Midterms Flashcards
(295 cards)
1
Q
alter, altera, alterum
A
the other(of 2)
2
Q
arbor, arboris
A
f., tree
3
Q
cur
A
why
4
Q
dum
A
while
5
Q
et
A
and
6
Q
etiam
A
also, even
7
Q
facio, -ere, feci
A
to do/make
8
Q
habito, -are
A
to live
9
Q
iam
A
now
10
Q
laetus, -a, -um
A
happy
11
Q
puella, -ae
A
f., girl
12
Q
quae
A
which
13
Q
quod
A
because
14
Q
scribo, -ere, scripsi
A
to write
15
Q
sedeo, -ere, sedi
A
to sit
16
Q
ubi
A
when/where
17
Q
villa, -ae
A
f., house
18
Q
ager, agri
A
m., field
19
Q
ambulo, -are
A
to walk
20
Q
amica, -ae
A
f., friend
21
Q
curro, -ere, cucurri
A
to run
22
Q
defessus, -a, -um
A
tired
23
Q
hodie
A
today
24
Q
quoque
A
also
25
saepe
often
26
sed
but
27
sum, esse, fui
to be
28
tandem
at last
29
clamo, -are
to shout
30
hortus, -i
m., garden
31
iratus, -a, -um
angry
32
laboro, -are
to work
33
multus, -a, -um
much, many
34
puer, -i
m., boy
35
qui
who
36
rideo, -ere, risi
to laugh
37
servus, -i
m., servant
38
solus, -a, -um
alone
39
vir, -i
m., man
40
amo, -are
to love
41
q=ascendo, -ere, ascendi
to climb
42
audio, -ire, audivi
to hear
43
conspicio, -ere, conspexi
to catch sight of
44
dormio, -ire, dormivi
to sleep
45
igitur
therefore
46
magnus, -a, -um
big
47
nihil
nothing
48
quid
what
49
quo
which
50
ramus, -i
m., branch
51
semper
always
52
terreo, -ere, terrui
to frighten
53
tu, te
you
54
tum
at that moment, then
55
vexo, -are
to annoy
56
video, -ere, vidi
to see
57
vox, vocis
f., voice
58
ad (+acc)
to
59
advenio, -ire, adveni
to arrive
60
clamor, clamoris
m., noise
61
dies, diei
m., day
62
erro, -are
to wander, be mistaken
63
eum, eos
him, them; accusative
64
ibi
there
65
lupus, -i
m., wolf
66
nolo, nolle, nolui
to be unwilling
67
paro, -are
to prepare
68
perterritus, -a, -um
frightened
69
peto, -ere, petivi
to search, seek, attack
70
possum, posse, potui
to be able
71
prope (+acc)
near
72
repello, -ere, repuli
to repel
73
respondeo, -ere, respondi
to respond
74
silva, -ae
f., woods
75
timeo, -ere, timui
to be afraid
76
volo, velle, volui
to be willing
77
ancilla, -ae
f., slavewoman
78
aqua, -ae
f., water
79
cibus, -i
m., food
80
curo, -are
to heal
81
doceo, -ere, docui
to teach
82
mater, matris
f., mother
83
mox
soon
84
necesse
adv. or indecl. adj., necessary
85
neque
neither
86
nunc
now
87
omnis, -is, -is, -e
all, the whole, every, each
88
pater, patris
m., father
89
porto, -are
to carry
90
surgo -ere, surrexi
to rise
91
tamen
however
92
duco, -ere, duxi
to lead
93
eo, ire, ii(ivi), itum
irreg., to go
94
inquit
said
95
meus, -a, -um
my, mine
96
nuntius, -i
m., messenger
97
princeps, principis
m., emperor
98
saluto, -are
to greet
99
specto, -are
to watch
100
trado, -ere, tradidi
to trade
101
urbs, urbis
f., city
102
venio, -ire, veni
to come
103
cubiculum, -i
n., bedroom
104
deinde
soon
105
ego
I
106
excito, -are
to rouse
107
intro, -are
to enter
108
iterum
again, a second time
109
nos
we, us
110
tempus, temporis
time
111
vos
pl, you
112
abeo, -ire, abii
to go away
113
discedo, -ere, discessi
to depart, go away
114
e/ex (+ abl.)
