midterm review Flashcards
CP
communist party, directed by the only communist party of the time (soviets),
socialists
not communists, hated them
anarchists
red and black, leftist faction, don’t want strict state control cornerstone of socialist and communist values
POUM
non-stalinist communists who were eventually executed/liquidated, called trotskyites
SIM
republic military intelligence
IB
international brigades, led by andre marty
republic/government (fwtbt)
good/anti-fascist side of for whom the bell tolls, fighting nationalists
nationalists/army
fascist side of for whom the bell tolls, fighting republic, win
spain before 1936
super poor; no literacy, education for women; estates farmed by peasants; hierarchical society; catholic church controls education
nationalist allies
germany (hitler), italy (mussolini)
republic allies
USSR
unintentional (?) nationalist allies
us, uk, and france are neutral but it ends up helping the nationalists and leading to the rise of the CP in spain
guernica
firebombing of city by hitler’s legions in 1937, city razed to ground, seen as symbolic of fascist violence against citizens
may 1937
POUM declared illegal bc they published criticism of stalin, CP ends them, hemingway pro POUM crackdown, thought it was necessary
end of SCW
april 1, 1939
red terror
committed by the republic, early in the war, 38-55k civilians killed, local personal grudges, unorganized, mostly industrialists landowners and ppl that sided with the church killed
white terror
by the nationalists, 155-200k killed, orderly through courts, continues after war, franco randomly chose ppl to pardon from stack of executions
francisco franco
ruled spain as dictator 1939-1975, dissolves spanish parliament when he takes control
enlightenment
1687-1804 (begins with publication of newton’s principia mathematica), stresses rationality, scientific method, purpose of society is to serve the citizen, natural rights and shi
adam smith
english philosopher, talked about the “invisible hand” controlling the market and making prices and stuff aka capitalism aka the market place adjusts prices to benefit the shop owner, consumer, etc
john locke
english philosopher, natural rights, social contract, life liberty and pursuit of happiness, ppl should have rights
rene descartes
french philosopher, created the coordinate plane, cogito ergo sum (if you can doubt your existence you must exist?)
voltaire
french philosopher, civil liberties, free speech, tolerance of other religions
rousseau
french philosopher, social contract, republic/representative gov’t, prefers “state of nature” (pre civilization era of humanity)