MIDTERM - PPT 3

Question 1

The Earth is a ____________ Planet

Answer 1

Dynamic

Question 2

the science that deals with the earth’s physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it.

Answer 2

Geology

Question 3

Earth’s Three Major Concentric Zones

Answer 3

Crust
Mantle
Core

Question 4

The ______ is the earth’s innermost zone. It is extremely hot and has a solid inner part, surrounded by a liquid core of molten or semisolid material.

Answer 4

core

Question 5

Most of the _________ is solid rock, but under its rigid outermost part is the asthenosphere—a zone of hot, partly melted rock that flows and can be deformed like soft plastic

Answer 5

Mantle

Question 6

The outermost and thinnest zone of the earth is the ________.

Answer 6

crust

Question 7

Crust consists of

Answer 7

Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust

Question 8

it underlies the continents (including the continental shelves extending into the oceans)

Answer 8

Continental Crust

Question 9

it underlies the ocean basins and makes up 71% of the earth’s crust

Answer 9

Oceanic Crust

Question 10

The flows of energy and heated material in the mantle’s convection cells cause a dozen or so huge rigid plates, called ________

Answer 10

tectonic plates

Question 11

the _________ drives seafloor spreading and moves the tectonic plates

Answer 11

Convection Cell

Question 12

Plate Boundaries consists of

Answer 12

Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary

Question 13

the continental plate usually rides up over the denser oceanic plate and pushes it down into the mantle in a process called

Answer 13

subduction

Question 14

The area where this collision and subduction takes place is called a

Answer 14

subduction zone

Question 15

The third type of boundary is a _________, where plates slide and grind past one another along a fracture (fault) in the lithosphere.

Answer 15

transform fault

Question 16

it is generated by heat from the earth’s interior, typically build up the earth’s surface in the form of continental and oceanic crust, including mountains and volcanoes

Answer 16

Internal geologic processes

Question 17

it is driven directly or indirectly by energy from the sun (mostly in the form of flowing water and wind) and influenced by gravity, tend to wear down the earth’s surface and move matter from one place to another.

Answer 17

external geologic processes,

Question 18

One major external geologic process is __________ , the physical, chemical, and biological processes that break down rocks into smaller particles that help build soil.

Answer 18

weathering

Question 19

An active volcano occurs where magma reaches the earth’s surface through a central vent or a long crack, called a

Answer 19

fissure

Question 20

Magma that reaches the earth’s surface is called

Answer 20

lava

Question 21

internal geological process is called an

Answer 21

earthquake

Question 22

The place where an earthquake begins, often far below the earth’s surface is called the

Answer 22

focus

Question 23

The earthquake’s ________ is found on the earth’s surface directly above the focus.

Answer 23

epicenter

Question 24

A __________ is a series of large waves generated when part of the ocean floor suddenly rises or drops.

Answer 24

tsunami

Question 25

A _________ is an element or inorganic compound that occurs naturally in the earth’s crust as a solid with a regular internal crystalline structure.

Answer 25

mineral

Question 26

________ is a solid combination of one or more minerals found in the earth’s crust.

Answer 26

Rock

Question 27

______ is made of sediments—dead plant and animal remains and existing rocks that are weathered and eroded into tiny particles.

Answer 27

Sedimentary rock

Question 28

____________ forms below or on the earth’s surface when magma wells up from the earth’s upper mantle or deep crust and then cools and hardens.

Answer 28

Igneous rock

Question 29

________ forms when a preexisting rock is subjected to high temperatures (which may cause it to melt partially), high pressures, chemically active fluids, or a combination of these agents.

Answer 29

Metamorphic rock

Question 30

The interaction of physical and chemical processes that change rocks from one type to another is called the

Answer 30

rock cycle.

Question 31

A ____________ is a concentration of naturally occurring material from the earth’s crust that can be extracted and processed into useful products and raw materials at an affordable cost.

Answer 31

mineral resource

Question 32

An ________ is rock that contains a large enough concentration of a particular mineral—often a metal—to make it profitable for mining and processing.

Answer 32

ore

Question 33

A __________ contains a large amount of the desired nonrenewable mineral resource

Answer 33

high-grade ore

Question 34

A _____________ contains a smaller amount.

Answer 34

low-grade ore