midterms Flashcards
(160 cards)
1
Q
paiba-iba ng shape
A
Plasticity
2
Q
having two (2) leaves
A
Bifoliate
3
Q
common in Aroids (family of Arums or Araceae)
A
Hastate
4
Q
known as windmill bush and banana bush, is a species of plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae.
A
Tabernaemontana pandacaqui
5
Q
where did plants first thrive?
A
aquatic
6
Q
how do plants disperse?
A
pollen
7
Q
agent of pollination of ancestor plants
A
water (buoyant)
8
Q
this becomes the fruit
A
ovary
9
Q
this becomes the seeds
A
ovule
10
Q
the male part
A
stamen (anther and filament)
11
Q
the female part
A
pistil (stigma, style, ovary)
12
Q
they are mostly white in color, have an odor, and their pollinators are bats and moths
A
night flowers
13
Q
can be either staminate or pistillate
A
unisexual - monoecious
14
Q
complete four whorls
A
perfect flower
15
Q
this is the outermost part of flower
A
calyx or sepal
16
Q
it is a specialized short shoot
A
flower
17
Q
the petals and other parts of flowers are ____ adapted to carry on _______ and ___________
A
modified leaves; sexual reproduction and production of seeds
18
Q
as a unit, flower performs what two functions?
A
precise pollen transfer and production of fruit and seeds
19
Q
pollen transfer is achieved by transfer agents like?
A
insects, birds or other flying animals, wind, or water
20
Q
flower is basically a ____ with _______, so almost everything discussed about the internal features of vegetative shoots also applies to flowers.
A
stem; leaflike structures
21
Q
this growth does not occur in flowers
A
secondary growth
22
Q
t or f: flower never becomes woody
A
true
23
Q
basic ____ and _____ of flowers and fruits are not affected quite so much by environmental factors
A
morphology and anatomy
24
Q
what are the essential parts of flower?
A
pistil and stamen
25
the female structure, composed of ovary, stigma, style
pistil, carpel, gynoecium
26
the male structure consisting of anther and filament
stamen, androecium
27
what are the accessory parts of flower?
perianth (corolla/petal and calyx/sepal)
28
the flower is joined to the stem by a central axis the stalk commonly known as
peduncle or pedicel
29
the expanded terminal portion of the pedicel where the floral parts arise is called
torus or receptacle
30
pistils, stamen, calyx, and corolla are present
complete flower
31
one or more of its parts (pistils, stamen, calyx, and corolla) is/are missing
incomplete flower
32
both stamen and pistil are present in one flower
perfect flower or bisexual
33
either stamen or pistil is present, not both in one flower
imperfect flower or unisexual
34
both staminate and pistillate flowers are borne on the same plant, ex: corn
monoecious
35
staminate flowers are produced by one plant and the pistillate flowers by another plant, ex: papaya
dioecious
36
ovary (pistil) superior, sepal, petal, and stamen below
hypogynous
37
ovary (pistil) inferior, sepal, petal, and stamen above
epigynous
38
ovary (pistil) superior by half inferior-pistil at the bottom of receptacle or the edges of which the sepal, stamen, and petal are attached
perigynous
39
floral organs of the same kind fused
conation
39
floral organs of another type maybe fused together
adnation
40
when parts of each set of organs is of the same size and shape and they show radial symmetry
regular flower
41
when some parts of one or more sets of organs differ from other parts of the same set either in size or in shape, or both
irregular flower
42
represented by bean flowers
papilionaceous
43
represented by the orchids
orchidaceous
44
represented by the fire or flame tree, caballero
caesalpinaceous
45
two sets of petals
two lipped or bilabiate
46
it consists of standard or banner petal, two wing petals, keel, stamen, stigma, hypogynous
bean flowers
47
it consists of epigynous, three distinct sepals, two wing petals, stamens
orchid flowers
48
it consists of petal, keel, stamen
flame tree flowers
49
parts may be produced on the receptacles
spiral
50
parts maybe produced in circle
whorls
51
sessile flowers on simple undivided axis
spike or spicate
52
pedicelled flowers on undivided axis
raceme or racemose
53
floral axis is much branched from which pedicellate flowers arise
panicle or paniculate
54
predicted flowers of equal length arise from a common point
umbel or umbellate
55
composed rays and disks flowers wherein sessile flowers arise from a flat or short axis producing a globose or flat-topped cluster
head or capitulum
56
a modified panicle, a flat-topped or convex-topped inflorescence due to lower flowers having longer pedicels. Outer flowers open first
corymb or corymbose
57
similar to corymb but thin inner flowers open first
cyme or cymose
58
several spadices (perfect or unisexual, fleshy flower on fleshy axis enclosed by a floral envelope, which is actually a fleshy bract, the spathe
fascicle
59
family poaceae is also known as
family gramineae or grass family
60
they are fodders, grow annually, prevent soil erosion (fibrous roots), and comprise 60% of biomass
family poaceae
61
they are one-time flower. After flowering, they are dead
bamboos
62
this genus has adventitious roots
genus Zea
63
di na nakakabalik
disclimax
64
what is the fruit of poaceae?
caryopsis (fused with seed coat)
65
family burseraceae is also known as
frankincense family
66
has almond smell and has bigger scales
family burseraceae
67
consists of resinous shrubs and trees
family burseraceae
68
the order of family burseraceae
order sapindales
69
native in tropical areas and forests and woodlands
family burseraceae
70
- They are woody trees.
