MIDTERM LESSON

Question 1

Simple picture drawings used for communication purposes.

Answer 1

Petroglyphs

Question 2

The first writing system that used symbols to correspond with spoken sounds.

Answer 2

Cuneiform

Question 3

An ancient calculating tool with rows of movable beads on rods.

Answer 3

Abacus

Question 3

An alphabet that used symbols to express single syllables and consonants, later adding vowels.

Answer 3

Phoenician alphabet

Question 4

Introduced a movable metal-type printing machine, making written technology accessible.

Answer 4

Printing Press

Question 5

A mechanical device with graduated scales for simple calculations.

Answer 5

Slide Rule

Question 6

The first calculator or adding machine designed by Blaise Pascal, capable of addition and subtraction.

Answer 6

Pascaline

Question 7

Considered to be the first programmer

Answer 7

Ada lovelace

Question 8

Meaning of ENIAC

Answer 8

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

Question 8

A device designed by Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz for multiplication through repeated addition and shifting.

Answer 8

Step Reckoner

Question 9

A system advocated by Leibniz, using only two digits (0 and 1) in calculations.

Answer 9

Binary System

Question 10

The first successful automatic calculator designed by Charles Babbage.

Answer 10

Difference Engine

Question 11

Enabled communication over great distances using electricity.

Answer 11

Telegraph

Question 12

A system of dots and dashes used for transmitting messages.

Answer 12

Morse Code

Question 12

Invented by Alan Turing, a fundamental concept in computation.

Answer 12

Turing Machine

Question 13

The first large-scale electronic computer operational in 1944 at Bletchley Park.

Answer 13

Colossus

Question 13

The first general-purpose electronic computer capable of performing 5,000 additions per second.

Answer 13

ENIAC

Question 14

An early electronic computer that was binary and a stored program machine.

Answer 14

EDVAC

Question 15

The second electronic digital stored-program computer operational in 1949.

Answer 15

EDSAC

Question 16

Used in the first generation of computers, large, expensive, and energy-consuming.

Answer 16

Vacuum tubes

Question 17

Replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation of computers, making them smaller, faster, and more reliable.

Answer 17

Transistors

Question 18

Increased speed and efficiency in the third generation of computers.

Answer 18

Integrated circuits

Question 19

Developed in the fourth generation of computers, leading to personal computers.

Answer 19

Microprocessors

Question 20

Focuses on machine learning and automation.

Answer 20

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Question 20

A network of physical devices embedded with sensors and software to collect and share data.

Answer 20

Internet of Things (IoT)

Question 21

A digital ledger where encrypted blocks of data are stored and linked together.

Answer 21

Blockchain

Question 22

Supports Windows Server 20, Linux, and VMware ESX, making it suitable for both datacenter and home use.

Answer 22

Compatibility

Question 23

Comes with low-profile and full-height brackets, making it compatible with standard and mini-sized computer cases.

Answer 23

Brackets

Question 24

Devices connected to the computer to manage input or output functions.

Answer 24

External Computer Hardware Components

Question 25

A handheld input device that controls a cursor in a graphical user interface (GUI).

Answer 25

Mouse

Question 26

The prototype mouse was created in 1968 and first sold by Xerox Corporation on April 27, 1981.

Answer 26

First Mouse

Question 27

An input device featuring a standard QWERTY keyset, enabling users to input text, numbers, and special characters.

Answer 27

Keyboard

Question 28

An early keyboard was manufactured in Poland in 1976.

Answer 28

First Computer Keyboard

Question 29

A device that captures visual images and streams them to a computer or network device.

Answer 29

Camera

Question 29

An input device, either external or built into a laptop, used to control the pointer on a display screen.

Answer 29

Touchpad

Question 30

An external, removable storage device that uses flash memory and connects to a computer via a USB port.

Answer 30

USB Flash Drive

Question 31

A type of portable external storage media, such as a CompactFlash card, used for storing media or data files.

Answer 31

Memory Card

Question 32

flash memory mass storage device used mainly in portable electronic devices.

Answer 32

CompactFlash Card

Question 33

An output device similar to a TV screen, used to display information, documents, or images generated by a computer.

Answer 33

Monitor

Question 34

Different categories of monitors, including CRT, LCD, and LED.

Answer 34

Types of Monitors

Question 35

A vacuum tube containing an electron gun at one end and a fluorescent screen at the other.

Answer 35

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

Question 35

A flat-panel display made up of a layer of color or monochrome pixels, electrodes, and polarizing filters.

Answer 35

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Question 36

A semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current is passed through it.

Answer 36

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Question 37

Produces characters without striking the paper, leading to quieter operation.

Answer 37

Non-Impact Printer

Question 37

An external audio output device that connects to a computer to generate sound.

Answer 37

Speaker

Question 38

Devices that provide audio output that is audible to a single listener.

Answer 38

Headphones, Earphones, Earbuds

Question 39

Manages application programs and hardware communication.

Answer 39

Operating System (OS)

Question 40

Facilitates interaction between software and hardware.

Answer 40

Application Program Interface (API)

Question 41

Text-based interface for user commands.

Answer 41

Command-Line Interface (CLI)

Question 42

Visual interface using icons and menus.

Answer 42

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Question 43

Controls computer memory allocation and usage.

Answer 43

Memory Management

Question 44

Manages multiple programs running simultaneously.

Answer 44

Process Coordination

Question 45

Most popular OS, pre-installed on PCs.

Answer 45

Microsoft Windows

Question 46

Open-source OS, customizable and free.

Answer 46

Linux

Question 46

Apple's OS for Macintosh computers.

Answer 46

macOS

Question 47

Operating system for Apple mobile devices.

Answer 47

Apple iOS

Question 48

Operating system for Android mobile devices.

Answer 48

Google Android

Question 48

Central hub connecting all hardware components.

Answer 48

Motherboard

Question 49

Physical components of a computer system.

Answer 49

Computer Hardware

Question 50

Processes instructions and executes programs.

Answer 50

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Question 51

Volatile memory for quick data access.

Answer 51

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Question 52

Stores permanent and temporary data.

Answer 52

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Question 53

Faster storage using NAND flash memory.

Answer 53

Solid-State Drive (SSD)

Question 54

Read/write data on CDs, DVDs, Blu-rays.

Answer 54

Optical Drives

Question 55

Dissipates heat from computer components.

Answer 55

Heat Sink

Question 56

Processes graphical data for rendering.

Answer 56

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Question 57

Connects computer to a network.

Answer 57

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Question 58

Up to 700 MB of data.

Answer 58

Storage Capacity of CD

Question 59

Up to 17 GB of data.

Answer 59

Storage Capacity of DVD

Question 60

IBM PC (1981) with 16-64 KB RAM.

Answer 60

First Motherboard

Question 61

Intel 4004, 740 KHz, 92,000 instructions/sec.

Answer 61

First CPU

Question 62

IBM 1954, first commercial hard disk drive.

Answer 62

First HDD

Question 63

StorageTek (1978), first RAM-based SSD.

Answer 63

First SSD