Midterm Review

Question 1

What is ionization ?

Answer 1

The process of removing an electron from an atom

Question 2

ALARA

Answer 2

As low as reasonably achievable

Question 3

Which modalities utilize non ionizing radiation ?

Answer 3

1. Sonography
2. MRI

Question 4

Sonography uses mechanical energy in the form of __

Answer 4

Sound waves

Question 5

MRI uses ____ frequency waves, along with a very strong ___ field.

Answer 5

Radio
Magnetic

Question 7

The human body is comprised mostly of ___

Answer 7

Hydrogen nuclei or water

Question 8

Non ionizing radiation that we use to asses function within a patient, think of it as a movie or reel that we are able to save.

Answer 8

Fluoroscopy

Question 9

Who is the father of western medicine ?

Answer 9

Hippocrates

Question 10

Fluroscopy is a type of non ionizing radiation.

True or false

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the 5 stages of grief ?

Answer 11

1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

Question 12

Which of the following is part of the law of Bergonié and Tribondeau?

Answer 12

Stem cells are radiosensitive

Question 13

Which types of cells are more susceptible to injury from radiation ?

Answer 13

Cells that are young

Question 14

Which types of cells are more susceptible to injury from radiation ? Cells that are young, that are rapidly dividing, immature.

Answer 14

Bergonie and Tribondeau

Question 15

How is cardiac output calculated ?

Answer 15

Stroke volume and heart rate

Question 16

Stroke volume which is left ___ output

Answer 16

Ventricular

Question 17

The sodium-potassium pump functions to pump …

Answer 17

Sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.

Question 18

PR interval

Answer 18

Interval beginning of de- and re- polarization

Question 19

The term used to describe energy transmitted through mater is :

Answer 19

Radiation

Question 20

The driving and guiding force that outlines the reason for the existence of a hospital is its:

Answer 20

Mission statement

Question 21

The board of directors employs ___ , who interacts with the medical staff to ensure coordination and quality of patient care and services.

Answer 21

President or chief executive officer

Question 22

a typical organizational structure of a hospital will have the hospitals chief executive officer CEO or president reporting to the

Answer 22

Board of directors

Question 23

a formal document that outlines the department structure of a hospital by showing lines of authority reporting structures and the interrelationships

Answer 23

Organizational chart

Question 24

group of people authorized by law to conduct, maintain, and operate a hospital for the benefit of the public and whose legal and moral responsibility for policies and operations of the hospital are not for personal benefit of the members

Answer 24

Board of directors or governing board

Question 25

person appointed by the board of directors who has full accountability for the entire hospital or health care organization

Answer 25

Chief executive officer

Question 26

The physician who is in charge of the quality of the program

Answer 26

Medical director

Question 27

all are related except quality control inspections total quality management performance improvement continuous quality improvement

Answer 27

Quality control inspection

Question 28

system of development in the workplace for daily improving performance at every level in every operational process by focusing on meeting or exceeding customer expectations

Answer 28

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

Question 29

process of identifying and analyzing important organizational and individual performance gaps, planning for future performance improvement, designing and developing cost-effective and ethically justifiable interventions to close performance gaps, implementing the interventions, and evaluating the financial and non-financial results

Answer 29

Performance Improvement (PI)

Question 30

Who oversees things like the CQI and PI

Answer 30

Medical director

Question 31

Which of the following instruments is used to monitor both the pulse and the oxygen saturation of the blood?

Answer 31

Pulse oximeter

Question 32

110/78 mm Hg is a typical measurement for which of the following vital signs?

Answer 32

Blood pressure

Question 33

What are acceptable administrations for oxygen? 1. a mask 2. nasal prongs 3. ventilator 4. tent

Answer 33

All of these

Question 34

What do we use to measure blood pressure ?

Answer 34

sphygmomanometer (often called a blood pressure cuff)

Question 35

What do we use to measure temperature ?

Answer 35

Thermometer

Question 36

What is the devise used to measure pulse ?

Answer 36

Pulse oximeter

Question 37

What are the average pulse rates in resting state for babies, children and adults?

Answer 37

Infant- 120 bpm Age 4 to 10- 90 to 100 bpm Adult- 60 to 90 bpm

Question 38

Normal Respirations (Infant and adult)

Answer 38

infant- 30-60 breaths/min Adults- 15-20 breaths/min

Question 39

Adult blood pressure ranges from ..