from, out of
115
hic
here
116
in (+abl.)
in, on, among
117
in (+acc)
into, against
118
maneo, -ere, mansi
to stay
119
miser, -a, -um
unhappy
120
mitto, -ere, misi
to send
121
nemo, neminis
m./f., no one
122
nullus, -a, -um
no, none
123
per (+acc.)
through, along
124
prope (+acc.)
near
125
sub (+abl.)
under, beneath
126
suus, -a, -um
his, her, one's, its, their (own)
127
tempto, -are
to try
128
teneo, -ere, tenui
to hold
129
tuus, -a, -um
yours
130
alius, -a, -ud
another, other
131
cras
tomorrow
132
equus, -i
m., horse
133
gero, -ere, gessi
to wear
134
habeo, -ere, habui
to have
135
iacio, -ere, ieci
to throw
136
incito, -are
to incite, urge on
137
interea
meanwhile
138
iter, iineris
n., journey, route
139
iubeo, -ere, iussi
to order
140
paratus, -a, -um
prepared
141
pono, -ere, posui
to put, place
142
raeda, -ae
f., carriage
143
scelestus, -a, -um
wicked
144
soleo, -ere
to be accustomed (to)
145
sto, stare, steti
to stand
146
via, -ae
f., road
147
iubeo, -ere, iussi
to order
148
absum, abesse, afui
to be absent
149
dominus, -i
m., master
150
effugio, -ere, effugi
to flee
151
filia, -ae
f., daughter
152
filius, -i
m., son
153
frater, fratris
m., brother
154
ira, -ae
f., anger
155
liberi, -orum
m. pl., children
156
parens, parentis
m./f., parents
157
porta, -ae
f., gate
158
quamquam
although
159
soror, sororis
f., sister
160
uxor, uxoris
f., wife
161
verbero, -are
to beat, whip
162
bonus, -a, -um
good
163
canis, canis
m./f. dog
164
convoco, -are
to call together
165
cum (+abl.)
with
166
fero, ferre, tuli
to carry
167
rogo, -are
to ask
168
traho, -ere, traxi
to drag
169
vestigium, -i
n., tracks
170
a/ab (+ abl.)
from, by
171
civis, civis
m./f., citizens
172
pars, partis
f., part, direction, region
173
pes, pedis
m., foot
174
quiesco, -ere, quievi
to rest
175
vehiculum, -i
n., vehicle
176
vito, -are
to avoid
177
ago, -ere, egi
to drive, do
178
ars, artis
f., skill
179
commotus, -a, -um
moved, excited
180
culpa, -ae
f., fault, blame
181
gaudeo, -ere
to be glad
182
moveo, -ere, movi
to move, shake
183
noster, -ra, -rum
our
184
periculum, -i
n., danger
185
appareo, -ere, apparui
to appear
186
auxilium, -i
n., help
187
diu
long
188
nomen, nominis
n., name
189
onus, oneris
n., burden
190
plaustrum, -i
n., wagon
191
praeterea
besides
192
procul
far off
193
rota, -ae
f., wheel
194
tardus, -a, -um
late
195
animus, -i
m., mind
196
apud (+acc.)
with, at the house of
197
de (+abl.)
