Midterm Terms Flashcards by Bryson Terazono

periodic phrasing

phrases portions

harmonic and melodic symmetries

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double return

return of tonic and exposition theme after the development

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empfindsamer Stil

“sensitive style” classical composition style

express true and natural feelings

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Empfindsamkei

sensibility, aimed at the expression and transmission of different human emotions

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instrumental recitative

instrumental works, melodic lines resemble vocal recitatives. non verbal communication between composer/performer to listener

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clavichord

keyboard instrument capable of dynamics.

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fantasia

free from structure, harmonic/rhythmically different

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Alberti bass

three note chord arpeggiated from low to high

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galant style

18th century aesthetic

pleasant, easily absorbed, light accompaniment

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accompanied keyboard sonata

keyboard sonata late 18th century

with instrumental accompaniment

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dramma giocoso

Italian for humors drama

common opera genre in 18th century

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opera buffa

comic opera

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intermezzo

short comic opera in between acts

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The War of The Buffoons or Querelle des Bouffons

battle between musical styles,

between French and Italian operas

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reform operas

opera aimed at sensitivity
natural and true to real life
Gluk

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enlightenment

era of reason,

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Concert Spirituel

early European concert series

organized in Paris

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symphonic binary form

musical forms in two related sections

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sonata form

exposition development recap

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double exposition form

orchestra plays exposition

soloist modulates it

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string quartet

chamber ensemble

2 violin, viola, cello

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symphony

composition for full orchestra

large multi movement work

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Sturm und Drang

German storm and stress
literary movement
violent emotional changes in most dramatic way possible

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thematic work

manipulation of thematic material

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exposition

opening of sonata from

development

develops new theme

recapitulation

last section, restates theme of exposition in tonic

the typical four movements of the symphony and string quartets

sonata allegro slow adagio dance minuet scherzo fast rondo/sonata rondo

minuet

triple meter form dance

scherzo

"joke" fast moving replaced slower minuet

rondo form

usually last movement | lively thematic section alternates between episodes

cadenza

written/imporv section free rhythmic style show off virtuosity

noise-killer opening

big opening to quiet everyone

Singspiel

German for singing play operatic work with spoken dialog balled opera

organicism

entire word is developed from on seed/theme

sketch books

Beethoven's drafts, can see edits

conversation books

asked people to write down their response

Heiligenstadt Testament

letter written by Beethoven to his brothers expressing his despair to deafness and desire to overcome challenges

program music

pieces with elaborate background stories or extramusical references

impresario

Italian for entrepreneur | someone who organizes/finances concerts, plays, operas

cantabile

Italian for song like | applied to instrumental chamber music

tempo di mezzo

transition between cantabile and a cabaletta within a serious aria

scena

division of an act in Italian opera scene with self contained tragedy focused on one/two characters

cavatina

solo aria | characters entrance

bel canto

Italian for fine singing operatic style of singing virtuous upper registers

absolute music

instrumentalist music composed purely as music, not intended to represent or illiterate something else like program music

ballad

sung narrative poem

basso buffo

comic bass

Bayreuth

Wagner Festival

concert overture

piece of music indented for independent performance | forerunner of the symphonic poem

endless melody

seamless stream of notes that continually avoids final cadence Wagner

exoticism

evoke atmosphere of other cultures

form yields to content

where music follows structure of the content

George Sand

Chopin's girlfriend novelist Amantine Lucile Dupin

Gesamtkunstwerk

German for total/united work | use of all media

ide'e fixe

French fixed idea Berlioz music idea that reoccurs within a work recalling an idea

Liederkreis

Shumann song cycle

literacy

refers to someone musical knowledge

lyric poem

express personal emotions

miniature

short pieces domestic use everyone could play and enjoy

modal mixture

mixing harmonies from different modes | its parallel minor

music drama

name given by Wagner to his operas

nationalism

patriotic tribute to a group

New German School

aplied to circle of composers around Franz Liszt in Weimar

part songs

male/female choral pieces

patter songs

comic aria | very fast lots of words

piano duet

four hands one keyboard | domestic use

realism

natural | true feelings `

recital

solo performance | show off skill

rubato

robbed break away from tempo own speed

salon

jam sesh

Schubertiade

Shubert centered event

strophic

same melody | different words

tenore di forza

strong tenor | top vocalist

the democratization of taste

concerts geared toward public's taste

Rossini crescendo

trademark crecendo

through-composed

continues | no sections or repeats

transcriptions

arrangement, opera excerpts into piano

year of song

Schumann wrote over a hundred songs

Midterm Terms Flashcards

(79 cards)