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Midterm Prep Flashcards

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1
Q

What is design?

A

The process of envisioning and planning the creation of objects, systems, interactions, etc.

Good design improves functionality, aesthetics, and usability while considering cost, feasibility, and efficiency constraints.

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2
Q

What factors should be considered when evaluating designers of the past?

A

Factors include:
* Available resources
* Technology changes
* Purpose of use changes
* Aesthetic choices & styles change
* Culture changes

These factors highlight the context in which design was created.

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3
Q

What is the relationship between form and function in design?

A

Form should inform function; if the form does not provide information about the function, the product is not well designed.

However, this does not guarantee the product will be used as intended.

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4
Q

How does function and design evolve?

A

Function remains constant while design evolves.

This indicates that while the purpose of a product may not change, the way it is designed can vary over time.

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5
Q

What is an interface?

A

A mechanism that we use to interact with things we’ve made, allowing interaction with the world.

Interfaces are essential for user interaction with products and systems.

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6
Q

What is user interface design?

A

The process of making software and devices with interfaces that are easy and efficient to use.

This includes layout, visual elements, and various aspects that facilitate or interfere with user interaction.

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7
Q

What considerations are included in good user interface design?

A

Good user interface design considers:
* Layout and structure
* Visual design
* Interactivity
* Accessibility
* Consistency
* Usability
* User feedback

These elements ensure a positive user experience.

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8
Q

True or False: Designers need to understand the principles of design.

A

True

Understanding design principles is crucial for effective design.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: Designers need to know their _______.

A

users

Knowing the target audience is vital for successful design outcomes.

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10
Q

What does UI stand for?

A

User Interface

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11
Q

What does GUI stand for?

A

Graphical User Interface

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12
Q

What are the key components of design in UI?

A
  • the screen
  • the elements
  • the colour
  • the platform
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13
Q

What does UX stand for?

A

User Experience

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14
Q

What does User Experience (UX) focus on?

A

Puts the end user at the centre of the universe and defines the system from that perspective

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15
Q

What is the definition of usability in the context of UX?

A

Finding the best match between a user’s needs and a product’s use

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16
Q

What are the four key aspects that UX affects?

A
  • Functionality
  • System Organization and Structure
  • Interactions and Look and Feel
  • Access
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17
Q

What is the focus of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research?

A

The interfaces between people (users) and computers

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18
Q

What key needs does UI fulfill in UX?

A
  • Interactions and Look and Feel
  • Access
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19
Q

True or False: Poor UX means people will use your product.

A

False

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20
Q

What are the three criteria for a good design?

A
  • Does what the users need and want
  • Natural to use
  • Helps them avoid trouble
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21
Q

What is User Centred Design?

A

Puts the end user at the centre of the universe and defines the system from that perspective

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22
Q

List the seven human capabilities relevant to UI/UX design.

A
  • Memory
  • Attention
  • Visual and Audio Perception
  • Learning
  • Language and Communication
  • Touch
  • Ergonomics
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23
Q

What factors influence user value and sensibilities?

A
  • Level of experience
  • Physical or mental capabilities and limitations
  • Cultural expectations
  • Language differences
  • Senses of style
  • Different needs or values
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24
Q

What are the stages in the Traditional Waterfall model?