from, about
198
hospes, hospitis
m./f., guest
199
itaque
and so
200
ludo, -ere, lusi
game
201
mortuus, -a, -um
dead
202
relinquo, -ere, reliqui
to leave
203
scio, -ire, scivi
to know (science)
204
verto, -ere, verti
transform
205
aedificium, -i
n., building
206
caelum, -i
heaven
207
caupo, cauponis
m., innkeeper
208
caupona, -ae
f., inn
209
custodio, -ire, custodivi
to guard
210
periculosus, -a, -um
dangerous
211
pernocto, -are
to spend the night
212
agnosco, -ere, agnovi
to recognize
213
doleo, -ere, dolui
to regret
214
fortis, -e
strong
215
homo, hominis
m., man
216
modo
only
217
obesus, -a, -um
fat
218
olim
once
219
ceno, -are
to eat
220
sordidus, -a, -um
dirty
221
valde
very
222
vigilo, -are
to watch
223
antea
before
224
dico, -ere, dixi
to say
225
enim
indeed, truly
226
fabula, -ae
f., story
227
heri
yesterday
228
licet, licere, licuit (+dat.)
it is allowed
229
medius, -a, -um
middle
230
miles, militis
m., soldier
231
narro, -are
to say, tell
232
neco, -are
to kill
233
numquam
never
234
paulisper
for a while
235
post (+acc.)
after
236
adiuvo, -are, adiuvi
to help
237
cogito, -are
to think
238
conicio, -ere, conieci
to throw; to figure out
239
corpus, corporis
n., body
240
do, dare, dedi
to give
241
finio, -ire, ivi
to finish
242
invitus, -a, -um
unwilling
243
lux, lucis
f., light
244
malus, -a, -um
bad
245
primus, -a, -um
first
246
punio, -ire, punivi
to punish
247
simulo, -are,
to pretend
248
somnium, -i
n., dream
249
somnus, -i
m., sleep
250
supra
above, on top
251
atque
conj., and also
252
immemor (gen. immemoris) (+ gen.)
forgetful
253
ingens (gen. ingentis)
huge
254
intra (+acc.)
inside
255
vester, -ra, -rum
pl., your
256
future tense endings
1st & 2nd conj: bo, bis, bit bimus, bitis, bunt
add endings to present stem
3rd, 3rdio, & 4th conj: am, es, et emus, etis, ent
for 3rd, -ere +endings
for 3rdio, -ere +i +ending
for 4th, present stem +ending
will verb
257
present endings
o/m, s, t
mus, tis, nt(unt if 3rd, iunt if 4th)
the endings are added to the "present stem" - except 1st sing & 3rd person plural, just remove whole present stem ending
am verbing, do verb, verb/verbs
258
imperfect endings
bam, bas, bat bamus, batis, bant
add respective ending to present stem
if 4th conj, also add e before ending
was verb-ing
259
perfect endings
i, isti, it imus, istis, erunt
perfect stem + ending
has/have verbed, did verb, verbed
260
pluperfect endings
eram, eras, erat
eramus, eratis, erant
perfect stem + ending
had verbed
261
future perfect endings
ero, eris, erit
erimus, eritis, erint
perfect stem + ending
will have verbed
262
sum, esse, fui conjugating
present: sum, es, est sumus, estis, sunt
imperfect: eram, eras, erat eramus, eratis, erant
future: ero, eris, erit erimus, eritis, erunt
perfect: fui, fuisti, fuit fuimus, fuistis, fuerunt
pluperfect: fueram, fueras, fuerat fueramus, fueratis, fuerant
future perfect: fuero, fueris, fuerit fuerimus, fueritis, fuerint
263
possum, posse, potui conjugating
present: possum, potes, potest possumus, potestis, possunt
imperfect: poteram, poteras, poterat poteramus, poteratis, poterant
future: potero, poteris, poterit poterimus, poteritis, poterunt
perfect: potui, potuisti, potuit potuimus, potuistis, potuerunt
pluperfect: potueram, potueras, potuerat potueramus, potueratis, potuerant
future perfect: potuero, potueris, potuerit potuerimus, potueritis, potuerint
264
volo, velle, volui conjugating
present: volo, vis, vult volumus, vultis, volunt
imperfect: volebam, volebas, volebat volebamus, volebatis, volebant
