Midterm Lymphatic and Immune Flashcards Preview

KNES 323 > Midterm Lymphatic and Immune > Flashcards

Flashcards in Midterm Lymphatic and Immune Deck (19)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Lymphatic system roles

A
  • drain interstitial fluid
  • help carry out immune responses
  • Transport dietary fats
2
Q

Interstitial fluid drainage

A
  • HYDOSTATIC PRESSURE-> leakage of capillaries -> fluid in interstitial space -> 15% reabsorbed by lymph system (& 85% reabsorbed by blood vessels)
  • lymphatic system drains excess fluid back into blood via vessels, trunks, and ducts
3
Q

Absorption of Dietary fats

A

vessels of lymph system- LACTEALS- transport lipids and fat soluble vitamins that are absorbed by GI

4
Q

Lymph capillaries

A
  • aka terminal lymphatics (or lacteals in SI)
  • where interstitial fluid enters to become lymph
  • interlaced throughout whole body and around blood vessels
5
Q

Lacteals

A
  • in SI
  • one layer endothelial cells with flaps at end to allow/ prevent back flow
  • transport dietary lipids & lipid vitamins
  • dietary triglycerides + other lipid and proteins enter lacteals and = CHYLE
  • Chyle-> through lymph system-> into liver -> into bloodstream
6
Q

how does lymph get around body without active pump (like heart)

A
  • movement of body
  • contraction of skeletal muscle during body movement
  • breathing movements
  • one way semilunar valves throughout vessels keeps them moving in the right direction
7
Q

lymphatic vessels eventually merge to form____?

A

Lymphatic Trunks

-lumbar, intestinal, jugular, subclavian, bronchomediastinal

8
Q

left vs right lymphatic ducts:

A

right: only upper right
left: rest of body aka THORACIC DUCT
located at junction of jugular and subclavian veins in neck

9
Q

flow through lymph structures: order

A

interstitial fluid-> lymph capillaries->lymph vessels-> lymph nodes-> lymph trunks -> lymph ducts ->subclavian veins

10
Q

primary lymphoid organs

A

Red bone marrow
thymus gland
-in immunocompetent people lymphocytes will develop in these organs until they are part of an immune response

11
Q

Red bone marrow and lymphocytes

A

B cell undergoes almost all maturation and development here

T cell begins development here- then goes to thymus gland for rest of maturation

12
Q

Thymus

A

between aorta and sternum

outer cortex has large number of t cells maturing

13
Q

Major histocompatibility complex

A
  • MHC
  • presented on surface of plasma membrane
  • prevent from attacking self antigens, so focus is on harmful antigens
14
Q

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

A

Lymph nodes
spleen
lymphatic nodules (ex: tonsils)

15
Q

Lymph node

A
  • bean shaped
  • cleanse the lymph of pathogens and debris as the lymph travels through the sinuses
  • major routes: afferent lymphatic vessels
  • fluid leaves vessels via efferent lymphatic vessels
16
Q

spleen: Pulp anatomy and functions

A

-largest single mass of lymphatic tissue
-2 main components within:
Red pulp: mainly rbc, filters the blood (phagocytize RBCs) and stores platelets
White pulp: mainly lymphatic tissue, mounts adaptive B and T cell responses in the body

17
Q

Lymphoid nodules

A
  • Dense cluster of lymphocytes without capsule
  • In respiratory and digestive tracts because they are routinely exposed to environmental pathogens
  • ex: tonsils which are on inner layer of pharynx, important for dev of oral immunity towards common pathogens
18
Q

2 immune system mechanisms and their functions

A

Innate: rapid but nonspecific
Adaptive: slower in dev. with initial infection to specific pathogen, but highly specific & effective

19
Q

Innate defense details

A
  1. Barrier defense: prevent pathogens from entering body, skin and mucous
  2. Internal defense mechanisms: phagocytes, Natural killer cells, inflammation, antimicrobial proteins, fever