Midterms

Question 1

tracing process which requires the application of considerable pressure

Answer 1

Indention or Canal-Like Process

Question 2

process made carbon paper tracing

Answer 2

Carbon Outline Process

Question 3

forged signature which closely resembles the genuine made by some tracing process or outline form.

Answer 3

Traced Forgery

Question 4

a forged signature which resembles the genuine signature written in free-hand. Considered as the Most Skillful Form of Forgery.

Answer 4

Simulated or Copied forgery

Question 5

a forged signature where no attempt has been made to make a copy or facsimile of the genuine writing of a person purported to sign the document. Also known as Spurious Signature.

Answer 5

Simple forgery

Question 6

most useful and effective protective covering of a disputed document

Answer 6

Transparent Plastic Envelope

Question 7

the act as falsifying and counterfeiting of treasury or bank notes, paper bills or any instruments payable to the bearer or order.

Answer 7

Forgery

Question 8

refers to the act of simulating or copying or tracing somebody’s signature without the permission of the later, for profit.

Answer 8

Forgery

Question 9

a class of signature for routinely executed document or made for personal correspondence.

Answer 9

Informal or Cursory

Question 10

Used for mail delivery of goods, purchase of equipments and an autograph collector.

Answer 10

Careless Scribble

Question 11

tracing process made with the used of light from the back or bottom using transmitted light process

Answer 11

Projection or Transmitted Light Process

Question 12

signature characterized by inter-widening strokes

Answer 12

Highly Individualized

Question 13

signature in which letters or characters are readable

Answer 13

Conventional Signature

Question 14

specimen which was executed in particular date, particular time and place, under a particular writer’s condition and for a particular purpose.

Answer 14

Evidential Signature

Question 15

A genuine signature which was used in preparing simulated or traced forgery.

Answer 15

Model signature

Question 16

a name of person signed by himself on a document as a sign of acknowledgement.

Answer 16

Signature

Question 17

found either at the beginning or end of letters, both small and capital in which the pen touched or left of the paper so slowly that a tiny pool of ink spread slightly.

Answer 17

Knob

Question 18

the long downward stroke that is the trunk or stalk, seen especially in B, F, K, P.

Answer 18

Main stroke or Stem or Shank of Staff

Question 19

the rounded outer side of the top of the bend, crook, or curve in small letters such as h, k, m, n.

Answer 19

Hump

Question 20

The long initial rising stroke of a letter.

Answer 20

Initial Spur

Question 21

the bend, crook, or curve on the inner side of the bottom loop or curve of small letters.

Answer 21

Hook or Through

Question 22

added strokes that serves as an ornamental or flourish to the design of the letters. They considered unnecessary to the legibility of the writing.

Answer 22

Embellishments

Question 23

strokes added to complete certain letters. They are necessary to the legibility of the letters.

Answer 23

Diacritics

Question 24

the upward stroke, usually on letters that have a high loops such as h, d, and I.

Answer 24

Whirl

Question 25

an horizontal or downward final stroke usually seen in small letters such as a, s, u, y.

Answer 25

Space Filler or Terminal Spur

Question 26

class of signature used in acknowledging important document such as will, checks, contract and business papers.

Answer 26

Formal or Complete

Question 27

the introductory backward stroke added to the beginning of many capital letters; it is also occasionally found in some small letters.

Answer 27

Hitch

Question 28

the base, or bottom of a letter that lies on the line of writing.

Answer 28

Foot

Question 29

the small loop formed by strokes that extend in divergent directions as in b, c, f, k, p. q, r, s, v, w, and Z.

Answer 29

Eye Loop or Eyelet

Question 30

The continuous line that joins two letters.

Answer 30

Dactus Link or Junction Connected

Question 31

disconnected and non-continuous stroke between two letters.

Answer 31

Dactus Broken or Junction Broken

Question 32

=the part of a letter ordinarily formed by a small circle that usually lies on the line of writing, as the bodies of a, b, d, g, o, p.

Answer 32

Central Part or Body

Question 33

the horizontal and looped strokes that are often used to complete such letters as A, F, f, H and D.

