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APHUG > MIDTERM REVIEW > Flashcards

MIDTERM REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Human geography

A

branch of geography that studies people and their communities, cultures, economies, and interactions with the environment by studying their relations across space and place

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2
Q

Human geo focus 1

A

how people make places

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3
Q

human geo focus 2

A

how we organize space and society

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4
Q

human geo focus 3

A

how we interact with each other

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5
Q

human geo focus 4

A

how we make sense of ourselves and others

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6
Q

map

A

flat scale model of the real world

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7
Q

physical reference map

A

shows physical features of a place

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8
Q

political reference map

A

shows boundaries, major cities, and capitals

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9
Q

thematic map

A

tells story of distribution of certain geographic phenomena around the world

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10
Q

mental map

A

person’s perception of their area of interaction

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11
Q

activity space

A

person’s area of interaction

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12
Q

scale

A

ratio of distance on a map vs real world

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13
Q

ratio/fraction scale

A

1:800, 1/800

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14
Q

written scale

A

1 inch equals 800 miles

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15
Q

graphic scale

A

marked bar line to show distance on earth’s surface

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16
Q

map projection

A

transformation of locations from the surface of a sphere into locations on a plane

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17
Q

all map projections:

A

distort the surface in some way

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18
Q

mercator projection

A

standard rectangular map projection with most distortion around the poles

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19
Q

Goode homolosine projection

A

projection that zig zags so that it can be wrapped into a sphere

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20
Q

Robinson projection

A

map projection with rounded edges

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21
Q

geographic grid

A

system of imaginary arcs drawn in a grid pattern on earths surface

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22
Q

meridians

A

arcs drawn between the north and south poles

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23
Q

longitude

A

numbered system of meridians

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24
Q

0º longitude

A

pime meridian

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25
180º longitude
international date line
26
parallel
arcs drawn between parallel to the equator
27
latitude
numbered system of parallels
28
0º latitude
equator
29
latitude range
0º to 90º
30
longitude range
0º to 180º
31
time zone
region of the globe that recognizes uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes
32
UCT (universal coordinated time)
time at the prime meridian
33
GIS (geographic informational system)
system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data
34
remote sensing
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object
35
GPS (global positioning system)
global navigation satellite system that provides geolocation and time information to receivers anywhere on or near Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to 4+ satellites
36
place
point on earth
37
region
area on earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics
38
location
the position that something occupies on earths surface
39
toponym
name given to a place
40
site
physical character of a place
41
situation
location of a place relative to other places
42
cultural landscape
combination of cultural features, physical features, and economic features
43
formal region
area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
44
vernacular region
place that people believe exists as part if their cultural identity
45
functional region
area organized around a focal point
46
culture
customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that are distinct tradition of a group of people
47
environmental determinism
physical environment determines the outcome to trajectory of human social development
48
possibilism
physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust their environment
49
globalization
force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope
50
diffusion
the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time
51
hearth
the place from which innovation originates
52
relocation diffusion
spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another
53
expansion diffusion
the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process
54
expansion diffusion processes
hierarchical diffusion, contagious diffusion, stimulus diffusion
55
resource
substance in the environment that is useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and socially acceptable to use
56
renewable resource
produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans
57
nonrenewable resource
produced in nature more slowly that it is consumed by humans
58
demography
social science which entails the statistical study of human populations
59
RNI (rate of natural increase)
statistic that expressed a country or region's annual growth rate
60
RNI expressed as
percentage
61
RNI calculated
CBR - CDR
62
TFR (total fertility rate)
synthetic rate that expresses the fertility of a country or region, average number of children a woman will have
63
TFR 1
halving rate
64
TFR 2
replacement rate
65
TFR 4
doubling rate
66
young/old population
proportion of young people (under 15) compared to the proportion of old people (65+), illustrated by population pyramids
67
dependency ratio
young and old populations combined
68
population pyramid
visual representation that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population
69
rapid growth pop. pyramid
pyramid shape
70
slow/stable growth pop. pyramid
roughly even all the way through the graph
71
negative growth pop. pyramid
upside down pyramid shape
72
life expectancy
average number of years a person is expected to live from birth
73
indicator of how healthy a pop. set is:
life expectancy
74
DT (demographic transition)
transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops from pre industrial to post industrial
75
stage 1 demographic transition
pre industrial
76
stage 2 demographic transition
early industrial
77
stage 3 demographic transition
late industrial
78
stage 4 demographic transition
post industrial
79
infant mortality rate
number of deaths of infants under 1 in a given year per 1000 live births
80
epidemic/pandemic disease
results in high mortality rates which prohibit progress in demographic transition
81
epidemiologic transition
distinctive health traits in each stage of the demographic transition

APHUG (1 decks)

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