- Shrubby, pachycaulous, or caudiciform.
- Resin-production ability – protects from pathogens.
- Fleshy fruit or dry compound drupe.
- Seeds encapsulated in a pyrene.
- Drought tolerant.
family burseraceae
71
- Resin-production.
- Alternate leaves
family burseraceae
72
- Resin ducts – non-allergic.
- Compound or lobed leaves.
- Armed with laterally compressed, cuspidate protuberances
family burseraceae
73
- presence of resins
- aromatic bark that peels or flakes
- almond-like smell
family burseraceae
74
- alternate, spiral leaves
- petiolate and exstipulate
- entire to serrate margin
- basta oblong
- pinnate venation
- trifoliate or unifoliate
- has pulvinus (swollen base)
family burseraceae
75
- axillary, raceme, panicle
- actinomorphic
- unisexual & dioecious
- sepals connate and imbricate
- petals imbricate (overlap)
- stamens glabrous filaments
- anthers two locules
gynoecium connate carpels
- hypogynous
family burseraceae
76
- fleshy drupes
- 1-5 seeds
- dicots
- pyrenes dehiscent
family burseraceae
77
source of wood
Dacryodes excelsia
78
for varnish
Bursera microphylla
79
brew tea, make varnish and turpentine, and make tiger balm
Bursera simaruba
80
make incense
Boswellia carteri
81
give common examples of family burseraceae
Philippine Elemi Tree
Pili
Frankincense
Myrrh
Gumbo Limbo
Garuga
Palo Santo
82
give the economic importance of family burseraceae
Food, Medicinal Use, Resin Production, Essential Oil, and Timber
83
family meliaceae is also called as
mahogany family
84
- Found in tropical and subtropical regions.
- Classified as threatened or endangered
family meliaceae
85
- Pinnately compound leaves.
- Lanceolate or oblong.
- Aromatic wood.
- Fleshy or woody capsules.
- Multiple seeds.
- Insecticidal properties.
- Triterpenoid limonoids (destroy insects).
- Can be deciduous or evergreen trees
family meliaceae
86
- leaflets along central axis (pedicel)
- panicles or racemes
- fruits are capsules or drupes
family meliaceae
87
- bipinnately compound leaves
- cyme or umbel
- large, woody capsules with winged seeds
- produce secondary metabolites
- tolerate a wider range of environmental conditions & form symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi
family meliaceae
88
serve as chemical defenses against herbivores and pests
limonoid and quassinoid (secondary metabolites)
89
destroy insects
triterpenoid limonoid
90
- Alternate.
- Exstipulate.
- Pinnately compound, rarely simple.
- Without transparent dots or glandular dots.
- Leaf margin: serrated or entire
family meliaceae
91
- Woody bark.
- Smooth or rough bark.
- Inner bark may be reddish-brown or pink
family meliaceae
92
- Bisexual.
- Calyx and corolla united.
- Panicle or raceme.
- Color varies.
- Hypogynous, pedicellate
family meliaceae
93
- seed winged or fleshy aril
- berry
- capsule or drupe
- branched tap roots
- seeds are flattened and winged/aril
family meliaceae
94
give the economic importance of family meliaceae
Oil, Medicine, Timber, Food and Beverage, and Ornamental
95
produce commercial magossa oil
Melia azadirachta seeds
96
used as an illuminant
Carapa guianensis oil
97
used in microscopy
cedrela oil
98
given common examples of family meliaceae
- Mahogany (invasive)
- Chinaberry
- Santol
- Lanzones
- Cape Ash
- Neem Tree (pang tanggal ng kuto)
99
- Compact inflorescence (heads).
- Involucre of small, modified leaves (bracts).
- Involucre is present, composed of phyllaries.
- Hypogynous with a single basal ovule.
- Disk or ray with the calyx.
- Woody and perennial.
family asteraceae
100
- Alternate and simple or opposite, rarely whorled.
- Lobes, toothed, and pinnately or palmately veined.
- Fringe of hairs or pappus.
- Anatropous ovule.
- Insect pollination.
- Life form: bushes, vines, and trees.
- Flower types: bilabiate, disk, and ligulate
family asteraceae
101
bract is also called as
phyllaries
102
a whorl or rosette of bracts surrounding an inflorescence (especially a capitulum) or at the base of an umbel
involucre
103
- Composite head or capitulum with individual disc florets.
- Herbaceous body.
- Intricate petals.
- Sturdy stems.