Answer 33

Buckle Knot

Question 34

is the location of the pen in relation to the paper surface, which can be determined by the presence of the emphasis or pen shading.

Answer 34

Pen Position (pen hold)

Question 35

refers to the more obvious increase in the width of the letter strokes or the widening of the ink strokes due to the added ink on the flexible pen point or the use of the stub pen.

Answer 35

Shading

Question 36

a special form of pen-lift in which there is an obvious gap between letters

Answer 36

Hiatus

Question 37

interruption in a stroke caused by removing the writing instrument from the paper. Disconnection between letters and letter combination may be due to lack of movement control. Using a ballpoint pen may cause pen lift due to failure of the ball to rotate.

Answer 37

Pen lift

Question 38

is a stroke going back to repair a defective portion of the writing stroke. Careful patching is a common fault in forgeries.

Answer 38

Retouching or Patching

Question 39

is the stroke that normally goes back over another writing strokes; it is slightly to occur in others handwriting.

Answer 39

Retracing or Retrace

Question 40

represents the reach of the hand with the wrist at rest. It is the average scope or limits of the pen during the process of writing with the wrist of the hand at still.

Answer 40

Pen Scope

Question 41

the beginning and ending strokes of letters, both small and capital, in which the pen touch the paper without hesitation, beard, Hitch or knob.

Answer 41

Blunt

Question 42

The slight up and down introductory or sort of double hitch, seen at the beginning of many capital letters.

Answer 42

BEARD

Question 43

the bend, crook, or curve on the inner side of the upper loop of such letters as c, h, m, n, etc.

Answer 43

ARC

Question 44

cannot be measured precisely from the finished handwriting but it can be interpreted in board term as to slow and drawn, deliberate, average and rapid.

Answer 44

Speed

Question 45

refers to the degree of proportion, balance, or harmony of the formation of strokes

Answer 45

Symmetry

Question 46

is the degree to which glyphs (individual characters) in writing are understandable or recognizable based on appearance.

Answer 46

Legibility

Question 47

refers to the relative degree of the writer's proficiency. It cannot be accurately measured although it can be grouped as to poor, average and good. Writing ______ is independent to many factors, manual dexterity being the most important. Its basis is either legibility or symmetry.

Answer 47

Skill

Question 48

is mostly employed in "vertical Writing" and mainly in the formation of printed styles of writing. Letters are formed by the actions of the Thumb, Index and the Middle Fingers.

Answer 48

Finger movement

Question 49

refers to factors relative to the motion of the pen such as, pressure, rhythm, pen lifting, and others.

Answer 49

Writing movement

Question 50

is the visible record in the written stroke of the basic movement and manner of holding the pen or writing instrument. It is derived from a combination of factors including writing skill, speed, rhythm, freedom of movement shading and proportion.

Answer 50

Line Quality

Question 51

writing is produced by the movement of the hand and arm and also fingers in some cases. The elbow is the pivotal of the lateral movement.

Answer 51

Forearm (or Muscular Movement)

Question 52

it involves the action of the hand as a whole with fingers playing but a mirror role (mainly in the formation of small letters) and the wrist is the pivotal of the lateral movement.

Answer 52

Hand Movement

Question 53

involves the action of the entire arm without rest and is employed in very large writing.

Answer 53

Whole-Arm Movement

Question 54

is the balance quality of movement or the harmonious recurrence of strokes or impulse. As an element of writing movements, rhythm accounts to be one of the very essential for there is nothing in handwriting so difficult to imitate as the exact quality of a muscular rhythm.

Answer 54

Rhythm

Question 55

is the act of intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surface with increase pressure or the periodic increase in pressure of the writing.

Answer 55

Pen Emphasis

Question 56

is the average force with which the pen comes in contact with the paper or the usual force involves in the writing. This is one of the most personal but somewhat hidden characteristics in writing.