future: volam, voles, volet volemus, voletis, volent
perfect: volui, voluisti, voluit voluimus, voluistis, voluerunt
pluperfect: volueram, volueras, voluerat volueramus, volueratis, voluerant
future perfect: voluero, volueris, voluerit voluerimus, volueritis, voluerint
265
present stem
take the infinitive, and remove the -re from the end
however, if 3rd conj, "-ere" is removed and an "i" is added
266
perfect stem
-i from 3rd pp
267
nolo, nolle, nolui conjugating
present: nolo, non vis, non vult nolumus, non vultis, nolunt
imperfect: nolebam, nolebas, nolebat nolebamus, nolebatis, nolebant
future: nolam, noles, nolet nolemus, noletis, nolent
perfect: nolui, noluisti, noluit noluimus, noluistis, noluerunt
pluperfect: nolueram, noueras, noluerat nolueramus, nolueratis, noluerant
future perfect: noluero, nolueris, noluerit noluerimus, nolueritis, noluerint
268
fero, ferre, tuli conjugating
present: fero, fers, fert ferimus, fertis, ferunt
imperfect: ferebam, ferebas, ferebat ferebamus, ferebatis, ferebant
future: feram, feres, feret feremus, feretis, ferent
perfect: tuli, tulisti, tulit tulimus, tulistis, tulerunt
pluperfect: tuleram, tuleras, tulerat tuleramus, tuleratis, tulerant
future perfect: tulero, tuleris, tulerit tulerimus, tuleritis, tulerint
269
eo, ire, ii conjugating
present: eo, is, it imus, itis, eunt
imperfect: ibam, ibas, ibat ibamus, ibatis, ibant
future: ibo, ibis, ibit ibimus, ibitis, ibunt
perfect: ii, iisti, iit iimus, iistis, ierunt
pluperfect: ieram, ieras, ierat ieramus, ieratis, ierant
future perfect: iero, ieris, ierit ierimus, ieritis, ierint
270
personal pronouns
1st person: ego, mei, mihi, me, me nos, nostri/nostrum, nobis, nos, nobis
2nd person: tu, tui, tibi, te, te vos, vestri/vestrum, vobis, vos, vobis
3rd person, masc: is, eius, ei, eum, eo ei, eorum, eis, eos, eis
3rd person, fem: ea, eius, ei, eam, ea eae, earum, eis, eas, eis
3rd person neut: id, eius, ei, id, eo ea, eorum, eis, ea, eis
3rd persons are possessive but don't refer to the subject
271
reflexive pronouns
1st person(same as personal PN's): --, mei, mihi, me, me --, nostri/nostrum, nobis, nos, nobis
2nd person(same as personal PN's): --, tui, tibi, te, te --, vestri/vestrum, vobis, vos, vobis
3rd person: --, sui, sibi, se, se --, sui, sibi, se, se
272
possessive adjectives
3rd person adj's only used when **reflexive** sense is required
genitive 3rd person personal PN's can also be used but don't refer to the subject
1st person:
singular: me + respective mas/fem/neut ending
plural: nostr + respective ending (except nom. masc. = noster)
2nd person:
singular: tu + ending
plural: vestr + ending (nom. masc. = vester)
3rd person:
sing: su + ending
273
relative clauses
descriptive clauses that modify nouns
274
relative PN's
introduce relative clauses; relate/connect the statement made in the subordinate clause to a noun or noun phrase
form depends on gender & number of **antecedent**, & case required for function of the relative PN **in its own clause**
275
qui, quae, quod
qui, quae, quae
who, which, that
276
cuius, cuius, cuius
quorum, quarum, quorum
whose, of whom, of which
277
cui, cui, cui
quibus, quibus, quibus
to whom(which), for whom(which)
278
quem, quam, quod
quos, quas, quae
whom, which, that
279
quo, qua, quo
quibus, quibus, quibus
translation depends on function in the clause
Ex: quibuscum = with whom, & quo could be ablative of means or instrument & mean w/ which or by which
280
Quam...!