- Gather in clusters.
family asteraceae
104
- achene-like cypsela fruit
- simple or compound leaf
- ray and disc florets
- taproots and root tubers
- erect, climbing, woody
- five stamen, bicapillary syncarpous
- calyx to papus or scale leaves
family asteraceae
105
give the economic importance of family asteraceae
- Source of Oil
- Medicinal Value
- Food Source
- Insecticide
- Ornamental
106
give the common examples of family asteraceae
- Aster
- Zinnia
- Chrysanthemum
- Dahlia
- Daisy
- Dandelion
- Lettuce
- Marigold
- Sunflower
107
family fabaceae is also known as
leguminosae, papilionaceae, bean/pea/legume family
108
Third largest family of flowering plants. Found everywhere except Antarctica and high arctic
family fabaceae
109
- Papilionaceous corolla (five petals).
- Loment/lomentum.
- Zygomorphic flower with diadelphous androecium (9+1 stamens condition).
- The ovary is monocarpellary, superior, unilocular with marginal placentation
family fabaceae
110
this is called the 9+1 stamen condition
diadelphous androecium
111
- alternate, stipulate, and simple leaves
- Hermaphrodite flowers
- Polyandrous androecium.
- Anatropous ovules.
- Polypetalous (separate petals) corolla
family fabaceae
112
separate petals and fused petals
polypetalous and gamopetalous
113
separate sepals and fused sepals
polysepalous and gamosepalous
114
- herbaceous and with annual life cycle.
- compound leaves and leaflets are modified into tendrils (Pisum, Lanthyrus).
- zygomorphic flowers (bilateral).
- gamosepalous (united or partly united sepals).
- papilionaceous (butterfly-like).
family fabaceae
115
- diadelphous stamen (stamens united by their filaments).
- monocarpellary (single gynoecium).
- simple legume fruits.
- campylotropous.
- non-endospermic
family fabaceae
116
- Alternate and compound leaves.
- stipules at the base of the petiole.
- pinnate or palmate
- raceme, spike, head
- bilateral and irregular
- contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria
- legume or pod that dehisces (splits open)
- rounded or elliptical seeds
- herbaceous
family fabaceae
117
give the economic importance of family fabaceae
- food source
- agriculture
- forage and fodder
- industrial
- timber/wood products
- pharmaceuticals
- ornamental
118
for soy products
soybeans
119
used in hummus and salads
chickpeas
120
form symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria
red clover
121
used as green manure cover crops
vetch
122
used in gum Arabic production
acacia
123
used in food processing and beverages
carob
124
give common examples of family fabaceae
- acacia
- mung bean
- peanut
- pea
- fire tree
- makahiya
- tamarind
125
give the taxonomical classifcation of family rutaceae
d - eukarya
k - plantae
p - tracheophyta
c - dicotyledons
o - sapindales
126
family rutaceae is known as
citrus or rue family
127
Herbaceous perennials. Found in warm temperate and tropical regions
family rutaceae
127
- trees, shrubs, lianas, or rarely shrubs.
- dicots.
- Compound leaves have glandular punctate (this produces oil).
- Regular flowers have five white petals.
- opposite leaves.
- 4 or 5 sepals fused together
family rutaceae
128
they have thorns and specialized oil cells in leaves
family rutaceae
129
- taproots/fibrous
- branched
- Erect.
- Woody.
- Branched.
- Cylindrical.
- Gland Dotted
- Alternate and Opposite.
- Pinnately-Compound and Palmately-Compound
- entire and serrate margin
family rutaceae
130
- unicostate and reticulate
- cyme, axillary, terminal corymb, racemose
- pedicellate
- no bracts
- hermaphrodite
- actinomorphic
- hypogynous
- perfect and complete
- pentamerous and tetramerous
- twice stamens as petals
- endospermic or exalbuminous
family rutaceae
131
give the economic importance of family rutaceae
- food consumption
- medicine
- ornamental
- timber and essential oil
132
give common examples of family rutaceae
- orange
- lemon
- grapefruit
- lime
133
as laxative and in treatment of Dysentry
Aegle mameoles
134
treatment of intestinal disorders
Murraya koenigil
135
treat Glucomma
Pilocarpus sp.
136
treatment of Asthma
Peganum harmala
137
treatment of Malaria
Cusparia febrifuga
138
treatment of fevers, dyspepsia, cholera
Zanthoxylum alatum
139
they are high in vitamin c
citrus fruits
140
no bracts is called
ebracteate
141
where grasses are mainly planted
grasslands/savannahs and croplands
142
what is grass
monocotyledonous angiosperms
143
who coined the term poaceae?
John Hendley in 1895
144
poeaceae is derived from?
greek word meaning fodder
145
who introduced genus poa
carl linnaeus
146
taxonomical classification of poaceae
plantae, angiosperms, monocotyledonae, poales, poaceae
147
stem of grasses is called
culm
148
annual grass
oryza
149
perennial grass
Saccharum
150
rarely tree grass
bamboo
151
inflorescence of grass
spike or panicles of spikelets
152
each spikelet of grass flower is composed of how many flowers
2-5 flowers
153
pair of bracts is called
glumes
154
two bracts of grass are called
palea and lemma
155
perianth of grass is represented by two or three scale like called
lodicules
156
what is the basis of poaceae
tribe poeae
157
phylum angiosperms is also called what
phylum anthophyta
158
class monocotyledonae is also called as
class liliopsida