A
  • Requirements
  • Design
  • Code
  • Integration
  • Acceptance
  • Release
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25
What is a limitation of the Traditional Waterfall model?
UI flaws often cause changes in requirements and design, leading to waste of resources
26
What is the first step in the User Centred Design process?
Identify who the users are
27
What is the best technique for understanding user needs?
Interviewing & Observing People
28
How should a user study be conducted?
* Plan topics in advance * Create an interview guide * Identify the target user base * Observe user behavior * Take copious notes/record the session * Allow users to run the task without leading them
29
What are the benefits of starting with paper prototypes?
Easier and cheaper to make while still providing valuable design information
30
What are wireframes in UI design?
The skeleton of your product including screen layouts and navigation bars
31
What is the first principle for designing UIs?
Visibility of System Status
32
What does the principle 'Match Between the System and the Real World' entail?
The design should speak the users' language and follow real-world conventions
33
What does the principle of 'User Control and Freedom' emphasize?
Providing a clearly marked 'emergency exit' for users to leave unwanted actions
34
What does 'Error Prevention' mean in UI design?
Carefully preventing problems from occurring in the first place
35
What is meant by 'Recognition Rather than Recall'?
Minimize the user's memory load by making elements visible
36
What is the principle of 'Aesthetic and Minimalist Design'?
Interfaces should not contain irrelevant information
37
What should error messages do according to UI principles?
Be expressed in plain language and suggest constructive solutions
38
What is the overall aim of UI/UX design?
Create a system that delights the users
39
What are the stages in the life cycle of system use?
* Acquiring * Installing * Using * Maintaining * Ending
40
What are some demographic aspects to understand about your user?
Age, Gender, Language, Location, Education ## Footnote Understanding demographics helps tailor user experiences.
41
What should you consider regarding the user's goals with an app or website?
What Does The User Want To Achieve? What Problems Might The App Solve? ## Footnote Identifying user goals is essential for effective design.
42
What are some current solution pain points for users?
Existing tools or processes they use, What Works/Doesn’t Work About Those Tools ## Footnote Understanding pain points can guide improvements.
43
What aspects of usage/context should be considered?
Environmental Conditions, Personal Conditions ## Footnote Context helps in designing relevant user experiences.
44
What are the device preferences that should be taken into account?
Mobile Vs. Computer, iOS Vs. Android ## Footnote Knowing device preferences ensures compatibility and usability.
45
What are the key features that an app or website should include?
Must-Haves ## Footnote Key features are critical for meeting user needs.
46
What legal issues should be considered in design?
Accessibility (AODA), Privacy (PIPEDA), Anti-Spam (CASL) ## Footnote Compliance with legal standards is essential for user trust.
47
What are some design preferences to consider?
Specific Design Specs, Avoided Design Elements ## Footnote Design preferences can influence user satisfaction.
48
What is a user story?
A short, simple description of a feature from the user's perspective ## Footnote User stories help focus on user needs without detail overload.
49
What is the purpose of scenarios in user-centered design?
Provide context for user interaction, motivations, and flow ## Footnote Scenarios help empathize with users and identify pain points.
50
What are personas in user-centered design?
Fictional characters informed by evidence to connect with real users ## Footnote Personas aid in understanding user needs and experiences.
51
What types of personas exist?
* Primary * Secondary * Customer * Served * Negative ## Footnote Different persona types target varying user segments.
52
What biases can affect the creation of personas?
* Confirmation Bias * Stereotyping * Recency Bias * Cultural Bias * Selection Bias * Anchor Bias * Groupthink * Over-reliance on Quantitative Data * Ego-centric Bias ## Footnote Awareness of biases is crucial for accurate persona development.
53
What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?
Quantitative data is measurable metrics; qualitative data provides descriptive insights ## Footnote Both types of data are essential for comprehensive user understanding.
54
What are the three types of usability testing formats?
* Qualitative or Quantitative * Moderated or Unmoderated * Remote or In-Person ## Footnote Different testing formats yield varied insights into user behavior.
55
What are Gestalt principles?
Theories explaining how humans organize visual information ## Footnote Gestalt principles enhance usability by structuring content effectively.
56
What are the five Gestalt principles mentioned?
* Similarity * Closure * Proximity * Symmetry * Figure/Ground ## Footnote These principles guide visual organization in design.
57
What is the difference between user-centered design and participatory design?
User-centered design focuses on user needs; participatory design involves users in the design process ## Footnote Both approaches aim to create effective user experiences.
58
What are the components of a scenario?
* Persona * Events leading up to the scenario * Environment of scenario ## Footnote Scenarios provide detailed context for user interactions.
59
What is a use case?
A specific linear scenario describing interactions between actors and the system ## Footnote Use cases clarify user-system interactions.
60
What are the three types of use cases?
* Brief * Casual * Fully Dressed ## Footnote Each type varies in detail and format.

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