Midterm Part 2 Definitions

Question 1

Columbian exchange

Answer 1

Interactions between the old world, originating with the voyages of columbus

Question 2

Congregation

Answer 2

The territorial and residential clustering of specific groups or subgroups of people

Question 3

Neoliberalism

Answer 3

Reduction in the role and budget of government including reduced subsidies and privatization of publicly owned and operated concerns

Question 4

Colonialism

Answer 4

The establishment and maintenance of political and legal documentation by a state over a separate and alien society

Question 5

Environmental determanism

Answer 5

Doctrine holding that human activities are controlled by the environment

Question 6

Carrying capacity

Answer 6

The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can support

Question 7

Kondratieff waves

Answer 7

A 50-year cycle with 25 years of upgrowth then 25 years of downfall. It is usually focused on technological advancement.
E.g. The 4 cycles since the industrial revolution (we are currently in the 5th)

Question 8

Special division of labor

Answer 8

How different production tasks are distributed to particular people in specific locations.

Question 9

Creative cities

Answer 9

People that Richard Florida classifies as creative class are people who are musicians, artists, engineers, etc. who take over cities and creates a focal point of new economic cities

Question 10

Symbolic landscape

Answer 10

Representations of popular values and aspirations builders want to inform onto the people/society

Question 11

Redlining

Answer 11

A discriminatory practice certain social groups are geographically grouped and discriminated against by financial institutions
E.g. Not offered loans

Question 12

Desatoka

Answer 12

“Town village” refers to the blend of rural agriculture and urban life in developing cities. For example, new shock cities are a blend of rural and urban

Question 13

Financialization

Answer 13

Increasing power of financial capital

Question 14

Paradigm

Answer 14

A way of thinking about how knowledge gets organized/develops over time

Question 15

Social urbanism

Answer 15

An undefined integrated and inclusive approach involving different stakeholders and socially responsible, innovative investment in urban physical and social infrastructure , and community institutional building