions, to reduce chest infections

Question 22

Asthma

Answer 22

chronic inflammatory disease, causes: SOB, tightness in breath, coughing

Question 23

Bronchodilators (Puffers)

Answer 23

open the bronchial tubes of the lungs decreasing resistance

Question 24

Segment lung

Answer 24

19 different segments to the lungs and 11 different postural positions

Question 25

Different breath sounds

Answer 25

crackles or creps, wheezes, decreased air entry

Question 26

Contraindications to Assisted Cough

Answer 26

bleeding, osteoporosis, pregnancy

Question 27

postural drainage:

Answer 27

for excessive sputum, effectiveness cough, decreased breath sounds

Question 28

Contraindications to Postural Drainage

Answer 28

Hemorrhage Untreated acute conditions Cardiovascular instability

Question 29

Percussion (Clapping)

Answer 29

clapping over the chest | wall to shake secretions

Question 30

When doing percussion Watch for signs of:

Answer 30

dyspnea | pain

Question 31

Color of Sputum

Answer 31

White or clear : normal sputum Yellow : infection Green : chronic infection, usually bacterial Red/ reddish-brown : blood

Question 32

Goals of Breathing Exercises

Answer 32

Relaxation, clear secretions, improve ventilation

Question 33

Types of breathing

Answer 33

lateral costal, diaphragmatic

Question 34

Tracheostomy

Answer 34

incision on the anterior aspect of the neck

Question 35

Benefits of Oxygen therapy

Answer 35

improve sleep, mental alertness, stamina, carry out normal functions

Question 36

Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 36

lung injury, COPD, hypoxemia, CHF