Answer 39

Systolic- 90 to 120 mm Hg Diastolic- 50 to 70 mm Hg

Question 40

Normal body temperature ranges from …

Answer 40

97-99 degrees Fahrenheit 36.1-37.2 degrees Celsius

Question 41

Which component of the x-ray tube serves as the source of free electrons?

Answer 41

Cathode filament

Question 42

X-rays are produced in a big glass __

Answer 42

Vacuum

Question 43

What charge is on the cathode side ?

Answer 43

Negative

Question 44

What charge is on the anode side ?

Answer 44

Positive

Question 45

What do we use to heat up the filament ?

Answer 45

Milliamperage

Question 46

Provides potential difference to send electrons across the tube where they are stoped by the anode.

Answer 46

-kVp

Question 47

the device that captures the exit radiation from the patient, converting it into a latent image

Answer 47

Image receptor

Question 48

We use our milliamperage to heat up the filament on cathode side which produces ___ which we then apply ___ That provides potential difference to send electrons across the tube. Stoped by the anode then exit tube, go through patient to the __

Answer 48

Electrons KvP Image receptor

Question 49

Causes non diagnostic images through the scatter mechanism.

Answer 49

Compton

Question 50

How lead shielding is used in order to protect ourselves and the patient.

Answer 50

Photelectric

Question 51

In order to increase the penetration of the X-ray beam, which of the four primary factors do you have to increase?

Answer 51

KvP

Question 52

In a slider board transfer, the patient is helped to:

Answer 52

slide on a draw sheet across the board to another surface

Question 53

What are some examples of transfer-patient devises ?

Answer 53

Slide board Draw sheets

Question 54

How many people should assist in moving a patient that cannot move on their own ?

Answer 54

Three

Question 55

Immobilization devices include : (3)

Answer 55

Sandbags Velcro straps Positioning sponges

Question 56

are extremely helpful in reducing voluntary motion.

Answer 56

Sandbags

Question 57

What’s a simple immobilization devise and a complex one

Answer 57

Sandbag Wrap a baby with the mummy wrap technique

Question 58

This refers to the amount of clinically useful diagnostic information obtained from a medical imaging procedure.

Answer 58

Diagnostic yield

Question 59

It emphasizes the quantity of relevant findings produced by the study.

Answer 59

Diagnostic yield

Question 60

This relates to the accuracy of the diagnostic study in revealing the patient's actual medical condition.

Answer 60

Diagnostic efficacy

Question 61

It signifies how well the test correctly identifies the presence or absence of disease.

Answer 61

Diagnostic efficacy

Question 62

Essentially, it's about the reliability of the diagnostic information provided by the imaging.

Answer 62

Diagnostic efficacy

Question 63

define diagnostic yield

Answer 63

amount of clinically useful info on a diagnostic image

Question 64

what kinds of medical info that the image is going to show you regarding the pt's condition

Answer 64

Diagnostic yield

Question 65

the accuracy with which a diagnostic study reveals the patient's medical condition is called its...

Answer 65

diagnostic efficacy

Question 66

efficacy vs yield

Answer 66

yield: amount of useful info efficacy: accuracy of info

Question 67

When a physicain makes a decision to order a specific exam such as CT vs MRI which ever modaility is going to provide the most information of patients condition.

Answer 67

Diagnostic yield

Question 68

Occupational Exposure (Annual Effective Dose Limit)

Answer 68

50 mSv (5 rem)

Question 69

What is the 50 milliseverts a year based on ?

Answer 69

Background radiation

Question 71

defining as exact and precise an area an area as possible for the patients complaint. Requires carefully worded questions accompanied by proper touching of the patient.

Answer 71

Localization

Question 72

the time element of the history. the duration since onset, frequency and course of symptoms should be established. Should be described in seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, ect.

Answer 72

Chronology

Question 73

Describes the character of the symptoms includes the color and consistency of body fluids, the presents of clots or sores, the size of lumps or lesions, type of cough, and character of pain.

Answer 73

Quality

Question 74

the intensity, the quality, or extent of the problem

Answer 74

Severity

Question 75

what the patient was doing when the illness or injury began

Answer 75

Onset

Question 76

circumstances that intensify or produce the problem. It should be well defined. Included anything modifies the problem

Answer 76

Aggravating or alleviating Factors

Question 77

Determining whether other symptoms accompany the chief complaint.

Answer 77

Associated Manifestations

Question 78

In patient history what is the sacred seven ?

Answer 78

1. Localization 2. Chronology 3. Quality 4. Severity 5. Onset 6. Aggravating or alleviating factors 7. Associated manifestations