How...!
281
indefinite adjectives
forms of quidam, a certain; pl., some
same as relative PN's + -dam (except for accusative singular m & f, and gen pl m,f,n - m's turn into n's)
282
interrogative PN's
in the singular, has identical forms in the masc & fem
in plural, same as relative PN
Quis...? Who?
Quid...? What...?
283
active voice
subject performs the action of the verb
284
passive voice
the subject receives the action of the verb
285
demonstrative PN's
used to point out something/one
this/these -or- that/those
when used alone, can be translated *he, him, she, it, they, etc.* as well as *that man, this, woman, these, ppl, those things, etc.* according to the gender & # of the demonstrative, as well as the context
286
demonstrative adj's
this/these -or- that/those
must agree w/ the nouns they modify in gender, case, & #
287
1st declension
usually feminine
- a -ae
- ae -arum
- ae -is
- am -as
- ä -is
288
2nd declension
usually masculine/neuter
## Footnote
1) Nouns ending in -us (masculine) and -um (neuter) decline thus:
Masculine
Singular Plural
Nom. -us -i
Gen. -i -orum
Dat. -o -is
Acc. -um -os
Abl. -o -is
Neuter
Singular Plural
Nom. -um -a
Gen. -i -orum
Dat. -o -is
Acc. -um -a
Abl. -o -is
2) Vir (the only noun ending in -ir) declines thus:
Singular Plural
Nom. vir viri
Gen. viri virorum
Dat. viro viris
Acc. virum viros
Abl. viro viris
3) Nouns ending in -er (masculine) decline either like puer, boy or ager,
field:
Singular Plural
Nom. puer pueri
Gen. pueri puerorum
Dat. puero pueris
Acc. puerum pueros
Abl. puero pueris
Singular Plural
Nom. ager agri
Gen. agri agrorum
Dat. agro agris
Acc. agrum agros
Abl. agro agris
289
3rd declension
1) Masculine & fem 3rd decl nouns r declined alike:
Masc Fem
Nom. pater patres vox voces
Gen. patris patrum vocis vocum]
Dat. patri patribus voci vocibus
Acc. patrem patres vocem voces
Abl. patre patribus voce vocibus
3rd dec nouns have a variety of nom. endings, but the gen. sing. is *always* -is
2) Neuter nouns differ only in the accus. singular & nom. and accus. plural
Neuter
Nom. nōmen nōmina
Gen. nōminis nōminum
Dat. nōminī nōminibus
Acc. nōmen nōmina
Abl. nōmine nōminibus
290
4th declension
Fourth declension nouns carry a characteristic -u- throughout their declension (except
in the dative and ablative plural) and are identified by the -ūs in the genitive singular.
generally masc. fem declined like masc.
Masculine Neuter
Sing. Plur. Sing. Plur.
Nom. cursus cursūs cornū cornua
Gen. cursūs cursuum cornūs cornuum
Dat. cursuī (ū) cursibus [cornū] cornibus
Acc. cursum cursūs cornū cornua
Abl. cursū cursibus cornū cornibus
291
5th declension
Fifth declension nouns carry a characteristic -e- and are identified by
the -eī in the genitive singular.
Gender: All 5th declension nouns are feminine, except dies, and compounds of
dies, which are masculine. Dies, however, can also be feminine when it refers to a
specific day: constitūtā diē, on the appointed day.
Singular Plural
Nom. rēs rēs
Gen. reī rērum
Dat. reī rēbus
Acc. rem rēs
Abl. rē rēbus
292
Noceo, Nocere, Nocui, Nocitus
accusative → dative!
293
licet, licēre, licuit, licitum
it is allowed
accusative → dative
294
cōnfīdō, cōnfīdere, cōnfīsus sum
to trust
accusative → dative
295
necesse est
it is necessary
accusative → dative