Answer 56

Writing (Pen) Pressure

Question 57

those that have been introduced into the handwriting, whether consciously unconsciously by the writer

Answer 57

Personal or Individual Characteristics

Question 58

those derived from the general style to which the handwriting conforms

Answer 58

Class or Style Characteristics

Question 59

refers to any property or mark which serves a distinguishing trait

Answer 59

Characteristics

Question 60

are those changes which continue to exist only while the basic cause is affecting the writer

Answer 60

Transitory Changes

Question 61

refers to the usual or normal deviation found in a repeated writing specimen of an individual's handwriting

Answer 61

Natural Writing Variation

Question 62

It refers to tremor at the wrong place or tremor that is wrongly placed.

Answer 62

Tremor Fraud

Question 63

tremor that is not due to weakening of the muscle but due to lack of skills on the part of the writer.

Answer 63

Tremor of Illiteracy

Question 64

natural consequence of one's handwriting

Answer 64

Genuine Tremor

Question 65

It is a writing weakness portrayed by irregular, or wavering stroke.

Answer 65

TREMORS

Question 66

an imaginary or straight line in which the writing rest.

Answer 66

Baseline

Question 67

refers to the degree of writing inclination relative to the baseline

Answer 67

Slant

Question 68

elements of one's writing that are sufficiently unique and well fixed to serve as a strong basis of individuality.

Answer 68

Significant Writing Habits

Question 69

signs of forgery in guided a thing

Answer 69

Good Pen control

Question 70

signs of forgery in guided a ting

Answer 70

Good Pen control

Question 71

signs of genuine guided writing

Answer 71

Abrupt in Direction

Question 72

a specimen of writing executed while the writer's hand is at steadied. Usually employed by beginners in writing.

Answer 72

Guided/Assisted Writing

Question 73

is a specimen of writing executed deliberately by the author in trying to alter his usual writing habits in the hope of hiding his identity

Answer 73

Disguised Writing

Question 74

refers to the amount of horizontal gap or space between letters.

Answer 74

Letter Spacing

Question 75

a type of ratio in which the size of short letters is one-third (1/3) the size of tall letters

Answer 75

Low Ratio

Question 76

a type of ratio in which the size of short letters is three-fourth (3/4) the size tall letters

Answer 76

High Ratio

Question 77

a type of ratio in which the size of short letters is half (1/2) the size of tall letters

Answer 77

Normal Ratio

Question 78

are letters written between the lines

Answer 78

Short Letters

Question 79

are letters with upward and downward strokes on some projected parts

Answer 79

Tall Letters

Question 80

refers to the relationship between short and tall letters

Answer 80

Ratio of Writing

Question 81

is the combination of the basic shape and designs of letter and the writing movement which was taught in school.

Answer 81

System of Writing

Question 82

is an illustration of the basic designs of letters that is fundamental to the writing system.

Answer 82

Copy-book-form

Question 83

goes toward the body

Answer 83

Downward stroke

Question 84

goes away from the body of a letter

Answer 84

Upward stroke

Question 85

used for lateral movement

Answer 85

Lumbrical

Question 86

it pulls the pen down to make downward strokes

Answer 86

Flexor

Question 87

it pushes the pen up to make upward strokes

Answer 87

Extensor

Question 88

is a visible effect of bodily movement which is an almost unconscious expressions of fixed muscular habits, reacting from fixed mental impression of ertain ideas associated with script form.

Answer 88

Handwriting

Question 89

is the visible result of a very complicated series of acts, being as a whole or a combination of certain forms which are the very visible result of mental and muscular habits acquired by long continued painstaking effort.

Answer 89

Writing

Question 90

refers to any repeated elements or details which may serve to individualize writing

Answer 90

Writing Habits

Question 91

a specimen of writing that is executed normally and without any attempt of altering its usual writing habits

Answer 91

Natural Writing

Question 92

refers to writing characterized disconnected by a style.

Answer 92

Handlettering

Question 93

writing in which the letters are for the most part joined together.

Answer 93

Cursive Writing

Question 94

the art of attempting to interpret the character or personality of an individual from his handwriting.

Answer 94

Graphology

Question 95

a mental disease where one loses the ability to write although he could still grasp a writing instrument

Answer 95

AGRAPHIA